The treatment of avascular necrosis of the femoral head whose pathological procedure is femoral head avascularity and osteocyte necrosis induced by many etiological factors is one of the difficult subjects in orthopaedics. As a newly-developed technology, cytokines and gene therapy have been widely used in the research of avascular necrosis of the femoral head. Many cytokines and transduced genes have the effects of promoting vascular reconstruction and bone repairment so that it could recover the blood supply and repair the osteonecrosis of femoral heads. Most current researches remain in the experimental phase. Therefore, the research focus in the future comes down to the lengthening of gene transfection expression as well as the selection of vectors and tissue engineering bones that have low immunereaction and low toxicity.

Objective: To study the inhibition effects of thalidomide on the growth and metastasis of gastric cancer in vivo in nude mice. Methods: Metastatic model simulating human gastric cancer was established by orthotopic implantation of histologically intact human tumor tissue into gastric wall of nude mice. Mice were randomly divided into 4 groups: control group (saline solution 0.5 ml, ip), 5 FU group (fluorouracil 30 mg?kg -1 ?d -1 , ip), thalidomide group (thalidomide 250 mg?kg -1 ?d -1 ,ip), combined treatment group (both 5 FU and thalidomide, ip). Six weeks after implantation, the tumor weight, inhibition rates, intratumoral microvessel density (MVD), apoptotic index (AI) and the metastasis were evaluated after the mice were sacrificed. Results: Compared with the control group, growth of tumor was significantly reduced in mice treated with 5 FU, thalidomide and combined treatment (inhibition rate 39.8%, 48.1% and 74.1%). The incidences of liver metastases was also significantly inhibited in the 5 FU group, thalidomide group and combined treatment group than in control group(8/11 vs 4/12, 3/12 and 0/12). The incidences of peritoneal metastases was also significantly inhibited in the 5 FU group, thalidomide group and combined treatment group than in control group(7/11 vs 3/12, 3/12 and 0/12). The MVD decreased significantly in thalidomide group and combined treatment group. AI increased significantly in the treated mice. Conclusion: Thalidomide can induce apoptosis in gastric cancer by inhibiting tumor angiogenesis and has inhibitory effect on growth and metastasis of human gastric cancer implanted in nude mice. Combination of thalidomide with cytotoxic agents is more effective.

we have observed the effect of antibiotic drug and the 654-2 on the gastroentenc tract, in the early stage of intestinal ischemia, using the model of intestinal ischemia in rats. Compared with the control group, the lesion degree of intestinal mucosa, liver, kindey and lung lessened obviously, the frequency of intestinal bacteria translocation decreased (P

ObjectiveTo study the effects of angiogenesis inhibitor SU6668 on the growth and metastasis of colon cancer in vivo. MethodsMetastatic model of human colon cancer was established by orthotopic implantation of human tumor tissue into colon wall of nude mice. Mice were randomly divided into control, 5 Fu, SU6668, and combined treatment group (both 5 Fu and SU6668 i.p.) respectively. After six weeks tumor weight, inhibition rates, intratumoral microvessel density (MVD), apoptotic index (AI) and metastasis were evaluated. ResultsCompared with control, tumor growth was significantly inhibited in mice treated respectively with 5 Fu, SU6668 and 5Fu plus SU 6668 with an inhibition rate of 0%, 42 6%, 80 9% and 87 2% respectively. MVD decreased significantly in treated groups \[(13 8?5 2)?(12 3?4 5), (2 4?1 5) and (0 9?0 5)\]. AI increased significantly in treated groups \[(3 6?2 4)%? (7 1?5 7)%, (11 9?3 9)% and (19 9?8 6)%\]. The incidences of peritoneal and liver metastases was significantly inhibited in 5 Fu, SU6668 and combined treatment group (100%? 45 5%, 16 7% and 0; 75 0%? 36 4%, 16 7% and 0). The growth and metastasis of human colon cancer implanted in nude mice were significantly inhibited in the SU6668 group and combined group than that in control group and 5 Fu group ( P

Objective To study the effects of angiogenesis inhibitor SU5416 on the growth and metastasis to the liver of gastric cancer and to investigate its effect on the apoptosis of gastric cancer cells. Methods Metastatic model simulating human gastric cancer was established by orthotopic implantation of histologically intact human tumor tissue into gastric wall of nude mice. Mice were randomly divided into 4 groups: control group (saline solution), 5 FU group (fluorouracil 30 mg?kg -1 ?d -1 i.p.), SU5416 group (SU5416 15 mg?kg -1 ?d -1 i.p.), and combined treatment of both 5 FU and SU5416 group. Eight weeks after implantation, the tumor weight, inhibition rates, intratumoral microvessel density (MVD), apoptotic index (AI), and the presence of metastasis were evaluated respectively after the mice were sacrificed. Results Compared with the control group, the growth of the orthotopically implanted tumor was significantly inhibited due to the reduced weight and the inhibition rate of tumor was 44.5%, 79.3%, and 84.4% respectively in mice treated with 5 FU, SU5416 and both. The incidences of liver metastases were also significantly decreased in the 5 FU group, SU5416 group, and combined group compared with those in control group (36.4%, 25.0%, and 0% vs 90.0%). The MVD was decreased significantly in the treated mice ( 14.6 ? 5.8 vs 13.1?4.7, 3.9? 1.8 , and 2.1?1.5). The AI was increased significantly in the treated mice [(3.76?2.25)% vs (6.81? 4.92 )%, (9.82?3.76)% and (17.65?9.85)%]. The growth and liver metastasis of human gastric cancer implanted in nude mice were more significantly inhibited in the SU5416 group and combined group than in control group and 5 FU group ( P

