OBJECTIVE:To establish an HPLC method for the determination of the contents of Decussatin,Bellidifodin,Methylswertianin and Swerchirin in Swertia macrosperma C.B.Clark.METHODS:The determination was performed on VP-ODS C18(150 mm? 4.60 mm,5 ? m),with the mobile phase consisting of methanol-water-phosphoric acid(70∶ 30∶ 0.4),the detection wavelength set at 254 nm,the flow rate at 1.0 mL? min-1 and the column temperature at 20℃.RESULTS:The calibration curves of Decussating,Bellidifodin,Methylswertianin and Swerchirin were in good linearity in the range of 0.172～ 0.86 ? g,0.224～ 1.344 ? g,0.144～ 0.72 ? g and 0.154～ 0.77? g,respectively.The average recoveries were 98.18%(RSD=1.19%),99.32%(1.52%),98.44%(1.23%)and 97.68%(1.57%),respectively.CONCLUSION:The method is rapid and precise,with accurate and reliable results.

AIM: To study the antioxidative effect of three kinds of xanthone:methylswertianin(MET), bellidifodin(BEL) and decussatin (DEC) extracted from Swertia macrosperma C.B. clark. METHODS: Hydroxy radical was generated from H_2O_2 and VC-Fe~ 2+ system; MDA contents in liver homogenate and mitochondria were measured by thiobabituric acid assay; the hemolysis of RBC and the swelling extent of mitochondria were detected by spectrophotometric methods. RESULTS: Xanthones could inhibit the generation of MDA, the hemolysis of RBC, and the swelling of mitochondria. The inhibitory effect of BEL was stronger than that of MET and DEC. CONCLUSION: Xanthones possess a good antioxidant activity.

Objective To evaluate the effect of 915 MHz microwave percutaneous coagulation of splenic artery injury in vivo experimental.Methods The manufacture model of the splenic artery injury were made and divided into two groups:group A (peripheral splenic artery injury) and group B (central type of splenic artery injury),915 MHz,2450 MHz microwave coagulation therapy and drug injections were performed under the guidance of ultrasound contrast.The hemostatic effect,operating time,total therapy time,amount of bleeding,amount of fluid infusion and histologic findings were compared.Results The treatment time of 915 MHz microwave[group A(4.65 ± 5.45),group B (9.38 ± 5.62) s] was less than those of 2450 MHz microwave[group A(86.36 ± 6.34) s,group B(127.72 ± 5.34) s] and drug injection [group A(128 ± 4.85)s,group B(182 ± 7.28)s],on the other hand,the amount of bleeding and fluid volume was less than that of rest methods.Conclusions Contrast-enhanced ultrasound guided 915 MHz microwave has significant hemostatic effect compared with the other two methods,915 MHz microwave percutaneous coagulation therapy has important significance to splenic artery injury in clinical.

Objective To explore the way of continuing education training of standardized management of community nurses in Tianjin.Methods A survey was conducted with self-designed questionnaires for 462 community nurses who attended the continuing education training,and behavioral event interview was carried out for 6 directors of district health bureau who participated in the continuing education.Results The acquirements and problems of continuing education training of standardized management in Tianjin community nurses were concluded from the data analysis.Conclusions It is necessary to give continuing education training of standardized management for Tianjin community nurses.We should improve the evaluation and feedback system,attach importance to management of teaching time and teaching manner.

ObjectiveTo observe the dynamic change of muscle tissue restoration after damaging at different observation time through acoustic radiation force impulse(ARFI).MethodsAccording to different observation time,16 healthy rabbits were randomly divided into four groups,including before injury,1 day after injury,7 day after injury,14 day after injury.A homemade gravity hammer was used to establish damage model of rabbit gastrocnemius,then applied ARFI to observe changes of virtual touch tissue quantification (VTQ) of gastrocnemius.All the rabbits were executed after measurement,then the pathological changes of muscle tissue were observed under microscope.Results The VTQ of damaged muscle group were significantly higher than that of nomal muscle group( P ＜0.01),and VTQ of 1 day,7day,14 day group after injuried had significant difference between two groups (P ＜ 0.01).Through pathological examination,normal musule fibers were continual and there were not swelling and bleeding.One days after injury,muscle fibers were fractured,swollen,bleeding and congestive.7 days after injury,large areas of muscle cells were necrotic,and amounts of calcium salt depositsed.14 days after injury,lots of fiber cells proliferated,and the deposits of calcium obviously reduced.The results of ultrasound elastography were consistent with these of pathological.ConclusionsARFI can direct,noninvasively evaluate the changes of muscle tissue restoration after different time of injury,and provide objective basis for diagnosis and treatment.

