Objective To investigate the changes of bone mineral density (BMD) in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients in Changsha,and take intervention measures to prevent the occurrence of osteoporosis and fracture.Methods A total of 278 HIV-infected patients and 154 cases of healthy adults from March 2011 to May 2015 were selected.Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) was used to detect BMD,T-score and Z-score of all the research objects,including the whole body,lumbar spine (L2～4),and left hip joint.The height and weight were measured at the same time.Results The HIV infection group had an average age of (31.53 ± 8.56) years old,and the healthy control group was (34.45 ± 8.22) years old.Height between two groups had no significant difference.The average weight of HIV infection group was 6.93 kg [95％ CI,-9.01,-4.97;P ＜0.001] lighter than that in the normal control group.BMD,T-score and Z-score of HIV infection group were significantly lower than those in norrmal control group (P ＜ 0.001).The occurrence rate of osteopenia (Z ≤-1.0)and osteoporosis (Z ≤-2.0)in HIV infection group were correspondingly 43.53％ ～ 54.68％ and 9.71％ ～23.74％,which is about 4 times of that in the healthy control group (14.28％ ～ 20.13％,0.65％ ～ 5.84％).Conclusions The average body weight of HIV-infected patients was significantly lower than that of normal control group,and the incidence of osteopenia and osteoporosis in HIV-infected group was significantly higher than that in normal control group.

Objective On the basis of internet of things technology,to initially establish a management model of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients in Gumei community,so as to provide experience for the comprehensive management of community COPD patients.Methods According to the characteristics of the Internet of things technology,we formulated a scheme as a technical route to manage the COPD patients.A homogenous COPD management team of doctors was established under the training of experts from the Department of Respiration of Zhongshan Hospital,Fudan University.Results We drew a COPD patient management model chart,and initially formed a qualified and homogeneous COPD management team of general practitioner.Conclusions Through the Internet of things technology management,we initially formed a set of manual quality control model in the process of data automatic transmission,and initially formed a management model of community COPD patients,based on the internet of things.

Forty-five patients with burn area exceeding 30% TBSA were studied prospectively. Among these 45 patients, 13 developed multiple organ failure (MSOF). Blood superoxide, dismutase (SOD) activity and plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were sequentially determined to assess the role of excessive release of oxygen radicals and lipid peroxidase injury in the mechanism of pathogenesis of postburn MSOF. The results showed that the anti-oxidation capacity of the body was markedly depressed and lipid peroxidase injury markedly increased after a severe burn injury. These changes were not only related to hypovolemic shock after the injury, but also the severity of the burn injury and infection.

Objective To explore the curative effects of mesenchymal stem cells(MSC)that overexpress in murine type 1 diabetes nephropathy (DN).Methods Mice were randomly divided into normal control(NC) group,DN group,C3-treated group,C3-MIGR1-treated group and C3-MIGR1-ICAM-1-treated group.Mice were given streptozotocin until the DN model was set up.The murine DN model was treated with murine MSC(C3H10T1/2),transfection empty vector of murine MSCs(C3H10T1/2-MIGR1/MSC) and murine MSCs (C3H10T1/2-ICAM-1/MSC)that overexpressed ICAM-1.After transplantation, the pathological features of kidneys were observed by Masson staining and the number of homing MSC cells to the kidney was calculated on days 1,3,7 by frozen section, while qPCR was used to analyze the expression of signaling molecules for collagen1, TGF-β1 and SMAD2 after treatment with various MSCs.Results Compared with DN group, the renal fibrosis treated with MSCs overexpressing ICAM-1 was significantly decreased by Masson staining.Three and seven days after transplant, the homing cells of MSC in different groups displayed no difference using tissue freezing section method.Furthermore, TGF-β1/SMAD signaling was lowly activated after the treatment with MSCs that overexpressed ICAM-1 compared with model mice(P<0.01).Conclusion MSCs that overexpress ICAM-1 can protect kidneys in the DN model.

