Influenza,caused by influenza virus,is a respiratory infectious disease with a serious hazard to human health.Prevention of influenza through vaccine development is the most effective strategy.It is important to build a rapid response platform for research and production of influenza vaccine.As virus vectors,live vaccine provides a new prevention and treatment way for infectious disease.Modified vaccinia virus Ankara(MVA) is a replication-deficient viral vector that is safe and can encode one or more foreign antigens and induce humoral and cellular immune response.MVA holds great promise as a vaccine platform.In this review,we discuss the use of MVA for vaccine development against influenza virus.

The concept of far lateral lumbar disc herniation was firstly reported by Abdullah in 1974. The diagnosis of far lateral lumbar disc herniation is based on the discography findings as well as on clinical manifestations. Far lateral lumbar disc herniation is a special type of lumbar disc herniation. Clinically, far lateral lumbar disc herniation is less seen than other types of lumbar disc herniation, it accounts for 0.7%-11.7% of total lumbar intervertebral disc protrusion. Although the incidence of far lateral lumbar disc herniation is lower, its symptoms are usually heavier and its protrusion sites are specific. Its treatment methods are more complex, including mainly conservative treatment, minimally invasive interventional therapy and surgical management, etc. This paper aims to make a review about the recent progress in its corresponding treatment.

Objective To observe the intervention effect of Ginkgo biloba extract EGb761 on tert-butyl hydroperoxide ( t-BHP)-induced injury in human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells ( hUC-MSCs) . Methods Proliferation of hUC-MSCs after primary culture was detected by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay, and then the optimal concentrations of t-BHP and EGb761 for oxidative stress injured MSC model were screened. Cell apoptosis was assessed by flow cytometry after Annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanatel propidium iodide ( Annexin V-FITC/PI) staining. Content of malondialdehyde ( MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in hUC-MSCs were evaluated, and the expression levels of p53 and p21Cip1/Waf1 were analyzed by real-time fluorescence PCR. Results Pretreatment with 10~200 mg/L of EGb761 for 3 hours reduced the sensitivity of hUC-MSCs to t-BHP ( 100 μmol/L) induced proliferation inhibition, while EGb761 over 100 mg/L had no significant effect on enhancing the protection of hUC-MSCs . EGb761 at 100 mg/L prohibited hUC-MSCs apoptosis and MDA accumulation in hUC-MSCs induced by 100μmol/L of t-BHP acting for 6 hours, maintained the enzymatic activity of SOD, and decreased the expression of p53 and p21Cip1/Waf1 in hUC-MSCs with t-BHP-induced injury. Conclusion EGb761 is capable of protecting hUC-MSCs against oxidative stress injury, and its mechanism is probably related with the modulation of p53/p21 signal pathway.

The individuality of mangrove ecotope determined the diversity and specificity of symbiotic microorganisms and their metabolites. However, being confined by the knowledge and cultivation means, the field on mangrove symbiotic microorganisms was on starting. In this paper, the progresses on symbiotic microorganisms of mangrove were reviewed, which hint the essentiality and trends of that field.

Objective NAC therapy was used to observe the effect of TNF-?,hs-CRP,PaO2,PaCO2and lung function in patients with COPD,so as to evaluate the therapeutic effect. Methods 65 patients with COPD were recruited and the patients were randomly divided into 2 treatment groups:control group (n=31) and experimental group (n=34). Patients in the two groups received the conventional treatment of COPD in unchanged dosage for the duration of the study except stopping using antibotic drug after infection was resolved. NAC tablets were taken orally at a dose of 600mg once a day in experimental group. After 8 weeks treatment,we appraised lung function and the plasma level of TNF-?,hs-CRP,PaO2 and PaCO2. Results Compared with normal controls,the plasma levels of TNF-? and hs-CRP increased significantly. The higher level of those ,the higher lung function class was in 65 COPD patients,and there was significant effect(P

Animals ; Oocytes ; metabolism ; physiology ; Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled ; physiology ; Receptors, Purinergic P2X ; physiology ; Xenopus laevis