Objective To evaluate the hemostasis effect of 915 MHz microwave in the hepatic artery and portal vein injury in vivo dog liver.Methods After manufactured model of the hepatic artery and portal vein injury,915MHz microwave percutaneous coagulation therapy and drug injections were performed under the guidance of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS),the hemostatic effect,amount of bleeding and histologic findings were compared between the two groups.Results 915 MHz microwave coagulation had better hemostatic effect than drug injection,the amount of bleeding was significantly less than the injection method,and the pathological results showed that the vessel wall necrosis and surrounding tissue coagulation were more obvious than the injection.Conclusions CEUS guided 915 MHz microwave has a significant role in hemostasis,so the 915 MHz microwave percutaneous coagulation therapy of the hepatic artery and portal vein injury in vivo dog liver has important clinical auxiliary significance.

Objective To investigate CT and MRI imaging of Warthin tumor of parotid gland.Methods CT and MRI character-istics of 5 1 patients confirmed as Warthin tumor by operation and pathology were analyzed retrospectively.Results Among 5 1 cases, 43 patients were males,and 8 patients were females.A total of 84 lesions were found in all cases,20 cases had at least 2 lesions.The margins of lesions were well-defined.68 lesions were round or elliptical.45 lesions located in the posterior and inferior quadrant of the parotid gland completely or premodinantly.The density and signal of most lesions were homogeneous.The parenchymal area of most lesions showed an early moderate-remarkable enhancement.Small blood vessels surrounded the lesions in 1 9 cases.Conclusion CT and MRI are important and valuable for the diagnosis of Warthin tumor.

OBJECTIVE: To explore changes of olfactory and gustatory functions in patients with olfactory dysfunction. METHOD: The 284 study subjects included 92 healthy volunteers, 92 with hyposmia and 100 with functional anosmia. Their olfactory and gustatory functions were examined using T&T olfactometer, olfactory event-related potentials (OERPs) and triple drop method, respectively. RESULT: The T&T results showed that the difference between patients with hyposmia and functional anosmia and healthy subjects had statistical significance. The OERPs results showed that patients with olfactory dysfunction had N1 and P2 waves of prolonged latency and reduced amplitude when compared to healthy subjects with the difference of statistical significance. When compared to healthy subjects, patients with olfactory dysfunction had clear hypogeusia and the difference had statistical significance. There was no significant difference between female and male groups. CONCLUSION It is suggested that the apparently concomitant hypogeusia is in patients with olfactory dysfunction. Decreased of olfactory and gustatory function exhibited little or no relationship with gender. Combined examinations of OERPs, T&T and triple drop method, could make it possible to reflect the overall chemical sensory functions in subjects systematically and provide scientific evidence for clinical diagnosis and treatment early.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Ageusia ; diagnosis ; physiopathology ; Case-Control Studies ; Evoked Potentials ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Olfaction Disorders ; diagnosis ; physiopathology ; Smell ; Taste ; Young Adult

Fentanyl and fentanyl-related substances are a series of synthetic and powerful anesthetics represented by fentanyl. In recent years,the abuse and trafficking of these substances in many countries around the world are serious which poses a great threat to people"s health and social stability. This paper focuses on the abuse,pharmacological and toxicological action,detection methods and control of fentanyl and fentanyl-related substances and aims to enhance people"s understanding of their basic properties,current research and control so as to provide references for future research.

Staphylococcus utilizes vancomycin-resistance associated sensor/regulator ( VraSR) , a two-component signal transduction system ( TCS) , to sense and respond to cell wall damage and to adapt to environmental changes through regulating transcriptions of downstream genes. It has been indicated that VraSR can regulate the transcription of a series of genes involved in the synthesis of peptidoglycan, drug re-sistance, and virulence in Staphylococcus aureus ( S. aureus) . A similar two-component system, VraSR, is also present in Staphylococcus epidermidis ( S. epidermidis ) , sharing a high homology with the VraSR of S. aureus. Little is known about the functions of VraSR in S. epidermidis and it is not yet clear what the simi-larities and differences in resistance and pathogenicity are. Based on the previous work of our group, a brief review on the regulation mechanism of staphylococcal VraSR was performed.