Objective:To investigate the attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder(ADHD) like behavior of offspring mice induced by stress during pregnancy and its mechanism.Methods:Chronic unpredictable stress was applied to ICR pregnant mice in different gestational periods. The offspring mice were randomly selected and the behavior changes of each group were observed in open field experiment (CG: control group; SG1: cums stress stimulation from 8 to 14 days of gestation; SG2: cums stress stimulation from 15 days of gestation to childbirth). The plasma concentrations of GABA, its metabolic enzymes and dopamine were detected by ELISA.Results:The results of open field experiment showed that the total distance, the time of stay in central area, the speed in central area, and the speed in surrounding area in SG1 group, SG2 group and CG group were statistically significant ( F=8.30, 5.01, 8.05, 7.15, all P<0.05). The total distances of SG1 group and SG2 group were significantly longer than that of CG group ((5 221.07±469.95)mm, (4 825.63±545.49)mm, (3 781.17±111.34)mm, both P<0.05).The times of stay in central area of SG1 and SG2 groups were shorter than that in CG group ((5.95±3.32)s, (8.59±3.42)s, (11.10±3.61)s, all P<0.05). The speeds in central area of SG1 and SG2 groups were faster than that of CG group ((30.93±5.79)mm/s, (32.48±9.06)mm/s, (20.57±5.07)mm/s, all P<0.05).The speed in surrounding area in SG1 group was faster than that in CG group ((16.91±1.64)mm/s), (12.42±3.77)mm/s, P<0.05). ELISA results showed that there were significant differences in mice plasma GABA, GAD65, GAD67 and DA among CG group, SG1 group and SG2 group ( F=16.52, 6.42, 11.04, 7.26, all P<0.05).The plasma concentrations of GABA in SG1 group and SG2 group were lower than that in CG group ((3.70±0.80)μmol/L, (4.40±0.80)μmol/L, (6.06±1.01)μmol/L, all P<0.05).The plasma concentrations of GAD65 ((5.36±0.75)μg/L, (6.99±1.01)μg/L, P<0.05)and GAD67((10.52±1.09)μg/L, (9.84±1.35)μg/L, (12.83±1.67)μg/L, P<0.05)in SG1 group were lower than those in CG group. The plasma DA concentration in SG1 group ((82.81±8.59)ng/L) was higher than that in CG group ((69.43±9.42)ng/L, P<0.05) and SG2 group ((66.36±10.77)ng/L, P<0.05). Conclusion:Prenatal stress can induce ADHD-like behavioural phenotypes in offspring mice, which may be related to the influence of plasma GABA metabolism and DA concentration.

Objective To compare clinical effects of continuous spinal, epidural and combined spinal-epidural anesthesia for arthroplasty in the elderly over 70 years. Methods Sixty geriatric patients, ASA status Ⅱ~Ⅲ degree, aged 71~98 yr, undergoing arthroplasty operation on hip or knee joint, were randomly assigned to group of continuous spinal anesthesia, group of combined spinal-epidural anesthesia, or group of continuous epidural anesthesia, with twenty patients of per group. T_ 10 anesthesia level was aimed by 0.5% bupivacaine titrated carefully. Results All anesthesia were clinically satisfied with average anesthesia level T_ 10(T_ 7~11). Bromage's motor blockade scale in group of continuous spinal anesthesia was higher than that in group of continuous epidural anesthesia. Amount of bupivacaine consumptions were (8.0?1.8)mg, (13.7?9.7)mg, (39.4?16.6)mg in groups of continuous spinal anesthesia, combined spinal-epidural anesthesia, and continuous epidural anesthesia respectively (P0.05). Conclusions With 0.5% bupivacaine titrated carefully, all kinds of continuous spinal, epidural and combined spinal-epidural anesthesia are clinical efficient in the elderly over 70 years for arthroplasty, of which continuous spinal anesthesia is recommended due to the most stable hemodynamics.

