Abnormal aggregation of α-synuclein(α-Syn) is thought to be a key event in the pathogenesis of Parkinson disease (PD). In recent years, it was shown that above 90% of α-Syn deposited in Lewy bodies in brain tissues from patients with PD is phosphorylated, which suggested that α-Syn phosphorylation be connected with the occurrence of PD. Several kinds of phosphokinases can make α-Syn phosphorylated, however the precise roles of these phosphokinases in PD are less clear.

Objective To establish a method for the content determination of paeoniflorin in Gujing Pill. Methods Orthogonal test was used to optimize the condition of sample extraction and paeoniflorin content was detected by HPLC. HPLC was performed with Merck- LiChrospher RP- C18 column(4.6? 250 mm,5 ? m); methanol- water (25 ∶ 75) served as mobile phase and the detection wavelength was at 230 nm, the flow rate being 0.8 mL/min. Results Paeoniflorin has a good linearity within 0.27～ 1.35? g(r=0.9998) and the average recovery was 97.08 % with RSD 2.02 % (n=10). Conclusion This method is simple, sensitive, specific and can be used for the quality control of Gujing Pill.

Objective To study the safety and efficacy of intraoperative implanting slow-released 5-Fu after hepatectomy in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods 59 HCC patients undergoing hepatectomy from January 2008 to January 2009 were divided into two groups:to receive slowrelaesed 5-Fu in treatment group and nothing in control group.Postoperatively no patients in both group took chemotherapy.The serous value of WBC,ALT,AST,TBIL and AFP were measured in all cases on 1 day before and 3 weeks after the operation.During the first six months,AFP was measured and imaging studies were done one month after discharge,and every 3 months since then.CT-guided biopsy was used to confirm the recurrence of HCC. Disease-free survival rate and overall survival rate in two groups calculated respectively 6-,12-,18- and 24-months after the operation. Results The serous value of WBC,ALT,AST,TBIL was not different between treatment group and control group 3 weeks after the operation (separately t =0.801,- 0.854,- 1.948,- 0.503,all P ＞ 0.05).AFP was (361.58 ± 431.06) μg/L,( 17.02 ± 15.55 ) μg/L,(43.61 ± 58.03 ) μg/L in treatment group and (495.50 ± 441.63 ) μg/L,(26.82 ±60.46) μg/L,(127.48 ±229.79) μg/L in control group preoperatively,3 weeks and 6 months after the operation.AFP was lower in treatment group than that in control group ( t =- 2.065,P ＜ 0.05 ).The disease-free survival rate in treatment group was 95.8％,91.7％,79.2％,75.0％ at 6-,12-,18- and 24-months after the operation,in control group it was 94.3％,71.4％,60.0％,48.6％ ( x2 =4.035,P ＜0.05).The overall survival rate was respectively 100％,95.8％,91.7％,83.3％ in treatment group and was 100％,94.3％,77.1％,60.0％ in control group( x2 =3.931,P ＜0.05).Conclusions Intraoperativeimplanting slow-released 5-Fu during the hepatectomy was safe and effective method to reduce the recurrence rate of hepatocellular carcinoma and prolongs postoperative disease free and overall survival in HCC patients undergoing hepatectomy.

Objective The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of inflammation on the biological be-haviors of the VF -MSCs and provide the theoretic basis for the repair of the vocal folds which were damaged by in-flammation .Methods The inflammatory vocal fold tissues and normal vocal fold tissues were respectively derived from the vocal cord polyp and normal tissues of the hypopharyngeal carcinoma patients .The HE staining ,masson trichrome staining and elastin van gieson (EVG) staining were performed to detect the effects of inflammation on the collagenous fiber and elastic fibers of the vocal fold lamina propria .The cell colony formation analysis and MTT cell growth curve were used to detect the effects of inflammation on the proliferation of VF -MSCs .The effects of in-flammation on the multi-directional differentiation of VF -MSCs were evaluated by inducing the VF -MSCs to dif-ferentiate into osteoblasts and lipoblasts .Results The results of masson trichrome staining and EVG staining showed that in the inflammatory vocal fold lamina propria collagen fibers became thicker and the amount of collagen fibers increased ,while elastic fibers became thinner and the amount of elastic fibers decreased .Compared with the vocal fold mesenchymal stem cell (VF-MSCs) in normal vocal folds ,VF-MSCs in inflammatory vocal folds pro-liferated more significantly ,but the osteogenic differentiation and adipogenic differentiation of VF -MSCs in inflammatory vocal folds were restrained .Conclusion Inflammation enhanced the compressive resistance ,abated the elasticity , and restrained the multi -directional differentiation of VF -MSCs .

Objective To assess the academic influence of research on blood pressure in the world and its frontiers. Methods Papers on blood pressure published from 2004 to 2008 and from 2009 to 2013 in China and foreign coun-tries were retrieved from Web of Science. Their academic influencing power was assessed and their evolution in the past 10 years was displayed by Citespace. Results The world outputs in research on blood pressure increased steadily from 2004 to 2014. The competitive force of the USA-led developed Western countries was strong and stable. The out-puts in research on blood pressure in China increased rapidly, but its influencing power was relatively low. Although progress was made at micro and macro levels,greater advances were achieved at gene,molecular and big data levels in the past 10 years. Conclusion The USA and European countries-led development in research on blood pressure is steady, and it is urgent for China to reduce its gap with USA and European countries.

