Objective To establish the method of liquid chromatography-mass spectrum for the determination of /Ginsenoside-Rd in human urine. Methods With the gentiopicroside as internal standard, the dilution method was adopted to treat the urine samples. Electrospmy ionization(ESI)source was applied and operated in the positive ion mode. Multiple reaction monitoring(MRM)mode was used to detect Ginsenoside-Rd content. Results By this method the linearity limit of Ginsenoside-Rd is 30.3～ 10 100 ng? mL-1, the lower quantitative limit is (30.3? 2.16) ng? mL-1, and the inter-and intra-day precision (RSD) was less than 10 % . Conclusions This is an accurate, sensitive, specific and convenient method, which can be used for the determination of Ginsenoside-Rdin urine of the healthy human.

Objective To investigate the influence of caspase-3 on the apoptosis of glomerulus cells in chronic arsenic poisoning. Methods Sprague-Dawley(SD) rats in cleanliness grade were randomly divided into high-dose group,low-dose group and control group,10 in each (5 males and 5 females). The rats in high and low groups were treated with As2O3 through drinking water,10 and 0.4 mg/(kg?d) respectively,for four months. The content of arsenic in the blood and urine was determined. The expression of caspase-3 in the glomerulus cells was detected by SABC immunohistochemistry and analyzed through image patterns. Results Compared with the control group,a higher arsenic content in the blood and urine,more positive cells of caspase-3 and lower OD value the glomerulus cells were found in both of high-dose and low-dose groups. Compared with low-dose group,a higher arsenic content in the blood and urine,more positive cells of caspase-3 and the lower value of grey degree in the renal glomerulus cells were all found in high-dose group. Conclusion The obvious increase of caspase-3 in the glomerulus cells may play a role in the apoptosis of the glomerulus cells induced by chronic arsenic poisoning.

Objective To evaluate the relationship between hMLH1 mutation and promoter methylation and genetic instability in gastric carcinomas. Methods hMLH1 mutation was measured by two dimentional DNA electrophoresis and DNA sequencing. The methylation of hMLH1 promoter was measured with methylation specific PCR. MSI was analyzed by PCR based methods. Results Sixty eight cases of sporadic gastric carcinoma were studied for hMLH1 mutation and promoter methylation. hMLH1 mutaions were detected in three cases (4.4%) of gastric cancer. No association was observed between hMLH1 mutation and tumor size, differentiation, histological type, depth of invasion, metastasis or stages. Methylation of hMLH1 promoter was detected in 11 cases (16.2%) of gastric cancer. By using five microsatellite markers, MSI in at least one locus was detected in 17 of 68 (25%) cases of the tumors analyzed. hMLH1 mutations were all detected in MSI H(≥2 loci, n =8), but no mutation was found in MSI L (only one locus, n =9) or MSS (tumor lacking MSI or stable, n =51). Methylation frequence of hMLH1 in MSI H was significantly higher than that in MSI L or MSS ( P 0.05). Conclusion hMLH1 mutation and promoter methylation may be involved in MSI pathway in gastric cancer.

Objective To analyze the effect of implementing traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) clinical pathway on family sickbed patients.Methods Those family sickbed patients with herpes zoster or facial neuritis were involved in this study.Their medical records and data of ‘Family sickbed quality control scale’ were collected,in which there are methods of TCM clinical pathway,decoction of the Chinese Medicine,ingredients and treatment procedures of the topically used TCMs,and acupuncture treatment procedures were documented.The family sickbed days,prognosis,informed rate and satisfaction rate were analyzed before and after TCM clinical pathway treatment.Results In the treatment group,the family sickbed days (11.67± 1.91)d and referral rate 12.20％ (10/82) were significantly lower (P＜ 0.01) than those in the control group [(1 3.88 ± 2.61) d,50.00％ (41/82) respectively].The rate of cure87.80％ (72/82),the rate of informed patient 97.56％ (80/82) and the rate of satisfaction91.46％ (75/82) were significantly higher(P＜ 0.01)than those in the control group [50.00％ (41/82)、65.85％ (54/82)、50.00％ (41/82) respectively].Conclusion The clinical pathways for family sickbed patients with herpes zoster or facial neuritis were effective.

