Objective To improve outpatient medical care. Methods A sample survey was conducted into 1716 outpatients during 6 days in October of 2004 using questionnaires that covered such items as the patients' choice of hospitals, their choice of doctors, their medical needs and their needs for continuous services. Results The medical needs of the patients, regardless of gender, age, and form of payment (personal payment, medical insurance or treatment at public expenses), are, in terms of urgency, disease relief, safety, respect, service, and the right to be informed. Ranking first in the needs for continuous medical services is medical appointments, with telephone follow-ups coming next. Conclusion Outpatients have diversified medical needs and hospitals ought to attach importance to relieving patients from disease, ensuring medical safety, respecting patients, improving services, bettering continuous medical services, and satisfying the needs of patients at different levels.

Objective To learn the investigators′ satisfaction with CRCs and to identify the shortcomings with the CRC industry or institutional management for improvement. Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among 120 clinical trial investigators at three tertiary general hospitals in January 2018. The questionnaire covered the basics, satisfaction with CRC, and comments of the investigator on other works of the CRC. The data acquired were subject to descriptive analysis, and the count data comparison method was Fisher precise test. Results The investigators were satisfied with CRCs in general. Specifically, their satisfaction with the " sense of responsibility" , " work hours" , and " command of GCP protocols"ranged 72.6% to 83.2% . That with " initiative" , " work stability" , and " rich clinical trial experience" fell below 60.0%. Affiliation of CRCs was correlated to "initiative"(P=0.007), and "command of clinical trial schemes and trial procedures" ( P =0.043), while investigators′ satisfaction with CRCs of uncertain affiliation fell significantly. Investigators′ experience was correlated to the " command of GCP protocols" of CRCs(P=0.035 ), as the more experienced the investigator, the less their satisfaction with the CRC. Conclusions Hospitals are expected to build a CRC standardized training system and hierarchical certification system; to standardize their CRC recruitment mechanism for overall management; to enhance their budgeting capability for sufficient CRC expenses, higher investigator efficiency and assured clinical trial quality.

Objective To understand the current situation of education and management of research integrity in hospitals,medical colleges and medical research institutes.Methods A questionnaire survey and data analysis were conducted among 115 management personnel of scientific research and education management departments in 40 hospitals,medical colleges and medical research institutes.Results 69.57％ of the management personnel showed their institutions were able to offer courses related to academic norms or research integrity,71.30％ of the management personnel showed their institutions have formulated punishment regulations related to violating academic integrity or ethics,and 59.13％ of the management personnel showed their institutions were able to take the initiative to impose punishment measures after identification research misconduct,more than50％ of the management personnel agree it is very necessary to promulgate corresponding rules and regulations,establish research integrity files,implement the one-vote veto system for those who seriously violate research integrity,and carry out research integrity education/academic ethics training/normative education among researchers,more than 70％ of the management personnel believe that system constraints,integrity education,increasing penalties,clear responsibilities,supervision and whistleblowing can reasonably and effectively prevent violations of research integrity.Conclusions The education and management of research integrity in hospitals,medical colleges and medical research institutes need to be improved.We should further strengthen the education,training and dissemination of research integrity,improve the cognitive level and self-discipline awareness of research integrity,formulate and improve relevant management systems,supervisory and disciplinary mechanisms.Then,we should purify academic atmosphere and create a good academic atmosphere.

Objective:To build a comprehensive medical, teaching, and research discipline indicators system that is objective and easily accessible in data, and to develop a comprehensive evaluation method, at the same time provide references for discipline evaluation and orientation.Methods:Literature review was used in referring to the evaluation indicators of different ranking systems in China, Delphi method and Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP) were applied to identify the indicators and their weight.Results:A comprehensive discipline evaluation indicator system, including 3 first-level indicators, 12 second-level indicators, and 41 third-level indicators, were constructed. The Cartesian coordinates allows for specifying the location of the medical, teaching, research level of certain discipline, and the distribution of relevant discipline groups in three-dimensional space.Conclusions:The indicators system for discipline evaluation in this study has the characteristics of refinedness, comprehensiveness, operability, and applicability, providing references for the future evaluation of disciplines.