The strain and transversal area of human anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) were investigated in 30 samples of the knee joint. The length of ACL changes with movement of the knee. The maximum strain and extension are 19.42％ and 4.65mm respectively. The mean transversal area of the ACL is 39.95?10.22mm~2. The resuults of the investigation provide morphological data for reparation and reconstruction of the ACL in clinic.

Objectives To evaluate the inhibitory effect of low dose glucocorticoid on progression of radiological damage in rheumatoid arthritis by systematic review.MethodsA search of MEDLINE (from 1966 to April 2010),Embase(from 1966 to April 2010),Cochrane Library(2 Issue,2010),CBM disc,CNKI,WANFANG and VIP Database was undertaken to collect randomized controlled trials published before April 2010 based on the Cochrane Collaboration recommendations.Additional reports were identified from the reference lists.Statistical analysis was performed with RevMan 5.0 software.ResultsEleven studies that met the inclusion criteria,in which 1395 patients,were included.Meta-analysis showed that the standardised mean difference in progression was 0.40 (95％CI 0.27～0.54 ) in favour of glucocorticoids over the first year.In studies that lasted for 2 years,the standardised mean difference in progression in favour of glucocorticoids at 1 year was -0.39[95％CI(-0.50～-0.27)] and was -0.73[95％CI(-1.29～-0.16)] at 2 years.All studies except one showed benefit of glucocorticoids treatment.ConclusionsThe results of this study has shown that low dose glucocorticoids can substantially reduce the progression rate of erosion in rheumatoid arthritis.

Objective To investigate the main origin of IL-6 during acute rejection of renal transplantation and provide the experimental foundations for expounding the molecular pathogenic mechanism of acute rejective reaction of renal transplantation Methods 3'IL-6 probe with in situ hybridization technique was used to detect the IL-6mRNA expression in renal graft. Results (1) Renal graft expression of IL-6mKNA in acute rejection was higher than that in CsA toxicosis, stable transplantation and normal control. (2) Expression of IL-6mRNA in tubular epithe-lium of acute rejection graft was higher than that in glomerular cells ,vascular endotheli-um and interstitium. (3) The expression of IL-6mRNA in renal graft of CsA toxicosis was similar with that in stable transplantation and normal control. Conclusion Renal graft cells may produce IL-6 directly during acute rejection. The abnormal expression and activation of IL-6 in renal graft may play an important role in the mechanism of renal acute rejection. Graft tubular epithelium may play a more important role in the cause of immunorejection.

Objective To investigate the association between the single nucleotide polymorphisms of interleukin-27 (IL-27) gene and susceptibility to systematic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in Guangxi Zhuang population. Methods In total, 135 patients with SLE and 150 age- and sex-matched human controls of Zhuang nationality were recruited in this study. PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis and DNA sequencing were performed to analyze the IL-27 gene -964 A/G and -2905 T/G polymorphisms.Results Significant differences were observed in the distribution of IL-27 gene -964 A/G polymorphism (x2 =9.88, P ＜ 0.01 ). The relative risk for SLE in carriers of G allele at position 964 of IL-27 gene was 1.725 times that in carriers of A allele at this position (OR = 1.725,95% CI: 1.227 - 2.425). A significant increase was observed in the frequency of 964G/2905G alleles of IL-27 gene in patients with SLE compared with the controls (10.7% vs. 5.3%, P ＜ 0.01 ), and the 964G/2905G alleles were associated with a significantly increased risk for SLE (OR = 2.351, 95% CI: 1.228 - 4.501 ). Conclusions The IL-27 gene -964 A/G polymorphism is associated with the development of SLE, and the -964 G allele may increase the genetic susceptibility to SLE.

OBJECTIVE: To study the activities of matrine and anti-tumor drugs on SPCA/I human lung adenocarcinoma cell line. METHODS: Suppression effects of different concentrations of matrine and matrine combined with anti-tumor drugs on lung cancer cells were measured by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) colorimetric assay. RESULTS: Different concentrations of matrine could inhibit the growth of SPCA/I human lung adenocarcinoma cells and there was a positive correlation between the inhibition rate and the drug concentration. Different concentrations of matrine combined with anti-tumor drugs had higher growth inhibition rate than anti-tumor drugs alone. CONCLUSION: Matrine has direct growth suppression effect on SPCA/I human lung adenocarcinoma cells and matrine combined with anti-tumor drugs shows a significant synergistic effect on tumor cells.

