Objective:To design and manufacture the female infant diaper, and to explore the application effect of the diaper in routine urine collection of female infants.Methods:Female infants hospitalized in department of Orthopedic Rehabilitation of Children′s Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine from July 2020 to June 2021 were selected as the research objects. According to the chronological order, 148 female infants admitted from July to December 2020 were selected as the control group, and 154 female infants admitted from January 2021 to June 2021 were selected as the experimental group. In the experimental group, urine routine was collected by female infants diapers, while in the control group, urine routine was collected by traditional disposable urine collection bag. The time required for routine urine collection, the number of urine collection bags, the incidence of perineal skin injury and the satisfaction of parents were observed.Results:The time required for routine urine collection was (16.86 ± 12.58) h in the experimental group and (28.76 ± 22.20) h in the control group. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant ( t=5.70, P<0.05). The number of female infant diapers in experimental group was (1.69 ± 0.67); The number of disposable urine collection bags used in the control group was (2.76 ± 1.32), and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant ( t=8.81, P<0.05). In the experimental group, the incidence of perineal skin injury was 0. In the control group, the incidence of perineal skin injury was 24.8%(42/148). The difference between the two groups was statistically significant ( Z=-9.78, P<0.01). The satisfaction of parents in the experimental group was 98.7% (152/154), witch higher than that in the control group was 79.7% (118/148), and the difference was statistically significant ( Z=-9.68, P<0.01). Conclusions:Compared with the traditional disposable urine collection bag, the diaper collection for female infants can shorten the time required for routine urine collection, reduce the number of urine collection tools, reduce the incidence of perineal lesions in children, improve the satisfaction of parents of children, reflect the people-oriented nursing concept, and provide greater clinical convenience.