Cancer is a serious threat to human health with high morbidity and high mortality , using vitro tumor diagnostic reagents can improve the level of diagnosis and treatment.In order to develop the value of in vitro tumor diagnostic reagents in clinical use , this article would analyze “in vitro diagnostic reagents technical guidelines for clinical research” ,“in vitro diagnostic reagents registration” and other laws and regulations ,as well as the development of research in domestic and foreign.To discuss the clinical scheme design and development trend of in vitro tumor diagnostic reagents.

Objective To explore the value of Ligasure and Ultracision in total laparoscopic hysterectomy (TLH). Methods From January 2002 to December 2006,totally 225 patients received total laparoscopic hysterectomy in our hospital. Among the cases,Ligasure was used in 152 patients,and Ultracision were employed in 72. The clinical data of the patients were reviewed. Results The mean operation time in the Ligasure group was significantly shorter than that in the Ultracision group [(104.9?29.2) min vs. (152.4?46.6) min,t=-9.329,P=0.000]. And the mean blood loss of the Ligasure group was significantly less than that in the other group [(32.9?14.9) ml vs. (126.4?12.1) ml,t=-46.710,P=0.000]. In both the groups,no patient was converted to open surgery or developed complications or surgical injuries. Conclusions Both Ligasure and Ultracision are safe and effective for total laparoscopic hysterectomy. Ligasure is superior in the management of uterine vessels,while the Ultracision is more effective in opening the vesicle and separating the cardinal ligament.

Objective To establish a safe and effective method for obtaining fetus of rhesus monkey.Methods The pregnant process of rhesus monkey was monitored by B ultrasonography,and the pregnant rhesus monkeys in different stages of pregnant were randomly chosen.Mifepristone was subcutaneously injected to pregnant rhesus while misoprostol was put to their posterior fornix.The efficacy of this method was evaluated by the results of bishop score,the rate of pregnancy termination and the quality of total RNA extracted from brain samples of rhesus fetus.ResultsThe scores of bishop score and rates of fetus delivery of experiment group were both higher than that of control group(P

Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of laparoscopic operations of ovarian tumors in children.Methods A total of 24 children with ovarian tumors treated laparoscopically from January 2000 to March 2005 were studied.The laparoscopic operations(tumor enucleation or unilateral adnexectomy) were conducted under general anesthesia with endotracheal intubation.Electrocoagulation of the capsule was performed alongside the borderline of the lesion for tumors 5 cm in diameter.After blunt dissection of the tumor and capsule,the lesion was completely enucleated.Hemostasis of the residual cut surface was accomplished by using electrocoagulation,with no need of suture. For large ovarian cysts disturbing laparoscopic visualization,the aspiration of hydatid fluid was conducted before the enucleation.Results All the operations were successful completed under laparoscope,including 24 cases of tumor enucleation and 2 cases of unilateral adnexectomy.The operation time was 50?20 min,the amount of hemorrhage was 30?10 ml,and the postoperative hospital stay was 2~4 d.No surgical complications or wound infection occurred.Follow-up in the 24 cases for 1 year found no recurrence.Conclusions Laparoscopic operations for ovarian tumor in children is safe and effective.

Objective To explore the effect of analgesia management on the analgesic effect and the quality of delivery of labor analgesia. Methods The 80 cases were divided into two groups according to the odd number of labor analgesia, the control group without anesthesia nurse labor analgesia, only the anesthesiologist operation, given routine obstetric care. Anesthesia nursing group for labor analgesia by anesthesiologists and nurse by anesthesia on maternal perinatal period health education and pain management, pain score was compared between the two groups (at full dilatation), mode of delivery, postpartum hemorrhage, neonatal asphyxia. Results The total score of pain in the nursing group was 3.9±0.2, while that of the control group was 8.4±0.8, and the difference was statistically significant (t=-38.5872,P=0.000); anesthesia nursing group cesarean delivery, delivery, were 1 cases, 27 cases, 12 cases; the control group were 9 cases, 21 cases, 10 cases, the difference was statistically significant (χ2=7.31, P<0.05) ; the amount of bleedingof anesthesia nursing group (175.5±42.5) ml; the control group was (226.4±52.5) ml, the difference was statistically significant (t=8.621, P<0.05); the incidence of neonatal asphyxia anesthesia nursing group 1 cases (2.5%); the control group was 3 cases (7.5%), the difference was not statistically significant (χ2=0.263, P>0.05). Conclusions During the perinatal period, the labor management and nursing intervention of the parturient women with labor analgesia are significantly reduced, the cesarean section rate is significantly reduced, and the complication rate is reduced.

ObjectiveTo compare the therapeutic efficacy of acupuncture at Diji (SP8) versus acupuncture at Dijiand Guanyuan (CV4) in treating primary dysmenorrhea, for exploring the combination relation of the commonly-used acupoints in acupuncture treatment for primary dysmenorrhea.MethodForty patients with primary dysmenorrhea were randomized into a single acupoint group and a double acupoint group, 20 in each group. The single acupoint group was intervened by acupuncture at Diji, while the double acupoint group was by acupuncture at Diji and Guanyuan. The change of Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) score was observed and compared between the two groups.ResultThe changes of VAS score in the double acupoint group were more significant than that in the single acupoint group at each different time point.ConclusionAcupuncture at Diji alone and acupuncture at Diji and Guanyuan both can effectively treat primary dysmenorrhea; however, acupuncture at Diji and Guanyuan tends to produce a more significant effect than acupuncture at Diji alone; Diji and Guanyuan may work synergistically in acupuncture treatment for primary dysmenorrhea.

