Randomized trials have demonstrated a benefit from neoadjuvant chemotherapy in gastric cancer.However the optimal approach in individual patients is not clear.There are differences in the chemical drug sensitivities of individual patients.This scenario demands the development of methods to predict response to neoadjuvant therapy.This paper reviews the relevant research progress.Published results are as follows:histological characteristics and histopathological response corelate with survival,traditional imaging needs improvement and integration to increase the accuracy,while PET holds advantage in early selection of patients without response,and existing candidate biomarkers need to bc properly qualified.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of reduced ghtathione (GSH) pretreatment on inflammatory factors and oxygen free radical in patients during one-lung ventilation (OLV).MethodsThirty patients with lung cancer undergoing lung resection were divided into GSH group(15 cases) and control group ( 15 cases) by random digits table.In GSH group,GSH 30 mg/kg in normal saline 100 ml was infused after induction of anesthesia before OLV,while in control group equal volume of normal saline was infused instead of GSH.Blood samples were collected before induction of anesthesia (T0) and at 30 min(T1),60 min (T2) of OLV and 60 min of two-lung ventilation (T3) and at 2 h after operation(T4) for determination of serum tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-α,interleukin(IL)-8 and malonaldehyde(MDA) concentrations and superoxide dismutase(SOD) activity.ResultsThe serum MDA concentrations at T2-T4 were higher than those at T0 in two groups (P＜ 0.05) [GSH group:(3.5 ± 0.6),(3.8 ± 0.8),(4.7 ± 1.1 ),(6.1 ± 1.2),(6.4 ± 0.9) mol/L at T0-T4;control group:(3.7 ±0.5),(4.1 ±0.6),(5.9 ± 1.2),(7.4 ± 1.0),(7.8 ± 1.1) mol/L at T0-T4],but GSH group was lower than control group(P＜ 0.05 ).The serum SOD activity at T2-T4 was lower than that at T0 in control group (P＜ 0.05),and lower than GSH group(P＜ 0.05).The serum TNF-α,IL-8 concentrations at T1-T4 were higher those that at T0 in two groups(P ＜ 0.05 ),the serum TNF- α concentrations at T2-T4 and IL-8 concentrations at T1-T4 in GSH group were lower than those in control group (P ＜0.05).Conclusion Pretreatment with GSH 30 mg/kg can decrease inflammatory response and lipid peroxidation during OLV.

Pancreastatin, a novel peptide isolated from porcine pancreas, is capable of inhibiting the insulin release and the exocrine secretion of the pancreas. In this study, the localization and distribution of pancreastatin in guinea pig, pig and human pancreas were investigated with ABC immunostaining method combined with the glucose oxidase-DAB-nickle developing technique on paraffin sections. The results showed that in human pancreas pancreastatin-like immunoreactive(PLI)cells were mainly dist- ributed in the periphery of the islets. While in guinea pig and pig pancreas, the majority of islets cells showed positive pancreastatin immunostaining. The coexistence of pancreastatin and insulin in the pancreatic islets of guinea pig and pig were also proved with immunostaining of adjacent thin sections. PLI-cells were also found in the epithelium of the ducts and acini of all investigated pancreas. However, in the exocrine portion of human and pig pancreas, PLI-cells were present in amounts smaller than those found in guinea pig pancreas. The significance of the distribution pattern of pancreastatin was discussed.

Objective The aim of this study was to observe the growth difference and expression of cytochrome C of skin hair follicles in neonatal mice .Methods The morphology of different skin hair follicles of neonatal mice ( postnatal day 1-9)were observed by HE staining histology and cytochrome C was detected by immunohistochemistry .Results The skin hair follicles in different parts of neonatal mice showed differences not only in morphology but also in developmental pe -riods.Hair follicle growth in the back and tail skin had a nonlinear and growing period .After the nonlinear and growing pe-riod they began to grow rapidly .The tail development was slightly slower than that on the back .The hair follicles of vibris-sae were very special , and started to develop without a stable period .Conclusions The results of morphological observa-tion and cytochrome C immunohistochemistry demonstrate that differences exist in the hair follicle morphology and develop -mental times in the skin of different parts of the body in neonatal mice .

Objective To examine the localization of neurokinin B receptor (NK3)\|like immunoreactivity (\|LI) in the central nervous system of the mouse. Methods An immunohistochemcial staining method was used. Results NK3 receptor\|LI was localized in somatic and dendritic profiles in the most parts and in neuropil in a few regions of the mouse central nervous system. A large number of neurons with NK3\|LI was seen in the anterior olfactory nuclei, accumbens nucleus, septal area, ventral pallidum, pallidum, caudate putamen, nucleus of the stria terminalis, anterior hypothalamic area, tuber cincreum area, lateral hypothalamic area, perifornical nucleus, supraoptic nucleus, arcuate nucleus, mammillar nuclei, substatia nigra, ventral tegmental area, retrorubral area, superior and inferior colliculus, periaqueductal gray, nucleus of the solitary tract, and superficial layers of the medullary and spinal dorsal horns. The superfical layers of the cerebral cortex, piriform cortex, dorsal hippocampus, amygdal complex, reticular formation of the brainstem contained some neurons with NK3 receptor\|LI. In the ventral hippocampus, median and intralaminar nuclei of the thalamus and interpeduncular nuclei, NKR\|LI was localized in neuropil. Conclusion\ Neurons with NK3 receptor\|LI were widely distributed in the central nervous system. It may be involved in many physiological functions in the central nervous system of the mouse.\;[