BACKGROUND: Chronic rejection limits the long-term success of cardiac transplantation and the underlying causes of the disease are unknown. Connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) is considered as a mitogenic and chemotactic factor for fibroblasts and is associated with cell proliferation and collagen synthesis.OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the role and significance of expression of CTGF in rat chronic rejection heart aliografta.DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: A randomized controlled animal experiment was performed at the Laboratory Animal Center of the Second Xiangya Hospital between April and August 2007.MATERIALS: Twenty Wistar rats serving as donors and twenty Sprague-Dawely (SD) rats serving as recipients were included. An additional 10 Wistar rats were included as controls.METHODS: After intra-abdominal heterotopic heart transplantations, rats received cyclosporine A, mycophenolate, and methylprednisolone immunosuppression. Ten recipient rats were anesthetized and sacrificed for heart harvesting at 2 and 8 weeks postoperation, respectively.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Coronary vessel density, fibrosis grade, and intimal occlusion were observed by hematoxylin-cosin staining and Van Gieson staining. Myocardial fibrosis was semi-quantitatively scored. CTGF expression was detected by immunohistochemistry. The associations between CTGF expression and allograft fibrosis and CAV formation were analyzed.RESULTS: Allografts harvested at 8-week post-surgery showed more obvious coronary intimal proliferation, fibrosis and higher CTGF expression compared with the 2-week allografts and the controls (P < 0.05-0.01 ) while the cardiac artery density was lower than the control group (P < 0.05). However, the control group in our study showed negligible CTGF expression. There were strong negative correlations between the gray value of CTGF protein expression and cardiac fibrosis and coronary intimal occlusion (r = -0.734, -0.713, P < 0.01), demonstrating that CTGF protein expression was positively correlated with cardiac fibrosis and coronary intimal occlusion.CONCLUSION: CTGF is expressed in cardiac myocyte with CAV. The increased expression of CTGF in the cardiac allograft is associated with CAV development and fibrosis formation and is involved in the pathogenesis of cbronic heart rejection

Objective To explore the application values and the effect of myocardial preservation of right stellate ganglion block in off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (OPCABG). Methods Sixty-two patients with ASA Ⅱ or Ⅲ,aged 50-75 years,scheduled for OPCABG were randomly divided into stellate ganglion block group (group SGB)and control group (group C)with 31 cases each.The patients in group SGB received right-lateral SGB before anesthesia induction.The medications and methods of anesthesia induction in the two groups were identical.Hemodynamics be-fore start of anethesia (T0 ),after induction (T1 ),after intubation tube (T2 ),after sternotomy (T3 ),at the beginning of bypass surgery for interrupted coronary artery (T4 ),at the end of coronary bypass grafting (T5 )were observed.Meanwhile,changes of serum cardiac troponin I (cTnI)and cre-atine phosphokinase MB (CK-MB)at T0 ,6 h (T6 ),12 h (T7 ),24 h (T8 )after operation were also observed.The operative time,the amount of drugs used and postoperative recovery were recored. Results MAP,HR of group SGB increased at T2-T5 compared with T0 ,and MAP,HR of group C significantly increased at T2-T5 comparing with T0 (P <0.05).Compared with those in group SGB, MAP,HR significantly increased at T2-T5 in group C (P <0.05 ).The Concentrations of cTnI and CK-MB of group C increased more obviously than those in group SGB at T6-T8 (P <0.05).Compared with group C,patients in group SGB needed less medication,less hospitalization time in ICU and had faster postoperative recovery.Conclusion SGB for patients during OPCABG stabilizes hemodynamy stability,further reduces myocardial injury,thus protecting myocardium.

Background and purpose:The genesis and progression of cervical cancer are closly related to E6 and E7 oncogenes of HPV.Special ribozyme and antisense oligonucleotide could inhibit the expression of E6 or E7.but both of them were not the best methods.The aim of this study was to investigate the inhibitive effect of chemically synthetic siRNA on E6 gene in the cervical cancer cell line SiHa and the following biological changes of SiHa cells.Methods:Three specific siRNAs targeting to HPV16 E6 were synthesized and transfected into SiHa cells by lipofectamine.The level of E6 mRNA was tested by RT-PCR,proliferation activities,the cell cycle distribution,expression of p53 protein and the ultramicrostructure changes of SiHa cells were detected by MTT,FCM,immunochemistry and TEM respectively.Results:All the 3 siRNAs could inhibit the level of E6 mRNA singificantly,among which siRNA1 was most effective.Decreased cellular proliferation activity was observed by MTT,especially when the cells were transfected with siRNA1 at 50 nmol/L concentration.Flow cytometry revealed obvious G1 arrest in cell cycle.The expression of p53 protein in transfected cells(0.75?0.06)was increased compared to the control group(0.43?0.03),the difference was singificant.Cell-substance concentration and vacuolus were found in endochylema by TEM.Conclusions:Chemically synthetic siRNA can interfere in the expression of E6 mRNA in SiHa cells specifically and induce the biological changes of the target cells.

Objective To study cost-effectiveness of primary cerebral infarction patients. Methods The neural function of primary cerebral infarction patients was studied by the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) with rank test and multiple regression analysis. Results After treatment in hospitals of different grades, no obvious difference was detected in the NIHSS score, but difference was found in therapy cost and therapy time; the NIHSS score and therapy time of primary cerebral infarction patients in different attack positions were obviously different, but therapy cost had no significant statistical difference. The NIHSS score of primary cerebral infarction patients with different treatments was obviously different, but therapy cost and therapy time was not. Conclusions Patients are advised to choose grade hospitals in nearby cities for treatment. Clinician are expected to choose low-cost treatment plan to relieve patients' economic burden.