Objective Few studies are reported on the radicular groove and root canal variation of the mandibular first premolar.This study aimed to observe the root canal system and root variation of the mandibular first premolar by cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).Methods We selected CBCT images of 643 mandibular first premolars of 336 patients and subjected the data obtained to statistical analysis.Results Of the 643 mandibular first premolars, 637 (99.1％) had a single root and the other 6 had double roots;502 (78.1％) had a single root canal, 133 (20.7％) had two, 5 (0.78％) had three, and 3 (0.47％) presented C-shaped root canal morphology.The average length of the 643 mandibular first premolars was (13.2±1.5) mm and the mean distance from the apical foramen to the anatomical apical end of the root was (0.93±0.35) mm.Totally, 123 (19.1％) of the mandibular first premolars had a radicular groove, of which 94 (76.4％) had double root canals and the root canal systems included typesⅠ in 24 (19.5％), Ⅱ in 2 (1.6％), Ⅲ in 19 (15.4％), Ⅳ in 1 (0.8％), Ⅴ in 69 (56.1％), and Ⅶ in 3 (2.4％).Conclusion The root canal system of the mandibular first premolar has a significant variation.CBCT can reveal the complex anatomical structure of the mandibular first premolar and provide reliable evidence for the root canal treatment.

Background and purpose:The occurrence of endometrial cancer may be related to the persistent stimulus of endogenous and exogenous estrogen without progesterone antagonist. But how does estrogen regulate cell proliferation is still unknown. AKT pathway is the most important signal transduction way to mediate proliferation in the cells. The main aim was to study whether estradiol induces the expression of VEGF, bFGF and IL-8 in the endometrial cancer HEC-1A cells by activating AKT, and its effect on proliferation. Methods:Western blot was used to detect the expression of AKT protein in HEC-1A cells after estradiol stimulation, AKT inhibitor or ER inhibitor stimulation followed by estradiol. Real-time PCR and ELISA were used to detect the gene and protein expression of VEGF, bFGF and IL-8 in different inhibitors. Cell colony formation assay, lfow cytometry and CFSE assay were used to examine the proliferation in HEC-1A cells. Results:The expression of p-AKT protein in HEC-1A cells after stimulation with estradiol was markedly higher than that in the control group (P=0.006 2);the expression of p-AKT protein in AKT inhibitor group and ER inhibitor group were signiifcantly decreased than that in estradiol group (P=0.006 0, P=0.006 4). qPCR and ELISA showed the mRNA and protein expression of VEGF, bFGF, IL-8 in estradiol group were signiifcantly increased than that in control group (P<0.05);The expressions of VEGF, bFGF, IL-8 in AKT inhibitor group and ER inhibitor group were signiifcantly decreased than that in estradiol group (P<0.01). The abilities of proliferation and cell cycle were signiifcantly increased in HEC-1A cells after estradiol stimulation. Conclusion:Estrogen induces the production of VEGF, bFGF and IL-8 through activating AKT signal pathway.

Objective To establish a method for the content determination of naringin and hesperidin in Fructus Aurantii Immaturus.Methods HPLC was performed on the Merck-Lichrospher RP-C18 column(4.6?250 mm,5 ?m);CH3CN-H2O(23 ∶77) served as mobile phase and the detection wavelength was at 283 nm,the column temperature at 30 ℃and the flow rate being 1.0 mL/min.Results The content of naringin ranged from 4.65 to 12.50 mg/g and that of hesperidin from 1.60 to 6.75 mg/g.Conclusion This method is simple,sensitive,specific and can be used for the quality control of Fructus Aurantii Immaturus.

Objective To observe and compare the incidence rate of hemolysis while venous blood specimen collecting with two types of venous indwelling needle. To summarize the attentions during blood samples collecting by venous indwelling needle. Methods From January 2014 to January 2015, a total of 400 patients in resuscitation room of emergency department were divided into control group and experimental group by random digits table method with 200 cases each. Type Y indwelling needle was used in control group, while straight type indwelling needle was used in experimental group. Both two types of indwelling needle were required to be connected with the disposable venous blood taking needle joint for blood sample collection. The incidence rate of hemolysis was observed. Results The incidence rate of hemolysis in experimental group was lower than that in control group: 8.0%(16/200) vs. 39.5%(79/200),and there was significant difference, χ2=34.317, P < 0.01. Conclusions The incidence rate of hemolysis during venous blood specimen collecting with straight type indwelling needle is significantly lower than that with Y type indwelling needle. Straight type indwelling needle is worthy of clinical use.

Major breakthrough and challenge that encountered by modern western medicine were described in this article. Some standpoints about the necessity of innovative revolution for the development of traditional Chinese medicine, together with the key points should be bring to the attention during ideological emancipation have been put forward here. Chinese scientists agreed that it is the most appropriate timing for us to establish a new medicine system, which we named Holistic Systems Medicine (HSM). The concept and research contents of Holistic Systems Medicine were also introduced in this article. Finally, a proposal for setting up“China Holistic Systems Medicine development project” was proposed.