Turbidimetry was used to examine the inhibitory effect of Xanthoxyin on adenosine diphosphate (ADP)-, arachidic acid (AA )- and thrombin-induced platelet aggregation in rabbits. In-vitro experiment showed that Xanthoxyin 0.037,0.l85,0.924,9.240,92.40?mol. L -1 , can significantly inhibit ADP-, AA- and thrombin-induced platelet aggregation. The inhibition rates were 22.4%-70.l%,l5.3%-68.2% and 25.8%-74.6% respectively. In-vivo experiment showed that Xanthoxylin (ig. 5 mg/kg) cand also inhibited ADP-, AA-and throbin-induced platelet aggregations. The inhibition rates were 2l.0%,35.7%,50.9% and 32.7% in ADP-induced group,23.2%,46.3%,52.4% and 4l.6% in AA-induced group, and 26.7%, 44.5%,6l.6% and 54.2% in thrombin-induced group respectively l5,30, 60 and 90 minutes after ig. Xanthoxylin.

Objective To explore the early diagnostic values of serum alpha -fetoprotein (AFP),gamma -glutamyltransferase Ⅱ (GGTⅡ),and Golgi protein 73 (GP73)in patients with primary hepatocellular carcinoma (PHC).Methods The serum specimens of 100 pa-tients with liver diseases (50 cases of hepatitis and liver cirrhosis and 50 cases of PHC)and 50 healthy people were collected in our hospital from February 2013 to February 2014.Electrochemical luminescence technique,specific immuno -membrane adsorption assay,and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were used to measure the serum levels of AFP,GGTⅡ,and GP73.Comparison of continuous data between multiple groups was made by analysis of variance,and comparison between two groups was made by q test.The receiver operating character-istic (ROC)curves of single or combined test results were made,and the areas under the ROC curves (AUCs)were calculated.The sensi-tivity,specificity,and AUCs of AFP,GGTⅡ,GP73,and the combined test were analyzed and compared.Results The level of serum GGTⅡ in the PHC group was significantly different compared with those in the other two groups (F =16.224,P <0.05),but there was no significant difference between the normal group and the hepatitis and liver cirrhosis group (P >0.05).Significant differences in serum levels of AFP and GP73 were observed by paired comparison between the PHC group,hepatitis and liver cirrhosis group,and normal group (F =193.128,F =20.231,P <0.05 for both).When assayed alone,the specificities of GP73,GGTⅡ,and AFP were 69%,64% and 51%, respectively,and the sensitivities were 92%,84%,and 76%,respectively.In combined test,the specificity was 94.6% and the sensitivi-ty was 98.8%.Conclusion The GP73 test is the best performer in the single assays.Combined test of serum AFP,GGTⅡ,and GP73 shows a good diagnostic value for PHC with greatly improved specificity and sensitivity.

Inherited platelet function disorders(IPFD)is a rare hereditary disease characterized by various degrees of bleeding tendency with or without thrombocytopenia.Due to the lack of standardized evaluation system in laboratory test, the diagnosis and classification of IPFD are difficult.Thus, the incidence of IPFD may be underestimated.At present, combined with symptoms and laboratory tests, the second generation sequencing technology is conductive to the fast and accurate diagnosis of complex hemorrhagic diseases of this type and can prompt assessment and treatment.However, there still exists no effective targeted treatment for IPFD.This paper was aimed at introducing the diagnosis and treatment of IPFD.

Objective To analyze the etiology and prognosis of children with thrombocytopenia (TP) in pediatric intensive care unit (PICU). Methods The data of children with TP (exclusion of congenital and unknown TP) admitted to PICU of Anhui Provincial Children's Hospital from January 2008 to December 2017 was analyzed retrospectively. According to the age of onset, the children were divided into infantile group (29 days to less than 1 year), early childhood group (1 to less than 3 years), preschool group (3 to less than 6 years), school age group (6 to less than 10 years) and puberty group (more than 10 years). Moreover, according to the lowest platelet count (PLT), the children were divided into PLT≤20×109/L group, PLT (21-50)×109/L group and PLT > (50-100) ×109/L group. The distribution and mortality of TP were analyzed, and the relationship between age, PLT decrease and prognosis were analyzed by Pearson method. Results Among 6 725 children admitted to PICU in our hospital from January 2008 to December 2017, there were 683 children with TP, with the incidence of 10.2%. Among 683 children with TP, there were 387 males and 296 females, with the median age of 2.72 (0.61, 3.08) years, and 92 children died, with a total mortality of 13.5%. Analysis of primary disease showed that TP caused by non-hematological malignant tumor disease accounted for 73.9%, with the mortality of 11.1% (56/505). TP induced by hematological malignant tumor disease accounted for 21.4%, with the mortality of 24.7% (36/146). Pseudothrombocytopenia accounted for 0.6%, with the mortality of 0% (0/4). Other children who gave up treatment accounted for 4.1%. It was shown by further analysis that multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) caused by TP associated with non-hematological malignant tumor disease accounted for 26.9%, with the mortality of 15.4% (21/136). Sepsis, severe trauma, pneumonia, central nervous system infection and disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) accounted for 17.4%, 16.6%, 12.7%, 11.7% and 11.5%; with the mortality of 8.0% (7/88), 2.4% (2/84), 0% (0/64), 20.3% (12/59) and 24.1% (14/58), respectively. The main causes of TP associated with hematological malignant tumor disease were hemophagocytic syndrome [accounting for 27.4%, with the mortality of 32.5% (13/40)] and bone marrow inhibition [accounting for 21.2%, with the mortality of 25.8% (8/31)]. The younger were the children with TP, the higher would be the mortality. The mortality of infantile group was significantly higher than that of early childhood group, preschool group, school age group and puberty group [18.8% (53/282) vs. 14.0% (28/200), 6.7% (7/104), 4.3% (4/92), 0% (0/5), all P < 0.01]. The lower was the PLT, the higher would be the mortality. The mortality of PLT≤20×109/L group was significantly higher than that of PLT (21-50)×109/L group and PLT > (50-100)×109/L group [18.1% (39/215) vs. 13.0% (32/247), 9.5% (21/221), both P < 0.05]. It was shown by correlation analysis that there was no association between age and 28-day death time in children with TP (r = -0.037, P = 0.727), but PLT was positively correlated with 28-day death time in children with TP (r = 0.844, P = 0.010). Conclusions MODS, infection, sepsis, severe trauma and DIC are the common causes of TP in PICU. The younger are the children with TP, the lower is the PLT, and the worse would be the prognosis.