Objective To explore the effect of telomerase reverse transcriptase(TERT) gene transfected bone marrow stem cell(BMSC)on the memory function and hippocampal CA1 region synaptic plasticity in vascular dementia rat.Methods A total of 60 rats were randomly divided into the negative control group(group A),model group(group B),conventional BMSC group(group C) and transfected BMSC group(group D).The related indicators in each group were detected by using the Morris maze test,RTPCR and Western blot respectively.Results The escape latency period in the group C and group D was significantly longer than that in the group B,which in the group D was significantly longer than that in the group C.Compared with the group A,the expressions of brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF)mRNA,TERT mRNA,SYP mRNA and protein in the group B,group C and group D were significantly decreased.The synaptic cleft arrange in group A was clear with more SYN positive ceils.The synaptic cleft in the group D was clearer,and the number of SYN positive cells was close to that in group A.Conclusion TERT transfected BMSC has obvious therapeutic effect on vascular dementia rats and its mechanism may be related to the promotion of BDNF,TrkB expression and the improvement of synaptic plasticity.

Objective: To investigate the causal relationship between antioxidant nutrients and pregnancy complications, so as to provide the reference for the prevention and treatment of pregnancy complications. Methods: Data of seven antioxidant nutrients including vitamin A, vitamin C, vitamin E, selenium, zinc, copper and iron were collected from genome-wide association study (GWAS) Catalog database, and data of four pregnancy complications including gestational diabetes mellitus, pre-eclampsia, spontaneous abortion and preterm birth were collected from the Finland database. Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) data were collected, and 27 SNPS strongly correlated with seven antioxidant nutrients were selected as instrumental variables. Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses were performed using the inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method with seven antioxidant nutrients as exposures factors and four pregnancy complications as outcome variables. The heterogeneity was assessed using the Cochran's Q test, the horizontal pleiotropy was assessed using the MR-PRESSO test and MR-Egger regression, and the robustness of the results was verified with the leave-one-out. Results: Cochran's Q test showed heterogeneity of MR results between vitamin C and gestational diabetes mellitus, preeclampsia and preterm birth, between vitamin E and iron and gestational diabetes (all P<0.05), and a random effect model was employed. There was no heterogeneity in other results (all P>0.05), and a fixed effect model was employed. MR analysis results showed that there was no causal association between seven antioxidant nutrients and the risk of four pregnancy complications (all P>0.05). MR-PRESSO test and the MR-Egger regression identified no horizontal pleiotropy of instrumental variables (both P>0.05). Conclusion This study did not find genetically predicted associations of antioxidant nutrients with pregnancy complications.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate therapeutic efficacy and safety of leosimendan in the treatment of acute left heart failure (ALHF) and its effects on left ventricular function indexes and serum markers.METHODS:A total of 110 patients with acute left ventricular function selected as research objects from No.251 Hospital of PLA during Jan.2014-Dec.2015,and then were divided into control group (53 cases) and observation group (57 cases) according to random number table.Both groups received routine therapy.Control group was additionally given Dopamine hydrochloride injection or Dobutamine hydrochloride injection as cardiotonic on the basis of routine therapy.Observation group was additionally given Levosimendan injection with initial dose of 10 μg/kg+0.9％ Sodium chloride injection 50 mL,ivgtt (10 min),and then with micro pump infusion at the rate of 0.1 g/(kg· min) for continuous 24 h.Both groups were treated for continuous 7 d.Clinical efficacies of 2 groups were observed,and the levels of left ventricular function indexes (PER,PFR,LVEF,LVSF) level,serum marker (NT-proBNP) and galectin-3 (Gal-3) before and after treatment,the occurrence of ADR was recorded.RESULTS:Two cases were withdrawn from the study due to death (one case in each group).Finally,a total of 108 cases were included,involving 52 cases in control group and 56 cases in observation group.Clinical total response rate of observation group (94.64％) was higher than that of control group (86.54％),but without statistical significance (P＞0.05).Before treatment,there was no statistical significance in left ventricular function indexes or serum markers levels between 2 groups (P＞ 0.05).After treatment,the levels of left ventricular function indexes were improved significantly in 2 groups,and LVEF and LVSF of observation group were significantly higher than those of control group,with statistical significance (P＜0.05).NT-proBNP and Gal-3 of 2 groups were decreased significantly,and the observation group was significantly lower than the control group,with statistical significance (P＜0.05).No obvious ADR was found in 2 groups during treatment.CONCLUSIONS:Leosimendan in the treatment of ALHF have the similor clinical efficacy with dopamine,but helps to strengthen the left heart pump function,reduce heart failure markers levels with good safety.

