BACKGROUND:The mycobacterium tuberculosis heat shock protein 10 exerts effects on the osteoclasts by in vitro mouse cranium experiment,
OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect and mechanism of recombinant mycobacterium tuberculosis heat shock protein 10 (CPN10) on the differentiation of osteoclasts in the in vitro culture system that induces osteoclast differentiation.
METHODHuman macrophage colony-stimulating factor-dependent adhesive blood mononuclear cells were divided into four groupreceptor activator for nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL)+CPN10 (1 mg/L), RANKL, CPN10 (1 mg/L), and negative control (complete culture medium). Monocytes were resuspended in a-MEM medium containing macrophage colony-stimulating factor, and were cultured in each group for 7, 14, 21 days. The morphology, quantity and bone resorption area of osteoclasts were examined by tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining. The expressions of NFATc1 and c-Fos gene and protein were also detected.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:In negative control group, no TRAP-positive multinucleated osteoclasts generated, while in the other groups, TRAP-positive multinucleated osteoclasts differentiated and formed the lacunae in the smal bone grinding. The number of osteoclasts formation and resorption in CPN10 group were significantly lower than that in RANKL+CPN10 group. The expression of NFATc1 and c-Fos in the negative control group C was significantly lower than that of RANKL+CPN10 group and CPN10 group. However, CPN10 expressed NFATc1 and c-Fos protein, which was significantly lower than RANKL+CPN10 group. CPN10 is involved in the formation of osteoclasts, and the mechanism is related with the upregulation of NFATc1, c-Fos expression.

Objective To observe effect of abdomen compression on improvement of anal exsufflation for patients after abdomen operation. Methods Patients in the department of general surgery( 120 cases )after abdomen operations were randomly divided into the experimental group and the control group with 60 cases in each group.The control group adopted routine postoperative nursing,The experimental group received abdomen compression baaed upon routine nursing. Anal exsufflation time was compared between the two groups. Sults Anal exsufflation time of the experimental group undergoing different operations was earlier than that of the control group(P < 0.01 ). Conclusions Abdomen compression can bring forward anal exsufflation time,fa-cilitate the recovery of gastrointestinal function and normal diet, thus improve the rehabilitation of patients

Objective To investigate the distribution and antibiotic resistance of pathogens isolated from inpatients with urinary tract infections.Methods A retrospective analysis was carried out on 1033 strains of pathogens isolated from urine culture in patients with urinary tract infections in Zhejiang Xiaoshan Hospital during January 2009 and December 2011.Urine specimens were cultured with Uricult,and K-B method was used for drug susceptibility test,WHONET 5.6 software was used to analyse drug susceptibility test.Results Among 1033 strains of pathogens,681 (65.9％) were gram-negative bacteria,197 (19.1％) were gram-positive bacteria,and 155 (15.0％) were fungi.The three most prevalent bacteria were Escherichia coli (402 strains,38.9％),Klebsiella pneumoniae (74 strains,7.2％) and Candida albicans (64 strains,6.2％).60.7％ (244/402) of Escherichia coli and 45.9％ (34/74) of Klebsiella pneumoniae were extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) positive.Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae were susceptible to imipenem,meropenem,cefoperazone/sulbactam,piperacillin/tazobactam and amikacin.Enterococcus and staphylococcus were susceptible to vancomycin,linezolid and furadantin.Candida was sensitive to flucytosine,voriconazole and amphotericin B.Conclusion Gram-negative bacteria mainly E.coli is the predominant pathogen to urinary tract infections in this group of patients.Regular analysis and monitoring of pathogen species and drug resistance is important for rational use of antibiotics.

BACKGROUND:Mycobacterium tuberculosis heat shock protein 10 (r-Mt cpn10) is one of the main factors that cause bone tuberculosis dissolution and absorption as wel as inhibits the proliferation of osteoblasts. Receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B ligand and osteoprotegerin are the important factors influencing bone metabolism.
OBJECTIVE:To observe the effect of r-Mt cpn10 on human osteoblast proliferation, alkaline phosphatase secretion, expression of receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B ligand mRNA and osteoprotegerin mRNA. METHODS:Human bone marrow stromal cel s were induced to differentiate into osteoblasts, and osteoblasts at passage 3 were cultured with various concentrations of r-Mt cpn10 (0.1, 1, 10 mg/L). Osteoblasts cultured without r-Mt CPN10 were assigned as controls.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:MTT assay results showed that, compared with control group, r-Mt cpn10 at different concentrations inhibited osteoblast proliferation and alkaline phosphatase secretion (P<0.05). RT-PCR analysis showed that, r-Mt cpn10 at different concentrations increased receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B ligand mRNA expression (P<0.01), and inhibited osteoprotegerin mRNA expression in a concentration-dependent manner (P<0.01). 10 mg/L r-Mt cpn10 exhibited the strongest effect (P<0.01). The r-Mt cpn10 can inhibit osteoblast proliferation and alkaline phosphatase activity, and it may influence bone metabolism by regulating the expression of receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B ligand mRNA and osteoprotegerin mRNA.

