OBJECTIVE: To establish the quality standard of Codonopsis lanceolata.METHODS: C.lanceolata was identified by TLC and the content of ginsenoside in C.lanceolata was determined by HPLC.RESULTS: The TLC spots of syringin and echinocystic acid were clear and easy to identify.The linear range of ginsenoside in C.lanceolata were 2.176～21.76 ?g (r=0.999 8) with an average recovery of 96.54%(RSD=1.2%,n=9).CONCLUSION: Established quality standard can be used for the quality control of C.lanceolata.

A preliminary survey was done in 1980 in Jijiaba Village before the dike was built . The dike of 2. 5 km in length and 4m high was built along Baiyang River by the end of 1980 . The molluscicide NaPCP was used for snail control from 1981 to 1984 . After the entire control measures were completed in 1984, a follow-up survey was conducted as to measure the impact of control measures on prevalence of schistosomiasis and population of snail from 1985 to 1989 . All of the results suggested that these control measures were very successful. The transmission of schistosomiasis in this area has been prevented since 1984 .

AIM: To investigate the short-term efficacy and safety of sulfasalazine (SASP) 3 g per day in the treatment of patients with mild and moderate ulcerative colitis (UC). METHODS: 122 patients were treated with SASP ( 1 g, t.i.d.) for 6 weeks. The data of clinical manifestations, colonoscopic and histological involvements were compared before and after the treatment of UC. The short-period efficacy and adverse reactions were evaluated in 110 patients. RESULTS: The therapeutic project was carried out in the 110 out of 122 patients. After 110 patients were treated for 6 weeks, the clinical, colonoscopic and histological remission were 71.8%, 21.8% and 16.4%, respectively. Among the 79 patients with clinical remission, 58.2% and 67.1% of them remained grade 1 in colonoscopic and histological findings, respectively. The curative rates and the effective rates were 63.9% and 82.0%, respectively. Among the 122 patients treated with SASP, 21 of them ( 17.2%) had adverse reactions. Except 4 patients suffered urticaria and leukopenia, no patients quitted the treatment because of obvious adverse reaction. CONCLUSION: SASP ( 3 g per day) can be an effective and safe medicine in treatment of patients with mild and moderate UC, but more than half of the patients in clinical remission still have light inflammation in colonoscopy and histology.

Object To study the chemical constituents of the underground part of Glehnia littoralis Fr. Schimidt ex Miq. Methods Eight compounds were isolated from EtOAc-soluble fraction of ethanol extract of G. littoralis by repeated chromatography over silica gel. Their structures were determined on the basis of their spectral data. Results They were identified as falcalindiol (Ⅰ), (8E)-1, 8-heptadecadiene-4, 6-diyne-3, 10-diol (Ⅱ), bergapten (Ⅲ), cnidilin (Ⅳ), xanthotoxin (Ⅴ), salicylic acid (Ⅵ), vanillic acid (Ⅶ), ferulic acid (Ⅷ). Conclusion Compounds Ⅱ and Ⅵ-Ⅷ were isolated from this plant for the first time.

Transforming growth factor-?(TGF-?) is a kind of multifunctional cytokine that regulates cell growth,differentiation,cellular senescence,apoptosis,wound healing and embryo development.As a tumor suppressor,deregulated or aberrant TGF-? signaling has been strongly implicated in human solid tumors,as well as in normal and malignant hematopoiesis.TGF? exerts an inhibitory role during the whole procedure of hematopoiesis.As a cell cycle inhibitor,it maintains cells in a quiescent state and can downregulate expression of hematopoiesis activators and oncoproteins.In malignant hematopoiesis,altered expression of coactivators or corepressors involve in TGF-?-induced transcriptional responses and loss/disruption of TGF-? target gene expression.Then malignant cells grow and differentiate abnormally.In acute promyelocytic leukemia,PML-RAR? may inhibit TGF-? signaling through inhibition of cPML and nPML.Degradation of PML-RAR? by ATRA restores this signaling pathway.