Diabetes is the most important comorbidity of cardiovascular disease, and cardiovascular disease is the main cause of mortality and disability of patients with type 2 diabetes. In order to standardize the diagnosis and treatment of patients with diabetes and cardiovascular disease, the National Health Commission Capacity Building and Continuing Education Center organized the experts from the field of cardiology and endocrinology systematically reviewing the research progresses and expert experiences of relevant disciplines from home and abroad, and formulated this consensus. This consensus covers the diagnosis, drug treatment, and risk factor management for patients with diabetes and cardiovascular disease (including atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and heart failure) from the perspective of cardiovascular disease and diabetes management aiming to strengthen the comprehensive management of patients and ultimately to improve the prognosis of patients. The management of cardiovascular diseases mainly includes the management of blood pressure, blood lipids, anti-thrombosis, anti-myocardial ischemia, anti-ventricular remodeling and so on. Diabetes management mainly includes lifestyle intervention (including diet, exercise, weight loss, etc.), anti-hyperglycemia therapy (including drugs and insulin), blood glucose monitoring, and hypoglycemic prevention. In addition, specific clinical recommendations are given to patients with special health care needs such as diabetic nephropathy, elderly (>75 years), and cardiovascular critical illness.

Objective To evaluate the compliancy of HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PREP) in men who have sex with men (MSM) in Chengdu,Sichuan province,and explore the influencing factors.Methods From 1 July 2013 to 30 September 2015,a random,open,multi-center and parallel control intervention study was conducted in 328 MSM enrolled by non-probability sampling in Chengdu.The MSM were divided into 3 groups randomly,i.e.daily group,intermittent group (before and after exposure) and control group.Clinical follow-up and questionnaire survey were carried out every 3 months.Their PrEP compliances were evaluated respectively and multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify the related factors.Results A total of 141 MSM were surveyed,in whom 59(41.8％) had good PrEP compliancy.The PrEP compliancy rate was 69.0％ in daily group,higher than that in intermittent group (14.3％),the difference had significance (x2=45.29,P＜0.001).Multivariate logistic analysis indicated that type of PrEP was the influencing factors of PrEP compliancy.Compared with daily group,the intermittent group had worse PrEP compliancy (OR=0.07,95％CI:0.03-0.16).Conclusion The PrEP compliance of the MSM in this study was poor,the compliancy would be influenced by the type of PREP.

Objective:To retrospectively analyze the bone marrow characteristics of methimazole-induced agranulocytosis and other hematologic damage, and to explore its correlation with clinical features and prognosis.Methods:The bone marrow and clinical parameters of 20 patients of Graves′ disease diagnosed with methimazole-induced agranulocytosis at the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi′an Jiaotong University from January 2000 to December 2022 were collected. The intergroup differences in bone marrow characteristics and granulocyte recovery time were analyzed. Differences in peripheral blood and bone marrow characteristics between patients with single agranulocytosis and pancytopenia were compared. Besides, literature review of the bone marrow characteristics of methimazole-induced hematologic diseases was conducted.Results:Compared to patients with bone marrow characteristics of granulocyte and precursor maturation disorders(Type Ⅱ), patients with aplastic marrow(Type Ⅰ) had significant decreases in the proportions of granulocytes in all phases( P<0.05). Patients with bone marrow characteristics of Type Ⅰ had a significant increase in the proportion of the lymphocyte system [51.00%(41.50%, 75.50%) vs 22.00%(14.00%, 35.00%), P=0.002], and got a longer to recovery time [(6.58±1.68)d vs(3.71±1.60)d, P=0.003]; Correlation analysis suggested the granulocyte to erythrocyte ratio was negatively correlated with the granulocyte recovery time( r=-0.520, P=0.023), and the proportion of the bone marrow lymphocyte was positively correlated with granulocyte recovery time( r=0.622, P=0.004). Compared to patients with single agranulocytosis, patients with pancytopenia had a markedly longer hospital stay duration [(27.14±5.27)d vs(14.15±7.36)d, P=0.001]. Literature review suggestsed that methimazole may cause various degrees of damage to blood system and bone marrow. Conclusion:Methimazole can induce a variety of hematologic damages. Analysis of bone marrow characteristics can aid in further prognosis assessment. Clinicians should be vigilant about potential hematologic adverse reactions when using methimazole and promptly diagnose and treat them to prevent serious consequences.