Objective To investigate the protective effect of green tea-based cream at different con- centrations on photoaging and photo-immunosuppression. Methods Twenty healthy female volunteers were enrolled into this study with informed consent. Green tea-based cream with a mass fraction of 2%-5% (pre- pared by adding green tea extracts to an emollient formulation), excipient or green tea extracts alone were applied to six unexposed sites on the back of these volunteers. Thirty minutes later, these treated sites were subjected to solar-simulated ultraviolet irradiation (ssUVR) with a 1.5-fold minimal erythema dose once a day for 4 days. At 6, 24 and 48 hours after the last irradiation, green tea-based cream were applied repeatedly to the corresponding sites. Biopsy specimens were obtained from the seven sites 72 hours following the last irradiation, and immunohistochemical staining was performed to detect cytokeratin 5/6 and 16 expression, as well as the densities of CDla- or HLA-DR-positive cells. Resttlts Green tea-based cream at a mass fraction of 2% to 3% could effectively prevent ssUVR-induced obvious erythema and hyperpigmentation. The posi- tivity (+) rates plus strong positivity (++) rates reached 50% and 25% for CK5/6 in the sites treated with ssUVR only and those irradiated and protected with green tea cream at a mass fraction of 3%, respectively, 69% and 31% in the sites treated with ssUVR only and those irradiated and protected with green tea-based cream at a mass fraction of 2%, respectively. Compared with the control site without irradiation or protec- tion, a decrease over 75% was noticed in the density of epidermal CD1a- or HLA-DR- positive Langerhans cells in the irradiated sites without protection, and green tea-based cream, especially those at a mass fraction of 3%, could effectively inhibit the density decrease. Conclusion Green tea extracts could effectively pro- tect skin from photoaging and photo-immunosuppression with the optimal mass fraction at 2% or 3%.

Objective:To observe the effects of rolling manipulation with different durations on erector spinae muscle tonus and low back pain in patients with lumbar muscle strain and to explore the best duration for rolling manipulation in treating lumbar muscle strain. Methods:A total of 75 patients who met the inclusion criteria were randomized into a 5-minute rolling manipulation group,a 10-minute rolling manipulation group,and a 15-minute rolling manipulation group using the random number table method,with 25 cases in each group.All three groups were treated with the same rolling manipulation,while the treatment time was 5 min,10 min,and 15 min,respectively.The treatment was performed 3 times a week for 2 consecutive weeks.The muscle tonus of bilateral erector spinae and visual analog scale(VAS)score for low back pain were compared among the three groups before and after treatment. Results:A total of 63 patients completed the study.Before treatment and after the last treatment,there were no statistical differences in the muscle tonus of the left erector spinae and right erector spinae among the three groups(P>0.05).After the last treatment,bilateral erector spinae muscle tonus dropped compared with the baseline in all three groups(P<0.01).Before treatment and after the last treatment,there were no significant differences in comparing the low back pain VAS score among the three groups(P>0.05).After the last treatment,the VAS score for low back pain in all three groups decreased(P<0.01). Conclusion:Under the condition that the forward swing force is 50-70 N,the backward swing force is 20-40 N,and the frequency is 138 times/min,the 5-minute rolling manipulation can significantly reduce the muscle tonus of erector spinae and relieve low back pain.

Objective To evaluate the suppressive effect of dezocine ,lidocaine and ephedrine on fentanyl-induced cough . Methods A total of 120 patients ASA I-II ,scheduled for elective surgery under general anesthesia ,were randomly allocated into four groups (n= 30 ,each group) .Group Ⅰ ,Ⅱ ,Ⅲ ,Ⅳ were given saline (2 ml) ,dezocine (0 .1 mg/kg) ,lidocaine (1 mg/kg) or ephedrine(5 mg) ,respectively .One minute later all patients were injected with 4μg/kg of fentanyl ,after anoth-er one minute ,all patients were given midazolam (0 .1 mg/kg)+ propofol(2 mg/kg ,0 .4 ml/s)+cisatracurium (0 .2 mg/kg) . The incidence rate and severity of cough were recorded and hemodynamic parameters were also observed .Results The inci-dence rate of cough was 50% ,16 .7% ,13 .3% and 20% for group Ⅰ ,Ⅱ ,Ⅲ and Ⅳ ,respectively .Comparing to group I ,the incidence rate of cough was significantly lower (P<0 .05) in other groups ,but among the three experimental groups there was no significant difference in cough incidence rate and intensity .The hemodynamic changed of each group before and after the in-duction was consistent .Conclusion A priming dose of dezocine(0 .1 mg/kg) ,lidocaine (1 mg/kg) or ephedrine (5 mg) could effectively reduce the Fentanyl-induced cough response .