Objective To explore the association of CD40 gene single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and haplotypes with the susceptibility to systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE),as well as the association of serum levels and genotypes of CD40 with the occurrence of SLE.Methods A multiplex PCR single-base extension assay (PCR-SBE) and DNA sequencing were performed to analyze 4 SNPs of the CD40 gene,including rs1883832 C/T,rs13040307 C/T,rs752118 C/T and rs3765459 G/A,in 205 patients with SLE (SLE group) and 220 healthy human controls (control group).Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was conducted to measure serum levels of CD40 in these subjects.Results Compared with the control group,the SLE group showed significantly increased serum levels of CD40 (P ＜ 0.05).There were significant differences in genotype and allele frequencies of the SNP rs1883832 C/T in the CD40 gene between the SLE group and control group (all P＜ 0.01).Relative risk analysis showed that the risk of developing SLE in rs1883832 T allele carriers was 1.517 times that in rs1883832 C allele carriers (OR =1.517,95％ CI:1.157-1.990,P=0.003).Moreover,serum levels of CD40 were significantly higher in rs1883832 T allele carriers than in rs1883832 C allele carriers (P ＜ 0.01).The risk of developing SLE was significantly increased in TCCA haplotype carriers compared with the healthy controls (OR =2.322,95％ CI:1.181-4.564,P=0.012).Conclusion The CD40 gene rs1883832 C/T polymorphism and its TCCA haplotype were both associated with the occurrence of SLE,and the rs1883832 T allele may be a gene predisposing to SLE.

Objective To study the effects of the rehabilitation robot-assisted task-oriented training on the hand function in patients after stroke. Methods From June, 2015 to September, 2016, 35 inpatients suffering from stroke were randomly allocated to control group (n=17) and trial group (n=18). Based on the routine rehabilitation, the trial group accepted robot-assisted task-oriented training, while the control group accepted therapist-assisted task-oriented training, for two weeks. They were measured the active range of motion (AROM) of fingers, assessed with fingers motor of Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA) and modified Barthel Index (MBI) invovled with hands before and after train-ing. Results The inpatients dropped three in the control group, two in the trial group. AROM of extension and flexion of all the fingers, the AROM of extension and total of three fingers of thumb, index and middle, and the total AROM of each finger improved in the trial group af-ter training (t>2.937, P<0.05), while the AROM of extension and flexion of all the fingers, AROM of extension, flexion and total of the fin-gers of thumb, index and middle, total AROM of the fingers of thumb, index and little improved in the control group after training (t>2.528, P<0.05);the AROM of extension and total of the fingers of thumb, index and middle, and the total AROM of fingers of thumb and index im-proved more in the trial group than in the control group (t>2.535, P<0.05). The scores of mass flexion, mass extension, opposition, cylinder grip, spherical grip and total score of FMA improved in the trial group after training (Z>2.000, P<0.05), while the scores of mass extension, opposition and the total score of FMA improved in the control group after training (Z>2.000, P<0.05). There was no significant difference between the two groups on the items and total scores after training (P>0.05). The scores of feeding, dressing, toilet transfers, bathing, groom-ing of MBI and the total score of them improved in the trial group after training (Z>2.041, P<0.05), while the total score of MBI improved in the control group after training (Z=-2.527, P<0.05). There was no significant difference between the two groups in the items and total scores after training (P>0.05). Conclusion The rehabilitation robot-assisted task-oriented training can improve AROM of hemiplegic fingers and grip function.

OBJECTIVETo study the role of connexin gene (Cx43) in the suppression of C6 glioma.