Objective The aim of this study was to assess the current situation and master degree on medical statistics among the medical correlation personnel, in order to provide useful information for transformation of education towards the medical correlation personnel . Methods Using cluster random sampling method to select 358 the medical correlation personnel who were recruited from health institutions in Chongqing to respond to the questionnaires. Questionnaire including respondent basic information, statis-tical knowledge and statistical knowledge needs. The data of the survey were analyzed by chi-square test, descriptive statistics analysis. Results 94.7% of the surveyed used statistical knowledge in the process of work or study. The main concentration of medical statistical knowledge utilization rate, the proportion of receive professional education or training courses of medical statistics and the willingness to participate in specialized training of medical statistics is 20-30 age group, No Title group, Master and over group andStudents group. As for ten categories of common statistical methods, thirty percent of people can use them skillfully, but the majority of the more advanced statistical analysis methods cannot be used or have never heard of. The greatest demand for learning ten kinds of common statistical methods is calculating cor-rectly through statistical software. Conclusion The vast majority of medical personnel need to use medical statistics in the actual work and study, but they have a lower mastery of statistical methods. Therefore, we should strengthen the medical statistics teaching and training for medical personnel.

Objective To investigate the relationship between 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure and urine microalbumin(UMA)level in the elderly with non-diabetic essential hypertension.Methods One hundred elderly cases with essential hypertension were selected from the Department of Geriatrics,the Sixth People's Hospital,Shanghai and divided into two groups,one with UMA less than 30 mg/24h,and the other with UMA equal to or greater than 30 mg/24h.Ambulatory blood pmssure,serum level of creatinine (sCr),UMA and other characteristics were measured for all the subjects studied and compared to find possible relationship between blood pressure and UMA.Results Level of sCr,diastolic blood pressure at night (nDBP),24-hour average blood pressure,average blood pressure at night were all significantly higher in the group with UMA equal to or greater than 30 mg/24h than that with UMA less than 30 mg/24h(P<0.05 or P<0.01). Multivariate logistic regression analysis indieated that both sCr and nDBP were indispensable predictors for high microalbuminuria in patients with essential hypertension.Conclusions Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring,especially blood pressure variation at night,has more important predictive value for severity of renal damage caused by hypertension in the elderly with non-diIlbetic essential hypertension.

Objective To compare the efficacy and safety of 2 mg/d and 4 mg/d of terazosin in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS).Methods A total of 120 BPH patients were randomly divided into 2 groups receiving 2 mg or 4 mg terazosin per day for 2 months. Arterial blood pressure, International Prostatic Symptom Score (IPSS) and peak flow rate (Qmax) before and after treatment were compared while side effects were estimated. Results Forty-six patients receiving 2 mg and 54 patients receiving 4 mg terazosin completed this study. Patients' age and pre-treatment blood pressure, IPSS and Qmax had no difference between the 2 groups. The improvement of IPSS (including obstructive score, irritating score and total IPSS) and Qmax was significantly better in 4 mg group. The percentage of patients experiencing greater than 30% improvement in Qmax in the 4 mg treatment groups was significantly higher than that of the 2 mg group (46.3% vs 23.9%, P=0.02). Side effects were rare and mild in both groups.Conclusion The improvements of IPSS and Qmax are significantly greater in 4 mg treatment of terazosin than that of 2 mg with no obvious increase of side effects.

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics and prognosis of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) complicated with acute pancreatitis (AP) .Methods From January 1999 to December 2013 ,the clinical data of 16 patients with SLE complicated with AP among the total 2 526 cases of SLE was collected .A retrospective analysis was performed and the clinical data of patients was classified and documented ,which included general information ,past history ,clinical symptoms , laboratory findings ,imaging findings ,treatment and outcome .The rank sum test was performed for analysis of non‐normal distributed measurement data ,and the Fisher′s exact test was used for count data analysis .Results The incidence of SLE complicated with AP was 0 .63% (16/2 526) .Among them ,ten patients were mild acute pancreatitis (MAP) and six patients were severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) .All patients were treated with fasting ,gastrointestinal decompression ,nutritional support ,anti‐acid ,anti‐inflammatory ,glucocorticoid and somatostatin and so on . Six patients were cured , seven patients improved and three patients died (two SLE complicated with SAP ,one SLE complicated with MAP) . Compared with the SLE patients complicated with SAP ,the SLE patients complicated with MAP were more easily to have lupus nephritis(6/6 versus 5/10 ,Fisher′s exact test) ,hematological system injuries (6/6 versus 5/10 ,Fisher′s exact test) ,liver injuries (5/6 versus 0/10 ,Fisher′s exact test) ,more organs involved (mean 7 versus 3 ,Z= -3 .225) and higher SLE disease active indexes (DAI) score (mean 13 .5 versus 6 .5 ,Z= -2 .876);the differences were statistically significant (all P<0 .05) .Compared with the cured and improved SLE patients complicated with AP ,lupus encephalopathy (2/3 versus 1/13 ,Fisher′s exact test) ,more organs involved (mean 7 versus 5 ,Z= -2 .276) and higher SLE DAI score (mean 21 versus 12 ,Z= -2 .195) was more common in dead SLE patients complicated with AP;the differences were statistically significant (all P< 0 .05) .Conclusions SLE patients complicated with SAP are more easily to get lupus nephritis ,hematological system injuries ,liver injuries ,activity of SLE and multiple‐organ systems involved . The prognosis of SLE patients complicated with AP was poor in those with activity of SLE ,multiple‐organ involved and lupus encephalopathy .