Objectives To investigate the incidence of depression status and the related factors in patients with maintenance hemodialysis (MHD).Methods One hundred and forty three MHD patients were enrolled in the study.According to Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS-D) score,50 patients (35.0％) were classified in depression group and 93 were in non-depression group.The basic clinical information,demographic characteristics and laboratory parameters were collected.Univariate analysis,Pearson correlation and hierarchical regression analysis were used to assess the related factors of depression status.Results The average HADS-D score in 143 MHD patients was 6.22 ± 2.35,and that in depression group and in non-depression group was 9.76 ± 3.85 and 3.64 ± 2.91,respectively.The prevalence of the symptoms in MHD patients varied from 15.9％ to 98.4％,and the score of symptom burden was 12-136 (72.54 ± 34.86).Univariate analysis revealed that marital status (x2 =4.493,P =0.034),economic status (x2 =4.187,P =0.04),symptom burden(r =0.68,P ＜ 0.001),symptom severity (r =0.59,P ＜ 0.001) and social support (r =-0.38,P =0.002) were associated with the depression.Hierarchical regression analysis revealed that depression was associated significantly with symptom burden(β =0.546,P ＜ 0.001),symptom severity (β =0.428,P ＜ 0.001) and social support (β =0.205,P =0.032).Symptom burden and severity could explain 30.5％ of the depression variance.Conclusions The prevalence of depression status is high in MHD patients,which is positively correlated with symptom burden.Among all influencing factors,symptom burden has the greatest impact on the depression status,and maybe an important predicting factor of depression.

Objective To explore the effect of integrated psycho-behavioral intervention for improvement of preschool children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.Methods A total of 58 preschool children in the Departments of Pediatrics and Clinical Psychology in our hospital were selected and divided into intervention group and observation group according to the order of visits.The intervention group was given Alpha-Stim SCS,sandplay therapy,biofeedback and sensory integration training,the observation group was treated by routine treatment.Results After treatment,the intervention group had a significant decrease in hyperactivity/impulsivity and hyperkinetic index (P ＜ 0.01),and scores of conduct disorders,learning problems,psychosomatic problems,and anxiety decreased significantly (P ＜ 0.05).After two months of treatment,the ratios of α-wave,θ-wave,and ratio of θ wave to β wave in the intervention group were significandy lower than the intervention before (P ＜0.01),and the β-wave and SMR rhythm were significantly higher than those the intervention before (P ＜0.01).After 6 months of treatment,scores of proprioception and vestibular sensation in the intervention group were significantly higher than treatment before (P ＜ 0.01),and scoresof the tactile defense and learning ability were significantly higher than treatment before (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Integrating psychological behavioral intervention can strengthen the integration of sensory,cognitive,and behavioral skills among preschool children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.It can not only improve the continuity and coordination of children from information acquisition,processing,and output,but also improve the stability of the nervous system,enhance physical coordination,improve self-control of behavior,and significantly improve the hyperactivity behavior of attention deficit hyperactivity children.

Objective To explore the effect of integrated psycho-behavioral intervention for improvement of preschool children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.Methods A total of 58 preschool children in the Departments of Pediatrics and Clinical Psychology in our hospital were selected and divided into intervention group and observation group according to the order of visits.The intervention group was given Alpha-Stim SCS,sandplay therapy,biofeedback and sensory integration training,the observation group was treated by routine treatment.Results After treatment,the intervention group had a significant decrease in hyperactivity/impulsivity and hyperkinetic index (P ＜ 0.01),and scores of conduct disorders,learning problems,psychosomatic problems,and anxiety decreased significantly (P ＜ 0.05).After two months of treatment,the ratios of α-wave,θ-wave,and ratio of θ wave to β wave in the intervention group were significandy lower than the intervention before (P ＜0.01),and the β-wave and SMR rhythm were significantly higher than those the intervention before (P ＜0.01).After 6 months of treatment,scores of proprioception and vestibular sensation in the intervention group were significantly higher than treatment before (P ＜ 0.01),and scoresof the tactile defense and learning ability were significantly higher than treatment before (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Integrating psychological behavioral intervention can strengthen the integration of sensory,cognitive,and behavioral skills among preschool children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.It can not only improve the continuity and coordination of children from information acquisition,processing,and output,but also improve the stability of the nervous system,enhance physical coordination,improve self-control of behavior,and significantly improve the hyperactivity behavior of attention deficit hyperactivity children.