METHODSCx43 gene depleted parental C6 rats (control group) and C6 cells transfected with Cx43 cDNA (transfection group) were implanted into the right caudate nucleus of SD rats. Rats bearing cerebral C6 gliomas were treated with Cx43 cDNA (treatment group) with another group treated with empty vector (empty vector group) serving as control. The general manifestation, survival time, MRI dynamic scanning and histopathological changes in all rats were observed. Cx43 mRNA and its protein were examined by in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry. Proliferation activity was monitored by the average number of AgNOR stain. Cell apoptosis was examined by the Tolt-mediated x-duTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) method.

RESULTSAll rats in the control and empty vector groups died of cerebral glioma within 3 weeks after implantation of C6 cells. Six in the transfection group and 8 in the treatment group were alive beyond 120 days with complete disappearance of the tumor foci, except one in this group having some residue of tumor. In the glioma of transfection and treatment groups, Cx43 gene expression was up-regulated, proliferation activity reduced while the apoptotic cells did not increase.

CONCLUSIONThe development of glioma is greatly suppressed by the transfection of Cx43 gene, which has great effectiveness in rats bearing cerebral malignant gliomas. This could become a target of choice in the gene treatment of malignant gliomas.

Animals ; Brain Neoplasms ; mortality ; therapy ; Connexin 43 ; genetics ; therapeutic use ; Disease Models, Animal ; Genetic Therapy ; Glioma ; mortality ; therapy ; Male ; Neoplasm Transplantation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Treatment Outcome

Objective To observe the effect of high frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation ( rTMS) on executive function in patients after stroke .Methods Thirty-six stroke patients with executive dysfunction in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University from March 2016 to April 2017 were randomly divided into experimental group ( n=18 ) and control group ( n=18 ) .The experimental group received 10 Hz rTMS of the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex ( DLPFC ) and cognitive functional training , while the control group received sham rTMS and cognitive functional training , for four weeks.Mini-Mental State Examination(MMSE), Wisconsin Card Classification Test(WCST), Digit Symbol Test( DST) and Digital Span ( DS) were used for cognitive assessment at baseline and therapy completed . Results After a four weeks therapy , the total number of responses showed no significant difference in WCST between two groups.But the control group after treatment showed that MMSE score (17.44 ±4.73) and DST score (4.50 (2.75, 8.25)) were improved compared with that before treatment (MMSE score 15.28 ±4.61, t=-8.371, P=0.000;DST score 4.00 (2.75, 7.25), Z=-2.122, P=0.049), and the DS score and the numbers of correction , classification and continuous errors of WCST showed no significant difference compared with that before treatment .The experimental group after treatment showed that MMSE score (20.67 ±4.59), DST score (7.50(4.75, 12.50)), DS score (recite in order 7.00 (7.00, 8.00), recite in reverse order 3.00 (2.00, 4.00)), the numbers of correction of WCST (24.61 ± 8.30), the numbers of continuous errors (12.17 ±5.08), the numbers of classification (2.00 (2.00, 3.00) were improved compared with that before treatment ( MMSE score 15.50 ±5.24, t=-21.013, P=0.000;DST score 3.00(1.00, 7.00), Z=-3.757, P=0.000; DS score recited in order 6.00(5.00, 6.00), Z=-3.703, P=0.000;DS score recited in reverse order 2.00(1.00, 3.00), Z=-3.494, P=0.000;The numbers of correction of WCST (16.50 ±9.34), t=-6.544, P=0.000); The numbers of continuous errors (18.06 ±5.63, t=9.744, P=0.000); The numbers of classification (1.00 (1.00, 2.00), Z=-3.900, P=0.000 ).And the curative effect was better than that of control group . Conclusion High frequency rTMS combined with cognitive function training can improve the executive dysfunction of stroke patients , and the improvement is better than cognitive functional training alone .

The standardization of pediatric Tuina is beneficial to pediatric Tuina practitioners in a norm practices. The paper collects the content from teaching textbooks, TCM ancient books and database literature, and tries to develop the technical specifications of pediatric Tuina by four rounds Delphi surveys and expert consensus. This specification covers the manipulation of pediatric Tuina, the position of acupoints, the effects of acupoints and the diagnosis and treatment of pediatric Tuina, including indications, contraindications, cautious use, operation steps and methods.