Objective To establish an orthotopic implantation and metastasis model of human colon cancer in nude mice. Methods Tumor cell line SW1116 of human colon adenocarcinoma was inoculated subcutaneously into nude mice to develop implantation tumor.Histologically intact tumor tissue was then harvested and implanted to the colon wall of nude mice to set up a model similar to human colon cancer.The formation of implanted tumor rate, local tumor growth characteristics,and metastasis rates were examined. Results A 100% lymphatic metastasis rate was obtained in this model. The incidences of local lymphatic metastasis, peritoneal and liver metastases were 100%, 91.7% and 75.0% respectively.Emacication and exhaustion of the nude mice were presented in late stage of the experimentation. The median survival time of the tumor-bearing nude mice was 10 weeks. Conclusions The orthotopic implantation tumor and metastasis model provide useful tools for the study of mechanism of metastasis and its treatment of human colon cancer.

Objective To investigate the relationship between the mRNA expression of TGF ?1 and TGF ?Ⅱ receptors and the invasiveness and metastatic potential of gastric carcinomas.Methods mRNA levels of TGF ?Ⅰ and TGF ?Ⅱ receptors were determined in 29 patients with gastric carcinoma.Gremy values of tissue mRNA were analyzed by dot blot and computer scanning.Results The Gremy value of TGF ?Ⅰ mRNA was much higher (P

Objective To evaluate the short ferm effect of transurethral urethrotomy with the contact Nd:YNG laser for urethral stricture and obliteration. Methods 26 patients with urethral stricture or obliteration were treated with transurethral urehrotomy from August 1993 to October 1999.All patients underwent transurethral urethrotomy with the contact Nd:YNG laser delivered with the 600?m bare fiber at 30 to 50W.The urethrotomy was guided only by a metal sound introduced through the suprapubic tract. Results Satisfactory voiding was achieved after catheter removal in all patients.26 patients were followed up for 6～24 months.Normal micturation was observed in 24 patients(92.3%).Recurrent stricture occurred in 2 patients (7.7%).Of the 2 patients one needed periodical urethral dilatation and the other required repeat internal urethrotomy.The only complication was epididymitis in 2 patients.Urethroscopy was performed in 18 patients 4～12 weeks after catheter removal.Urethrotomy revealed a widely patent uretha with complete epithelialization at the site of the previous urethrotomy. Conclusions Transurethral urethrotomy with the contact Nd:YNG laser is a safe and effective treatment for urethral stricture and obliteration.The rate of stricture recurrence is relatively low.Complications not frequeutly seen and satisfectory short-term effect can be obtained.

BACKGROUND: Hormone use has become the primary cause of steroid-induced avascular necrosis of femoral head (SANFH). OBJECTIVE: This study used a combination of injection of horse serum and a large dose of corticosteroid to develop a hormone-induced rabbit model of early avascular necrosis of femoral head (ANFH), and preliminary discussed the pathogenesis of ANFH. METHODS: New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into three groups. Methylprednisolone with horse serum group: horse serum (10 mL/kg) was injected. Three weeks later, 6 mL/kg of horse serum was injected. Two weeks later, 45 mg/kg of methylprednisolone was daily injected for 5 consecutive days. Methylprednisolone group: 45 mg/kg of methylprednisolone was daily injected for 5 consecutive days. Control group: no treatment was given. Serum cholesterol and triacylglycerol levels were detected at 1, 3, 7 and 14 days before and after hormone injection. MRI and histopathological detection was done in femoral head at 2, 4 and 8 weeks after hormone injection. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The serum triglyceride and total cholesterol in methylprednisolone with horse serum group and methylprednisolone group were higher than control group at 1 and 3 days after hormone injection (P < 0.01). MRI results displayed abnormal signal in femoral head at 4 weeks in methylprednisolone with horse serum group, but in the methylprednisolone group at 8 weeks. Histological detection results exhibited that at 4 weeks, some trabeculae were broken into fragments, and the empty bone lacunae increased. At 8 weeks, the trabeculae showed thinning and broken. There were large amount of empty bone lacunae with bone cell atrophy and larger fat cells which were fused into bubbles. In methylprednisolone group, the level of necrosis was lighter than methylprednisolone with horse serum group during each period. Results suggest that hormone combined with horse serum can successfully prepare early-stage hormone-induced ANFH.

The dynamic changes of serum gastrin (SG) levels were observed in rats during chemical induction of colorectal cancer by 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH). It was found that the mean SG concentration in the induced rats was very significantly lower than that in the control rats (P0.05) from week 11 to 20 after induction;the mean SG concentration in the induced rats with colorectal cancer in Dukes A or B stage was very significantly higher than that in those without cancer or with cancer in Dukes C or D stage (P