Objective:To observe the natural course of cerebral contusion and laceration combined with hematoma formation and analyze the risk factors for its progression.Methods:Patients with cerebral contusion and laceration combined with hematoma formation admitted to our hospital from September 2017 to March 2020 were prospectively selected; and they were divided into progressive and non-progressive groups according to progression of cerebral contusion and laceration combined with hematoma formation. The clinical data of the two groups of patients were compared, and multivariate Logistic regression was used to analyze the independent influencing factors for progressive cerebral contusion and laceration combined with hematoma formation.Results:A total of 197 patients with cerebral contusion and laceration combined with hematoma formation were included in this study, of which, 61 were treated with craniotomy and 136 were treated conservatively; 85 patients had progressive cerebral contusion and laceration combined with hematoma formation and 112 patients had non-progressive cerebral contusion and laceration combined with hematoma formation. As compared with those in the non-progressive group, the baseline Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) scores of the progressive group were lower, hematoma volume by second CT scan was larger, distance from the center of cerebral contusion and laceration or hematoma to the nearest cortex was shorter, platelet count and thrombin time increased, fibrinogen (FIB) content decreased, and proportion of patients with multiple lesions in the first CT scan was higher in the progressive group, with significant differences ( P<0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the distance from the center of cerebral contusion and laceration or hematoma to the nearest cortex<1 cm, plasma FIB<2 g/L, multiple lesions of cerebral contusion and laceration or hematoma on first CT scan were risk factors for progression in patients with cerebral contusion and laceration combined with hematoma formation ( OR=6.654, 95%CI: 1.391-35.089, P=0.025; OR=5.617, 95%CI: 1.136-28.022, P=0.034; OR=4.629, 95%CI: 1.178-20.071, P=0.031). Conclusion:The patients with short distance from the center of cerebral contusion and laceration or hematoma to the nearest cortex, low plasma FIB, and multiple lesions of cerebral contusion and laceration or hematoma on first CT scan are prone to have progressive cerebral contusion and hematoma formation.