Objective　To investigate, compare and filtrate the collagenase inhibitor effects among six kinds of eye drops for clinical use.Methods　The collagenase inhibitor’s effects were detected by rat's collagen and collagenase with comassie brilliant blue colorimetric method.Results　The inhibitting collagenase effects among six kinds of eye drops were different: the effect of cartopril was the strongest；the acetylcysteine and sodium edetate were more strong and the sodium citrate, sodium hyposulfite and tetracycline were less strong.Conclusion　 0.5g*L-1cartopril eye drops has stronger efficacy to inhibit collagenase, with less side effect or stimulation，more convenient resource and preparation than other eye drops.

ObjectiveTo investigate the diagnosis of acute superior mesenteric venous thrombosis(MVT) by ultrasonography. MethodsSeventeen patients with MVT were confirmed by operation or CT scanning and followed-up, whose ultrasonographic features were analyzed retrospectively. ResultsUltrasonographic features of seventeen patients with MVT were enlarged superior mesenteric vein filled with hypoecho without flow signals( n =9) ,portal vein and(or) splenic vein filled with hypoecho without flow signals (n =4), intestine wall thickening and intestine distension( n =2) and ascites( n =2). The accuracy of ultrasonographic examination for SMV was 65％ (11/17). According to MVT with or without splenic or portal vein involvement,MVT were been classified as two type:large vessel type(n =10) and small vessel type(n =7). The accuracy of ultrasonographic examination for large vessel type and small vessel type were 90％ (9/10) and 29％ (2/7) ,respectively. Patient with large vessel type of MVT were easy to be diagnosed by ultrasonography than those with small vessel type( x2 =3.41, P ＜ 0. 05 ). ConclusionUltrasonography was valuable in diagnosis of MVT, and it played more important role in diagnosis of large vessel type of MVT.

Objective To study the accuracy of improved resistance index (RI) in judging the prognosis in renal allograft with reversed diastolic flow. Methods According to the transplant nephrectomy, patients with reversed diastolic flow in renal allograft were classified into two groups:surgical group (n = 5) and nonsurgical group (n = 19). The differences in improved RI between two groups were compared by using Student's t test. Improved RI was defined as a ratio of peak systolic velocity plus peak diastolic velocity divided by peak systolic velocity. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was constructed for improved RI to evaluate diagnostic accuracy in judging the prognosis in renal allograft with reversed diastolic flow. Results Improved RI in surgical group ( 1.57 ± 0. 26)was higher than in nonsurgical group (1.22 ± 0. 08) (P＜＜0. 05). Areas under ROC curve for improved RI was 0. 979. An improved RI threshold of 1.31 had 100 % sensitivity, 90 % specificity, 71%positive predictive value, and 100 % negative predictive value for renal allograft with reversed diastolic flow loss as the maximum Youden index was 90 %. Applying this cutoff value to predict the function of renal allograft with reversed diastolic flow recovery, the accuracy was 92 % (maximum) or 83 %(minimum). Conclusion Improved RI can not only serve as a useful noninvasive index to predict renal allograft with reversed diastolic flow loss, but also to predict the function of renal allograft with reversed diastolic flow recovery.

Objective To retrospectively analyze the change of reversed diastolic flow in renal allografts with ultrasound and its association with clinical outcomes.Methods 17 patients with reverse diastolic flow of renal allograft were reviewed. According to the waveform morphology changes of RDF,17 cases of RDF were classified as two types: typeⅠ(total RDF changing type: continuous total RDF or non-total RDF transformed into total RDF,n=6)and type Ⅱ (non-total RDF changing type: continuous non-total RDF or total RDF transformed into non-total RDF or disappeared,n=11).Meanwhile,they were compared with clinical outcome.Results In typeⅠ, transplanted kidney resection were performed in five cases, but 10 cases in type Ⅱ were recovered. TypeⅠwas associated with lower likelihood of renal allografts survival(Fisher exact test, P=0.005).Conclusions Dynamic observation the change of RDF may help to judge the prognosis in renal allograft.TypeⅠmay predict of an unfavorable outcome in renal allograft with RDF.

Objective To study the reversed diastolic flow in abdominal and peripheral vascularity and its value of clinical application.Methods A review of Doppler sonograms was performed in abdominal and peripheral vascularity obtained over a 9-year period.And if the patients with reversed diastolic flow were found,their clinical feature were recorded and evaluated.Results Sixty-eight patients with reversed diastolic flow were found including subelavian steal syndrome(21 cases),complications of renal transplant (22 cases),thrombosis in arteriovenous fistulas (20 cases),preeclampsia in pregnancy (3 cases) and others (2 cases).The causes of reversed diastolic flow in abdominal and peripheral vascularity might be divided into four types: vessels type(41 cases),organ type (22 cases),pregnancy type (3 cases) and others (2 cases).Conclusion The causes of patients of reversed diastolic flow in abdominal and peripheral vascuhrity are different depending on its site,and the typing of causes of reversed diastolic flow may aid to enhance the recognition of reversed diastolic flow.

Objective To evaluate the effect of long term home non-invasive positive pressure ventilation (HNIPPV ) in stable severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) .Methods Forty-two patients with stable severe COPD after hospital dis-charge were divided into 2 groups :The observation group (conventional treatment + HNIPPV ,22 patients) and control group (con-ventional treatment ,20 patients) .Parameters before and after one year follow-up observation were compared ,which includes arterial bloods gases ,lung function test ,6-min walking distance(6MWD) ,dyspnea grade ,scoring for emotional disorders ,the hospitalization rates .Results PaCO2 ,PaO2 ,6MWD ,dyspnea grade ,scoring for emotional disorders ,the hospitalization rates improved after one year in the observation group (P < 0 .05) .There were no significance of FVC and FEV1 between the two groups after one year . There were no patients who were dead or exited with other reason after one year in the two groups .Conclusion Long term HNIP-PV could decrease exacerbations ,respiratory failure and increase life quality ,this therapy is effective and safe for patients with sta-ble severe COPD .

