The main pathological changes of hypoxia in the myocardium were lysis or necrosis of the myocardium.hyperplasia or swelling of myocardial mitochondria,and swelling.increase of pinocytic vesicles in number,and appearance of tubules and villus-like eminences in the endothelial cells of myocardial capillaries:And those in the lungs were thickening of the wall and narrowing of the lumen of pulmonary arterioles,and swelling or appearance of proteinous material in the connec- tive tissue around pulmonary venules.After the treatment with dilthiazem.the pathological lesions were decreased in number or diminished in severity.In addition,the pathological mechanisms of hy-poxia and the therapeutic efficacy of dilthiazem were discussed.