Objective To analyze plasma vitamin E and CoQ10 levels in patients with autosomal recessive cerebellar ataxia for finding the evidence of the related pathogenesis research and therapeutic strategies.Methods The plasma vitamin E and CoQ10 levels were detected by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with diode array detector in 123 probands of autosomal recessive cerebellar ataxia pedigrees.Quantitation was performed using vitamin E and CoQ10 external standard and two 5-point calibration curve;clinical manifestations were analyzed simuhaneously.Results Vitamin E and CoQ10 levels of healthy subjects in the plasma were (8.77 ± 2.28) μg/ml and (1.31 ± 0.38) μg/ml,respectively;the plasma vitamin E and CoQ10 levels of patients were (5.61 ± 2.04) μg/ml and (0.79 ± 0.26) μg/ml,respectively,which were significantly lower than those in healthy controls (t =11.87,13.15;all P＜ 0.01).Clinical manifestations were characterized by cerebellar symptoms,and gait instability was usually the first recognized abnormality.Most of early onset occurred before the age of 25 years (111/123);dysarthria and abnormal eye movement were observed,with cerebellar atrophy on MRI;concomitant symptoms were also present.Conclusions HPLC analysis shows that the plasma vitamin E and CoQ10 levels of patients with autosomal recessive cerebellar ataxia are generally lower than those in the healthy controls.Several patients with significant reductions in these two levels have genetic defects.The combination of clinical phenotypes,biochemical indexes and genetic analyses will be helpful for the establishment of diagnosis and specific treatment.

We used the Brucella data in Xinjiang between year 2009 to 2010 to explore and analyze the spatial clustering fea‐tures of brucellosis in Xinjiang ,and provided the basis for prevention and control on brucellosis in Xinjiang ,China .The time and population distribution of brucellosis in Xinjiang was analyzed for statistical analysis with descriptive epidemiology .Mean‐while ,we also used quartile classification methods to map the incidence of brucellosis in Xinjiang spatial distribution ,and calcu‐lated the Global Moran’s I index on the spatial clustering analysis .Results showed that brucellosis in Xinjiang had obvious sea‐sonal differences (peaked in May‐September) ,more cases for male than that for female (gender ratio‐‐2 .96∶1) ,and the total incidence of 74% were farmer and herdsman ,mainly concentrated at th e age of 40 to 60 years old .Compared with the onset range of brucellosis in 2009 ,there were clear tendency to spread in 2010 .The Global Moran’s I index was 0 .116 4 (P=0 .017) ,showing the spatial clustering on the incidence of brucellosis in Xinjiang .The incidence of hot spots concentrated in Tacheng and Altay ,and the incidence of cold spots concentrated in Kashi .The incidence level brucellosis has significant spatial aggregation in the area of Xinjiang ,which should be strengthened the prevention and control of high‐risk areas .