Objective To compare left ventricular (LV)synchronization of direct His-bundle pacing (DHBP)and right ventricular apical pacing (RVAP)with two-dimensional speckle tracking imaging (2D-STI)and tissue Doppler imaging (TDI),and discuss the diagnostic value of 2D-STI and TDI in evaluation of left ventricular systolic synchronicity.Methods Twenty-four patients implanted with DHBP and RVAP were observed.Conventional echocardiography examination were undergone both at the mode of DHBP or RVAP respectively.The time to peak radial strain of LV 1 8 segments were derived from the parasternal short-axis views by 2D-STI,then calculated the standard deviations (SD ) and the maximal temporal difference of LV 1 8 segments (Trs-SD and Trs-Dif),and the interval of time to peak radial strain between the anteroseptal wall and the posterior wall (Tas-post).The time to peak systolic velocity of LV 12 segments were derived from the apical axis views by TDI.The SD and the maximal temporal difference of 1 2 segments (Ts-SD and Ts-Dif)were calculated as the LV dyssynchrony index.Results All the systolic synchrony parameters derived from 2D-STI and TDI were more significantly shortened in DHBP than in RVAP (all P <0.01).For DHBP,the detection rate of LV synchronization was higher by 2D-STI than by TDI.For RVAP the detection rate of LV dyssynchronization was also higher by 2D-STI than by TDI with RVAP lead (all P <0.05).Conclusions DHBP is more beneficial than RVAP in LV syschronization and LV function,RVAP may induce left ventricular systolic asynchrony.Both 2D-STI and TDI can assess the LV synchronization quantitatively,but 2D-STI may be more superior on the detection rate than TDI.

Objective To investigate the effects of ghrelin on proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells(VSMC)and the expression of mitochondrial fusion 2(Mfn-2)in cultured human aortic smooth muscle cells(HASMCs).Methods HASMCs were cultured in vitro,treated with different concentrations(10-9,10-8,10-7,10-6,10-5 mol/L)ghrelin or 10-6 mol/L ghrelin for different time(0,6,12,18,24 h).Subconfluent HASMCs at passage 4-6 were used in experiments.MTT essay was used to investigate the effect on proliferation of HASMCs.RT-PCR and Western blot were used to analyse the expression of Mfn-2.Results 10-7-10-5 mol/L ghrelin inhibited the proliferation of HASMCs,and the inhibitory effect of concentration of 10-6 mol/L was the most obvious(P<0.01).Ghrelin inhibited the proliferation of HASMCs in 6-24 h,and it reached the peak at 24 h(P<0.01).10-6 mol/L ghrelin significantly increased the expression of Mfn-2 mRNA and protein(P<0.01).The up-regulation of 10-6 mol/L ghrelin on Mfn-2 mRNA and protein expression reached the peak at 18 h(P<0.01).Conclusion Ghrelin might inhibit the proliferation of HASMC by up-regulating the expression of Mfn-2.

Objective To discuss the diagnostic value of contrast-enhanced transvaginal sonography TVS in the diagnosis of myometrial invasion grade of endometrial cancer. Methods Total twenty-eight cases were studied by contrast-enhanced TVS,which were proved pathologically endometrial cancer in our hospital. The diagnosis of myometrial invasion grade of endometrial cancer by contrast-enhanced TVS were compared with pathologic results based on FIGO. Results The total coincidence of contrast-enhanced transvaginal sonography in detecting the depth of myometrial invasion was 78.6%. In the evaluation of no myometrial invasion,it showed the sensitivity of 71.4%,specificity of 85.7% and coincidence of 62.5%. In evaluation of superficial myometrial invasion,the sensitivity,specificity and coincidence was 73.7% ,77. 8% ,87. 5% ,respectively. The sensitivity in detecting deep invasion was 100. 0% ,the specificity was 96.0% ,while coincidence was 75.0%.There was no significant difference among the coincidence of various depth of myometrial invasion by contrast-enhanced TVS. Conclusion Contrast-enhanced TVS was valuable in the diagnosis of myometrial invasion grade of endometrial cancer.

Objective:To observe the clinical effect of TOMY self-ligation appliance technique in the treatment of anterior crossbite and moderate crowding, and to explore its clinical application.Methods:A patient, manifested as anterior crossbite and moderate dentition crowing, diagnosed as Angle class Ⅲ subclass malocclusion, MaoⅡ1+Ⅰ1 malocclusion, high angle,and facial asymmetry, was selected.This patient was treated with TOMY self-ligation appliance technique without tooth extraction.The length and width of the dental arch, the width of the alveolar bone and the width of the basal arch were measured before and after treatment;the lateral radiographs of the patient were taken too.Results:After treatment,the upper and lower dentition arranged in neat rows, reached a neutral occlusal relationship;SNA, SNB and ANB had no obvious changes;the lip inclination of anterior teeth was increased by 10 degrees, and reached the normal value;the upper and lower dental arch width, alveolar bone width, basal bone arch width and dental arch length were lower than before treatment.Conclusion:For the patient with anterior crossbite and moderate dental crowding treated with non-extraction, the TOMY self-ligation technique can be considered to use, by increasing the arch width and length to improve the anterior crossbite and moderate crowding, in order to achieve the effective treatment.