BACKGROUND:Many studies concern the comparison of posterior laminectomy and instrumented fusion and posterior laminoplasty for multilevel cervical spondylotic myelopathy, but the sample size of many studies has limitations. There is lack of objective evaluation on advantages and disadvantages of two surgical methods. OBJECTIVE:To compare the efficacy and safety of posterior laminectomy and instrumented fusion and laminoplasty in the treatment of multilevel cervical spondylotic myelopathy. METHODS:A systematic search of al the studies published was conducted on the PubMed, Cochrane Central, EMbase, the ISI Web of Knowledge Database, CMB, CNKI, VIP and Wanfang databases. Randomized and non-randomized control ed trials that compared between posterior laminectomy and instrumented fusion and laminoplasty for multilevel cervical spondylotic myelopathy were identified. Meta-analyses were performed in postoperative Japanese Orthopaedic Association scores, cervical range of motion, cervical curvature index, incidence of C5 nerve root paralysis and incidence of axial symptoms. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1) Fourteen studies involving 1 024 patients were included. Among the patients, 519 underwent laminectomy and instrumented fusion and 505 underwent laminoplasty. (2) The results of the meta-analysis indicated that, compared with laminectomy and instrumented fusion group, laminoplasty group had advantages of a lower incidence of C5 palsy [RR=2.24, 95%CI(1.33,3.75), Z=3.05, P<0.05] and smal degree of cervical rotation injury [SMD=-0.71, 95%CI(-2.21,-1.2), Z=6.63, P<0.05]. However, the two groups had no statistical difference in postoperative Japanese Orthopaedic Association score, cervical curvature index and the incidence of axial symptoms. (3) These results suggested that both laminectomy and instrumented fusion and laminoplasty were demonstrated to be effective for multilevel cervical spondylotic myelopathy. Laminoplasty had obvious advantages of decreasing the degree of cervical rotation injury and lowering incidence of C5 palsy. However, in the process of clinical diagnosis and treatment, the patient’s condition should be combined. The long-term clinical efficacy of the technology needs more clinical work to confirm.

Objective To evaluate effects of alimentary reconstruction procedures (integral continual jejunal interposition, Billroth Ⅱ and isolated jejunal interposition) after subtotal gastrectomy on postoperative plasma gastrin, motilin and cholecystokinin. Methods Twenty-four dogs were divided into 3 groups undergoing distal subtotal gastrectomy and three different digestive tract reconstruction (integral continual jejunal interposition, Billroth Ⅱ and isolated jejunal interposition). The concentration of plasma gastrin, motilin and cholecystokinin were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay before and after operation. Results Two months after operation, plasma gastrin level of the integral continual jejunal interposition group (2. 2 ±0. 7 ) ng/L, ( 3.9 ± 0. 8 ) ng/L was significantly lower than that of preoperative both in fasting and postprandial state (3.8 ± 1.0) ng/L, (5.3 ± 1.6) ng/L, all P ＜0.05, but was significantly higher than other two groups in postprandial state (2. 7 ± 1.0) ng/L, (3.6 ±0. 6) ng/L, P ＜0. 05. Two months after operation, plasma motilin concentration of integral continual jejunal interposition group (577 ±204) ng/L, (1003 ± 209) ng/L were significantly higher than that of preoperative both in fasting and postprandial (429 ± 128) ng/L, (854 ± 218 ) ng/L, P ＜ 0. 05. The postoperative plasma motilin of integral continual jejunal interposition group ( 1003 ± 209 ) ng/L was significantly higher than other two groups in postprandial state (840 ±205) ng/L, (986 ± 189) ng/L, P ＜0. 05. Two months after operation,plasma cholecystokinin concentration of integral continual jejunal interposition group ( 19.6 ± 2.0 ) ng/Lwere significantly higher than that of preoperative both in postprandial ( 19.0 ± 2. 0) ng/L, P ＜ 0. 05. The postoperative plasma cholecystokinin of integral continual jejunal interposition group ( 19. 6 ± 2. 0) ng/L was significantly lower than other two groups (22.2 ± 2. 1 ) ng/L, (20. 1 ± 2. 5 ) ng/L, P ＜ 0. 05. Conclusion Integral continual jejunal interposition after distal gastrectomy maintains the postoperative plasma motilin and gastrin in a relatively higher level and decreases the concentration of plasma cholecystokinin.

Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; pathology ; Perivascular Epithelioid Cell Neoplasms ; pathology

Objective:To extract rat brain microvascular endothelial cells(BMECs)using thin-layer cell culture method.Methods:The brain cortex of four-week-old SD rats was obtained,which was chopped,sieved,and digested with type II collagenase to obtain microvascular segments.The amount of culture medium was strictly controlled,and it was inoculated into culture flasks for primary culture.The target cells were morphologically observed by using an invert-ed phase contrast microscope,and the factor Ⅷ related antigen(FⅧRag)was identified by using immunocytochemi-cal staining.Results:The target cells cultured in the inverted phase contrast microscope showed typical endothelial-like monolayer cobble stone-like mosaic growth;FⅧRag positive cells accounted for more than 99％of the total cells.Conclusion:Thin-layer cell culture method can successfully isolate and cultivate high-purity rat BMECs.