Objective To study the localization of Smad 2 and Smad 4 proteins, which are intracellular signaling molecules of transforming growth factor ? family in adult rat testis. Method Immunohistochemical ABC method with glucose oxidase DAB nickel enhancement technique was used in the present study. Results Smad 2 immunoreactivity was mainly located in the spermatogonia, spermatocytes, spermatids, Sertoli cells in the seminiferous tubule and Leydig cells in the interstitial tissue. The reactive substance distributes in cytoplasm with negative nuclei. While Smad 4 is mainly expressed in cytoplasm of Leydig cells, and Sertoli cells is weak stained. Conclusion Our findings of Smad 2 expression in spermatogenic cells and Smad 4 expression in Leydig cells provide direct evidence for the molecular mechanism of TGF ? action during spermatogenesis.

Objective To discuss the effect of cheiloplasty we designed an improved Black procedure that with microsurgical technique the tissue from lateral lips on the bilateral cleft lip were used to reconstruct the skin of anterior lip and the vermilion tubercle. Methods 36 cases of congenital bilateral complete cleft lip deformity were repaired through improved Black procedure and microsurgical method, including 19 patients with very short prolabium tissue, repairing insufficient skin and vermilion tubercle tissue by fissure lateral lip tissue. Results Following-up for 3 months to 3 years after treatment showed that 36 patients were with normal and symmetrical high of anterior lips, the chubby vermilion tubercles, the natural morphous of labial archs, the appropriate strength of labrums and the vermilion tubercles and lips without color difference, and the effects were satisfactory. Conclusion The improved Black procedure redeems the shortages of traditional Black procedure for the case with bilateralcomplete cleft lip and smaller anterior lip, such as the deficient height of anterior lips, eclabium and inadequate vermilion tubercles. By applying microsurgical technique, the procedure gives better upper lip function and aesthetic effect, and therefore it is worthy to be recommended in clinic.

Objective To evaluate the effects of different doses of dexmedetomidine on lung injury in pediatric patients undergoing open heart surgery under cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB).Methods Forty-eight pediatric patients,aged 7 months-3 yr,of ASA physical status Ⅱ or Ⅲ,scheduled for elective repair of ventricular septal defect under CPB,were randomly divided into 4 groups (n =12 each) using a random number table:control group (group C) and 3 different doses of dexmedetomidine groups (D1-3 groups).Anesthesia was induced with midazolam,fentanyl and vecuronium.The patients were endotracheally intubated and mechanically ventilated.In D1-3 groups,dexmedetomidine 0.5μg/kg (initial dose) was given over more than 10 min,followed by continuous infusion at 0.1,0.3 and 0.5 μg· kg-1 · h-1,respectively,until the end of operation.The equal volume of normal saline was given instead of dexmedetomidine in group C.Before administration (T1),and at 2,6 and 12 h after termination of CPB (T2-4),blood samples were collected for determination of plasma tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α),interleukin-6 (IL-6) and IL-8 concentrations and for blood gas analysis.Respiratory index (RI),oxygenation index (OI) and lung compliance (CL) were calculated.Results The plasma concentrations of TNF-α and IL-8 at T2-4 and IL-6 at T3,4 were significantly lower in D2,3 groups than in group C.Compared with group D1,the plasma concentrations of TNF-α,IL-8 and RI were significantly decreased,and OI and CL were increased at T2-4 in D2-3 groups,and the plasma IL-6 concentrations at T3,4 in group D2 and at T2-4 in group D3 were decreased.The plasma concentrations of TNF-α and IL-6 were significantly lower,while OI and CL were higher at T2,3,and the plasma concentrations of IL-8 and RI were lower at T2-4 in group D3 than in group D2.Conclusion Dexmedetomidine can reduce lung injury in pediatric patients undergoing open heart surgery under CPB and promote the lung function after CPB possibly through inhibiting inflammatory responses to CPB dosedependently.

Objective To discuss the diagnosis and treatment of AVM bleeding without DSA in the basic hospital.Methods Clinical difference of intracerebral hemorrhage was revienly analyzed between arteriovenous malformation and hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage.Results Boths were different at sick ages,position and shape of haematoma,change of blood pressure after bleeding,CT scan of preoperative and view in operative.Surgery was effective.Conclusion Initial diagnosised of AVM bleeding is affirmed,according to patient's age,using mannitol is effective to control blood pressure after bleeding and display of CT scans preoperative.Final diagnosis is confirmed in operation without DSA at basic hospital.Treatment of AVM bleeding with surgery is effective.

Objective:To investigate the expression pattern of microRNA-146a in Brucella patients and its correlation with antibody titers.Methods: By using real time PCR assay, expression levels of microRNA-146a in sera samples from 20 brucellosis patients and 20 healthy volunteers were analyzed.The correlation between expression level of microRNA-146a and serum antibody titers were analyzed with SPSS17.0.Results: A quantification curve of microRNA-146a was constructed with synthesized standard.Expression levels of microRNA-146a among brucellosis patients were significantly lower than those in 20 healthy volunteers (P<0.001).For brucellosis patients,the expression level of microRNA-146a was negatively related with antibody titers (P<0.05). Conclusion:Expression of miRNA-146a in brucellosis patients was significantly inhibited and negatively related with antibody titer.