Objectives To study the difference of the disease in different places, blood stasis syndrome was taken as an example to study syndromes of the different disease from different place. Methods The blood stasis syndrome patients from north, east and southwest of China were selected to study the laboratory examination of them, then summarize the difference of different place. Results There were significantly difference on erythrocyte and haemoglobin between Yunnan and Beijing, Fujian(P

Objective To explore the risk factors of surgical site infection(SSI)in patients undergoing selective brain tumor resection,and provide reference for clinical prevention and treatment.Methods Patients who under-went selective brain tumor resection in the neurosurgery department of a hospital during April-September 2013 and April-September 2014 were monitored prospectively,monitoring programme and individualized questionnaire were formulated,the basic data,operation condition,postoperative symptoms/signs,laboratory test results,infection-related factors,and antimicrobial use in patients were collected,risk factors for infection were analyzed.Results A total of 205 patients were investigated,23 (11 .22%)of whom had SSI;univariate analysis showed that body mass index (BMI),NNIS score,and cerebrospinal fluid leakage were related to the occurrence of SSI(all P<0.05);lo-gistic regression analysis showed that high NNIS score and cerebrospinal fluid leakage were independent risk factors for SSI in patients undergoing selective brain tumor resection(both P<0.05).Conclusion Incidence of SSI is high-er in patients with selective brain tumor resection,corresponding preventive measures should be taken according to different risk factors including cerebrospinal fluid leakage.

OBJECTIVE To analyze the epidemiological characteristics,the efficiency of the surveillance system for nosocomial infections in our hospital,the sensitivity,specificity and timeliness of case reporting and to evaluate the efficiencies of the monitoring and reporting system.METHODS We reviewed the nosocomial infection reporting data in the year of 2005 and identified all the reported cases,confirmed cases and under-reported cases.Sensitivity and specificity of the reporting system were calculated based on these data.RESULTS The incidence of nosocomial infection was 3.04% in 2005.A majority(72.07%) of the cases were reported within 7 days of occurrence.Respiratory tract infection accounted for 57.75% of all nosocomial infections and was by far the most common site of concern.The rates of false positive reporting ranged from 14-37% and were statistically significantly associated with the sites of the infection(P

Objective To establish a rapid and accurate analysis method for food-derived ACE inhibitory peptides activity in vitro.Methods Reaction time of ACE and substrate was by measuring the hippuric acid liberated in the ACE reaction mixture at regular intervals;An optimal RP-HPLC method to measure food-derived ACE inhibitory peptides activity in vitro was set up.The hippuric acid from ACE reaction mixture(sea cucumber peptides were regarded as ACE inhibitor) was estimated by Zorbax SB-C_(18) analytical column with acetonitrile and ultrapure water as mobile phase.Results The reaction time of ACE with substrate was determined at sixty minutes;The elution was carried out with the ratio of acetonitrile to ultrapure water was 1:1(0.1%TFA) at a flow rate of 0.4 mL?min~(-1).The ahsorbance of the eluent was monitored at 228 nm,and column temperature was 25℃.The relationship between hippuric acid concentration and peak area exhibited a good linearity in the concentration ranges of 0～200?g?mL~(-1) and 200～800?g?mL~(-1).The RP-HPLC method was further validated by captopril,the oyster hydrolysate and the anchovy hydrolysate.Conclusion The method has been proved to be convenient,accurate and suitable for the analysis of foodderived ACE inhibitory peptides activity in vitro.

Objective To investigate the safety and feasibility of multiple overlapping stents combined with coils in treating intracranial fusiform aneurysms, and to evaluate its therapeutic efficacy. Methods During the period from Aug. 2012 to Aug. 2013, three patients with intracranial fusiform aneurysm were admitted to authors’ hospital. The diagnosis was confirmed by CT angiography and whole cerebral angiography. Multiple overlapping stents combined with coils was carried out in all the three patients. All the patients were followed up and the clinical results were analyzed. Results Multiple overlapping stents combined with coils was successfully accomplished in all the three patients. Greater part of the aneurysmal cavity was occluded, and immediately after the procedure obvious blood whirling in the aneurysmal sac was seen. A total of 7 stents and 17 coils were used in treating the three patients. No aneurysm rupture or thrombosis occurred. The patients were followed up for 3 - 8 months. In one case the headache disappeared in 8 months, no dysneuria was detected, and angiography showed that the aneurysmal sac disappeared and the parent artery was patent. In another patient the headache disappeared in 3 months, and the angiography showed that the aneurysmal cavity had slight visualization and the parent artery was patent. The remaining patient was asymptomatic at 3-month follow-up. Conclusion For the treatment of intracranial fusiform aneurysms, multiple overlapping stents combined with coils is clinically feasible and safe with excellent short-term efficacy although its long-term results need to be further studied. (J Intervent Radiol, 2014, 23: 277-280).