Background Voriconazole is the traditionally used antifungal agent,but its ophthalmic form is unsatisfactory.A novel ophthalmic drug delivery system with biomedical devices may be of promising for the prognosis of fungal keratitis.Objective This study was to investigate the sustained release,therapeutic effect and biocompatibility of effect and quaternized chitosan functionalized with carboxylated graphene and nano-silver and voriconazole (CS-ETA/Ag/GO/Vor) for fungal keratitis.Methods This study complied with the Regulations for the Administration of Affair Concerning Experimental Animals of State Science and Technology Commission.Two hundred and ten SPF female C57BL/6 mice were selected with the age 6-8 weeks for the biocompatibility experiment (30 mice) and therapeutic observation of CS-ETA/Ag/GO/Vor (180 mice).CS-ETA/Ag/GO and CS-ETA/Ag/GO/Vor were attached on the normal corneas of mice and compared with the normal mice to assess the histopathological changes.Aspergillus fumigatus-infected mouse models were established in the left eyes of 180 mice by intrastromally injection of 2.0 μl Aspergillus fumigatus suspension with the density of 5 × 107 CFU/ml,then the mice were randomized into the model control group,CS-ETA/Ag/GO group and CS-ETA/Ag/GO/Vor group,and the corresponding membrane were attached the central corneas in different groups.In 1 day,3,5,7 days after modeling,the corneas were examined under the slit lamp microscope and scored,and corneal sections were prepared for the histopathological examination.Fungal activity was confirmed by plate counts,and real-time PCR was employed to assay the relative expressions of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) mRNA and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) mRNA in the corneas.Results No morphological abnormality was seen in the corneas in the normal control group,CS-ETA/Ag/GO group and CSETA/Ag/GO/Vor group.Corneal inflammatory score was significantly lower in the CS-ETA/Ag/GO/Vor group in various time points,with a significant differences among the groups and time points (Fgroup =237.29,P=0.00;Ftime =260.33,P=0.00).The edema,necrosis or perforation of cornea were seen in the model control group,and slighter inflammatory response in the CS-ETA/Ag/GO group,and corneal edema was gradually disappear in the CS-ETA/Ag/GO/Vor group.The corneal fungal loads were highest in the model control group and lowest in the CS-ETA/Ag/GO/V or group,with significant differences among the three groups and various time points (Fgroup =113.15,P =0.00;Ftime =126.52,P=0.00).The relative expressions of IL-1β mRNA and TNF-α mRNA in the corneas peaked in the fifth day after modeling in all of the three groups,and the expression levels of IL-1β mRNA and TNF-α mRNA in the corneas were lowest in the CS-ETA/Ag/GO/Vor group,showing significant differences among the groups and time points (IL-1β:Fgroup =189.90,P =0.00;Ftime =108.56,P =0.00;TNF-α:Fgroup =82.55,P =0.00;Ftime =44.36,P =0.00).Conclusions CS-ETA/Ag/GO/Vor delivery system plays an anti-fungal activity in fungal keratitis by the synergistic effect of voriconazole and Ag+.In addition,CS-ETA/Ag/GO/Vor appears to have a good safety after topical application.