Infant acute lymphoblastic leukemia（ALL）differs from those of children in other age groups in terms of its clinical manifestations，molecular hereditary characteristics，and prognosis.The treatment of ALL in infants is still mainly based on conventional chemotherapy and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation，but the prognosis is poor due to its high early relapse and low overall survival rate.In recent years，several large-scale clinical trials have further explored its molecular biological characteristics and optimized risk stratification，but traditional treatments have failed to significantly improve the prognosis of these children.New clinical trials have demonstrated that immunotherapy and targeted drugs could greatly improve infant survival.This article summarizes the molecular biological features，clinical research findings，therapeutic approaches，and potential therapeutic targets for infant ALL.