Objective To evaluate the therapeutic effects,acute and late side-effects of cisplatin plus 5-fluorouracil (PF) schemed chronomodulated chemotherapy combined with concurrent intensitymodulated radiotherapy(IMRT) for nasopharyngeal carcinoma.Methods A total of 48 nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients treated with chronomodulated chemotherapy plus concurrent IMRT were retrospectively studied.The radiation doses prescribed to the gross target volume GTVnx of nasopharyngeal,to the positive neck lymphnodes GTVnd,to the clinical target volume CTV1,and to CTV2 were 73.92-77.88,69.96,60.06-66.00 and 50.96-56.00 Gy respectively.The Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was used to calculate the local-regional progression-free rate.The acute and late side-effects were graded according to RTOG radiation morbidity scoring criteria.Results The complete remission (CR) rate was 41.6％(20/48) ; the partial remission (PR) rate was 47.9％ (23/48) ; the stable disease (SD) rate was 4.2％(2/48) ; and the local tumor control rate was 89.6％.Most of the patients had grade 1 to 2 acute side effects and grade 0 to 1 late side-effects.No grade 4 acute and late toxicity was observed.1,2,4-year survival rates were 93.8％,79.2％ and 64.5％,respectively.The DVH analysis showed that IMRT improved the total dose and dose per-fraction to the target volume with considerable dose reduction of the normal structures at the same time.Conclusions PF chronomodulated chemotherapy plus concurrent intensity-modulated radiotherapy for NPC could improve therapeutic effects with satisfactory tolerance of the side effects.

Objective To evaluate the clinical safety and feasibility of dual-axis rotational coronary angiography (XperSwing) in diagnosing coronary artery disease in aged Chinese patients through comparing it with standard coronary angiography. Methods During the period from April 2011 to December 2012, a total of consecutive 151 patients with an age ≥ 65 years underwent diagnostic coronary angiography at authors’ hospital. The patients were randomly divided into the standard angiography group (n = 75) and XperSwing group (n = 76). The used dose of contrast, radiation exposure dose and operation time of each patient were recorded. Besides, the occurrence of procedure-related symptoms and arrhythmia during the procedure was recorded, and the blood pressure (BP), heart rate (HR) and creatinine level immediately before-and-after the procedure were estimated. The number of additional acquisition needed to be performed was used to evaluate the efficacy of the two methods. Results Coronary angiography was successfully accomplished in all patients of the two groups, and no significant difference in the number of additional acquisition existed between the two groups (P > 0.05). The used dose of contrast in XperSwing group was reduced by 44% when compared with that in the standard angiography group, i.e. (29.28 ± 5.06) ml vs(22 755.97 ± 11 239.22) mGycm2, (P<0.001). No statistically significant differences in the occurrence of procedure-related symptoms and arrhythmia during the procedure, in the operation time as well as in the postoperative changes of BP and HR existed between the two groups (P > 0.05). No contrast- induced nephropathy occurred in both groups, although the difference in postoperative changes of creatinine level between the two groups was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion This study indicates that in diagnosing coronary artery disease in aged Chinese patients, dual-axis rotational coronary angiography is more safe and effective than conventional coronary angiography, as XperSwing can significantly reduce the contrast dose and radiation exposure for the patients.

Objective To study the pharmacokinetics difference of levofloxacin polymorphs in rats, evaluate the advantageous medical polymorph,and explore the effects of different polymorphs on clinical medicine. Methods Four crystal forms of levofloxacin were administered intragastrically to rats,and high performance liquid chromatography( HPLC)was used to measure the contents of levofloxacin in rat plasma. The pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated and compared Results After a single oral dose,the peak plasma concentration(Cmax)of crystal forms ofⅠ,Ⅱ,ⅢandⅣof levofloxacin was 6. 984,9. 692,9. 405,6.424 mg·L-1;the time to peak(tmax)was 0.6,0.9,1.0,1.0 h;the half-life(t1/2)was 4.207,2.97,4.857,1.695 h;theareaunderthecurve(AUC0→12h)was31.478,42.385,32.406,31.636mg·h·L-1. Conclusion Thereisnostatistically significant difference in pharmacokinetic parameters. However,compared with other crystal forms,plasma concentration of crystal form II is higher and maintained longer. Therefore,crystal form II of levofloxacin is an advantageous polymorph for medicine.

Abstract BACKGROUND: Large amounts of data have shown that Chinese herbal monomer has a neuroprotective effect, and can improve the quality of life in stroke patients with cerebral nervous system injury. Nuclear-factor-erythroid 2-related (Nrf2) factor has neuroprotective effect on hemorrhagic stroke and ischemic stroke, which is an important way to reverse the damage of nervous system through the natural non-toxic Chinese herbs or composition, but it is rarely reported systemicaly. OBJECTIVE:To summarize the neuroprotective effect of Chinese herbal monomersvia the Nrf2 signal pathway in stroke patients. METHODS:The first author retrieved the CNKI, VIP, Medline, and PubMed databases by computer. The keywords were “Nrf2, ARE, stroke, traditional Chinese medicine, neuroprotection” in Chinese and English,respectively. Articles concerning the neuroprotective role of Chinese herbal monomervia Nrf2 were analyzed and discussed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Totaly 85 articles were retrieved. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 46 articles were included in result analysis. The results show that a variety of monomers can exert neuroprotective effectsvia the Nrf2 pathway. Chinese herbal monomers include organic acids, phenols, saponins, terpenes, flavonoids, alkaloids, and other single or composite components. Traditional Chinese medicine has the clear neuroprotective effect after stroke, but it is lack of regularity, and it is stil need to expand the data and further research as the basis.