Objective To explore the medication rules and mechanism of action of traditional Chinese medicine compound patent formulas for vitiligo,and provide ideas for the development and the patent declaration work of new Chinese medicines for vitiligo.Methods China Patent Publication Bulletin website,National Knowledge Infrastructure Database,Patent Information Service Platform of China Intellectual Property Right Net(CNIPR),and Baiten Patent Platform were used to search for the patents of traditional Chinese medicine compound formulas for vitiligo from the establishment of the databases to 30th September,2023.Excel software and Traditional Chinese Medicine Inheritance Computing Platform(TCMICS V3.0)were used to establish a database of compound formulas,and carry out the statistics of frequency,association rules and clustering analysis of the formulas for internal and external prescriptions.The target and mechanism of action of the internal prescriptions of core high-frequency Traditional Chinese Medicine group for the treatment of vitiligo were further explored by Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform(TCMSP),Symptom Mapping(Symmap),The Human Gene Database(Genecards),UniversalProtein(UniProt),STRING,Pharmaceutical DataBase(PDB)and other databases as well as software such as R Studio 4.2.2 and Cytoscape 3.9.1,and AutoDock Vina was used for molecular docking validation.Results The internal formulas included 335 patents and the external formulas included 189 patents.The rules of internal and external use are similar.The high-frequency traditional Chinese medicines are Tribuli Fructus,Psoraleae Fructus,Angelicae sinensis,Radix Polygoni Multiflori,Carthami Flos,Angelica dahurica,etc.;the key efficacies of the medicines are based on tonifying the deficiency,activating blood circulation and removing blood stasis;and the properties of the Chinese medicines are the nature of warmth,coldness and flatness,sweetness,bitterness,pungency and attribution to the liver,the spleen,the heart and the kidneys.Commonly used oral medicine pairs are Chuanxiong rhizome-Angelica,Astragalus-Angelica,etc.,high-frequency pairs of external medicines are Fructus mume-Psoraleae fructus,cuscuta-Psoraleae fructus,etc.;internal and external clustering of the core drugs are Psoraleae fructus,Tribuli Fructus,Angelica,Polygonum multiflorum,Angelica dahurica,Safflower,and other high-frequency medicines.The key targets of internal patents for the treatment of vitiligo are genes such as albumin,protein kinase B1,cystatinase 3,etc.The main active ingredients of the internal grouping for the treatment of vitiligo may be quercetin,kaempferol,luteolin,etc.,and the therapeutic mechanism may be related to the end products of glycosylation/receptor for glycosylation end products,tumour necrosis factor signalling pathway,phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B and other signalling pathways,and involved in the process of blood lipids and atherosclerosis,human cytomegalovirus infection.The molecular docking results confirmed the docking activity of the herbal components with key receptor proteins.Conclusion This study reveals the similarity between the internal and external patented formulas of vitiligo in terms of medication,flavour,and meridian,suggesting that the pathways and indexes such as albumin,interleukin,and tumour necrosis factor of vitiligo patients can be improved by tonifying the liver and kidney,activating blood circulation and removing blood stasis,which also provides a reference for the research and development of new medicines for vitiligo,patent protection,and the use of clinical prescriptions.

Objective To explore specific magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)features of somatic symptoms in depression by comparing the differences of brain gray matter volume in depression patients with and without somatic symptoms using voxel-based morphometry(VBM).Methods A total of 52 depression patients were recruited and divided into somatic and no somatic symptoms group according to the patient health questionnaire-15 score(＞9 and≤9,respectively).Forty gender-age-matched healthy volunteers were recruited as the control group.All subjects underwent MRI scanning.Imaging data were analyzed to explore the differences in brain gray matter between groups using VBM.Results Compared with control group,gray matter volume increased in the right superior temporal gyrus,and decreased in the right inferior orbitofrontal gyrus,right inferior temporal gyrus,left inferior orbitofrontal gyrus,and left superior temporal gyrus for depressive patients with somatic symptoms(P＜0.001);gray matter volume increased in the right middle temporal gyrus,and decreased in the right superior temporal gyrus and right inferior temporal gyrus for depressive patients without somatic symptoms(P＜0.001).Only the volume in the right tongue and left cingulate gyrus increased in depressive patients with somatic symptoms compared with that in patients without somatic symptoms(P＜0.01).Conclusion VBM-MRI has demonstrated increased volume in the tongue and cingulate gyrus in the somatic symptoms of depression.