Sal-like 4 (SALL4) plays an important role in promoting the cellular proliferation and maintaining the pluripotency of embryonic stem cells and tumor cells.In fully differentiated cells,the expression of SALL4 is silenced or down-regulated.However,the expression of SALL4 is found to be restored or up-regulated in a variety of non-germ cell tumors.Besides,the expression of SALL4 is often associated with disease progression,treatment effect and prognosis.Therefore,examining the expression level of SALL4 will be of great importance in the diagnosis of disease and monitoring the disease progression for non-germ cell tumors.

Objective To observe any influence of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) treatment on the formation of glial scars,and to explore how HBO suppresses the inflammatory reaction to injury.Methods A total of 96 healthy,adult,male,Sprague-Dawley rats were used to model cerebral puncture injury.They were then randomized into a control group and a treatment group,with 48 rats in each group.The treatment group received HBO treatment,while the control group received no special treatment.At 1,3,7,14 and 28 days after the puncture injury,the rats' right brain tissues were harvested and immunohistochemical staining was employed to compare the changes in number of astrocytes and microglial cells around the injury in the two groups.The level of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and interleukin 1 β (IL-1β) in the cerebral tissue was examined using ELISA.Results Among the control group the average wound areas after 7,14 and 28 days were (2.73 ± 0.05)μm2,(3.42 ± 0.18)μm2 and (2.41 ± 0.09) μm2,a significant reduction after 28 days compared with 7 and 14 days.The corresponding average wound areas of rats in the treatment group were (2.78±0.12)μm2,(2.59 ±0.08)μm2 and (1.20 ±0.06)μm2.There the average wound area had decreased significantly after 14 days,and the further reduction after 28 days was also significant.The numbers of GFAP-positive astrocytes at 14 and 28 days had increased significantly compared with after 7 days in both the control group and the treatment group.The average number of GFAP-positive astrocytes in the control group at 28 days had decreased significantly compared with after 14 days.Compared with the control group at the same time points,the number of GFAP-positivc astrocytes in the treatment group was significantly less.After modeling,the number of ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule Ⅰ (Ibal)-positive microglial cells increased significantly,but there was a significant decrease in both the control and treatment groups by 7 days.The average number of Ibal-positive microglial cells in the treatment group was significantly less than in the control group at all of the time points.Compared with the first day after modeling,the TNF-α concentration of the controls at 3 and 7 days was significantly higher,but by the 7th day it was significantly lower than it had been after 3 days.The average IL-1β concentration in the control group and TNF-α concentration in the treatment group had increased by day 3,but then decreased by day 7.The IL-1β concentration of the treatment group declined gradually.The average TNF-α and IL-1 β concentrations of the treatment group were significantly lower than those of the control group at all of the time points.Conclusion HBO treatment has a relatively good curative effect on cerebral puncture injury.It can accelerate wound healing and reduce the formation of glial scars.Its mechanism could be related to the deactivation of astrocytes and microglia cells and reducing the levels of cell factors that promote inflammation.

Objective To investigate the effect of different pressures of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) treatment on neuropathic pain (NP) in rats.Methods Twenty-four healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 4 groups (n =6 each):sham operation group (group S),NP group,treatment with HBO at 2.0 atmosphere absolute group (group HBO2.0) and treatment with HBO at 2.5 atmosphere absolute group (group HBO2.5).The animals were anesthetized with intraperitoneal 5 ％ chloral hydrate 300 mg/kg.NP was induced by chronic constrictive injury.The left sciatic nerve was exposed and 4 loose ligatures were placed on the sciatic nerve at 1-mm intervals with 4-0 silk thread.After the rats were placed in the HBO chamber,the pressure was increased at a rate of 10 kPa/min until the desired pressure was reached,and then the pressure was maintained at this level for 60 min.The pressure was then decreased at a rate of 10 kPa/min until the normal pressure was reached.HBO treatment was performed once a day for 5 consecutive days starting from 1st day after operation in groups HBO2.0 and HBO2.5.While the rats were only placed in the HBO chamber and stayed for 100 min in groups S and NP.The mechanical paw withdrawal threshold (MWT) and thermal paw withdrawal latency (TWL) were measured at 0,1and 2 h after leaving the HBO chamber (T0.2).Results Compared with group S,MWT was significantly decreased and TWL was shortened in group NP (P ＜ 0.05).Compared with group NP,MWT was significantly increased and TWL prolonged at T1 during the treatment (P ＜ 0.05),while no significant change was found in MWT and TWL at T2 during the treatment in groups HBO2.0 and HBO2.5 (P ＞ 0.05).There was no significant difference in MWT and TWL at each time point during the treatment between groups HBO2.0 and HBO2.5 (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Treatment with different pressures of HBO can reduce NP in rats,but the change in pressure dose not affect the analgesic efficacy.

Objective To establish a new multiplex-PCR assay to improve the detection rate of mutations in the DMD gene in Chinese patients. Methods A retrospective review of DMD deletion spectrum of 355 DMD patients with deletions all over the gene was performed. All deletions were confirmed by " one-step approach" diagnostic procedure and MLPA analysis. The exons with high frequency of mutations were identified to constitute the amplification system and the PCR conditions were optimized. Results Two new multiplex-PCR assays were established. Assay one was used to detect 10 exons including exon 5, 8, 17, 44, 45, 47, 49, 50, 51 and 52 of DMD gene, in two PCR sets. The theoretical detection rate would be 92% (326/355). Assay two was used to detect 5 exons including exon 12, 19, 35, 43 and 54, which could be used to screen additional 5% (17/355) deletion cases. The method was validated in other 22 DMD patients. Multiplex-PCR results were completely identical to the MLPA results in all 22 DMD patients. Conclusions The two multiplex-PCR assays were established based on the analysis of 355 Chinese DMD patients with gene deletions. It is believed that the new approach would be more applicable for deletion detection on the Chinese DMD patients since the DMD cases involved were from the whole country.