Objective: To research the change of PR interval shortening in ECG examination in different periods of pregnancy. Methods: From March 2016 to August 2016, 616 pregnant women who underwent maternity examinations in the Women and Children's Hospital of Ningbo were selected in this study.According to the different gestational periods, they were divided into the early pregnancy group (198 cases), the mid-pregnancy group (232 cases) and the late pregnancy group (186 cases). And another 241 non-pregnant women who underwent health examination in our hospital during the same period were selected as controls.All pregnant and non-pregnant women were examined by electrocardiogram, and the results of electrocardiogram were analyzed.The average heart rate, the average PR interval and the shortened ratio of PR interval were compared between the two groups of women and women with different pregnancy periods, and the short PR interval distribution of women in different pregnancy periods was observed. Results: The average heart rate level, PR interval and PR interval shortening ratio of pregnant women and non-pregnant women were (76.55±7.81)times/min, (0.096±0.008)s, 12.66% and (72.56±6.49)times/min, (0.138±0.014)s, 4.98%, respectively.The average heart rate and the shortening ratio of PR interval in pregnant women were significantly higher than those in non-pregnant women, while the average PR interval in pregnant women was significantly lower than that in non-pregnant women, the differences were statistically significant (t=7.565, χ²=10.879, t=52.672, all P<0.05). With the increase of pregnancy cycle, the shorter the average heart rate and PR interval of pregnant women, the shorter the average PR interval.The average heart rate, PR interval and PR interval shortening ratio in the early pregnancy group, the mid-pregnancy group and the late pregnancy group were (75.41±6.65)times/min, (0.103±0.010)s, 8.59% and (77.03±7.12)times/min, (0.095±0.009)s, 11.21% and (79.74±8.43)times/min, (0.088±0.008)s, 18.82%, respectively.There were statistically significant differences among the three groups(t=16.720, 116.440, χ²=9.791, all P<0.05). Conclusion Pregnancy women are prone to have shorten PR interval, and its incidence increases with the increase of pregnancy cycle, but in most cases belongs to benign electrophysiological changes, and the prognosis is good without special treatment.It is of great significance for clinical diagnosis and treatment to reduce the outcome of bad pregnancy by observing the shortening of the PR interval of electrocardiogram during the pregnancy.

ObjectiveTo investigate the Alzheimer-associated neurofilament protein （AD7c-NTP） in urine of middle-aged and elderly people and its correlation between common metabolites. MethodsA total of 1 150 middle-aged and elderly people who did their physical exmanination in the health examination center of the Sichuan Science City Hospital and the Third Hopital of Mianyang were recruited from March 2017 to March 2020. The level of urine AD7c-NTP were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）， and common metabolites in blood were measured by biochemical analyzer. Based on urine AD7c-NTP level ≤1.5 ng/mL， the objects was divided into normal group （n=956） and elevated group （n=194）. Thier demographic data and blood biochemical indicators were collected. ResultsThe urine AD7c-NTP level in middle-aged and elderly people was 0.60（0.30~1.20） ng/mL. The urine AD7c-NTP level was higher in women than that in men ［1.04（0.40~1.30） ng/mL vs. 0.84（0.30~1.00） ng/mL， Z=4.202， P˂0.01］. And the urine AD7c-NTP level was lower in the normal group than that in the elevated group ［0.50（0.30~0.90） ng/mL vs. 2.10（1.70~2.10） ng/mL， Z=22.035， P˂0.01］. The results of the univariate comparison showed that， the differences between the two groups in age （Z=6.545）， fasting glucose （Z=3.506）， blood uric acid （Z=2.574）， urea nitrogen （Z=2.891）， creatinine （Z=2.243）， total bilirubin （Z=3.936）， glutathione （Z=0.969）， total cholesterol （t=3.956） and low density lipoprotein （Z=-5.678） were were statistically significant （P˂0.05 or 0.01）. Spearman correlation analysis showed that， the urine AD7c-NTP level was positively correlated with age and the levels of urea nitrogen， glucose， total cholesterol and low density lipoprotein （r=0.177， 0.178， 0.171， 0.109， 0.149， P˂0.01）， and negatively correlated with the level of total bilirubin （r=-0.172， P˂0.01）. Conclusionthe urine AD7c-NTP level in middle-aged and elderly females was signifitcantly higher than in middle-aged and elderly males.The urine AD7c-NTP level of middle-aged and elderly people was positively correlated with age， urea nitrogen， glucose， total cholesterol and low density lipoprotein， and negatively correlated with total bilirubin.