AIM: To investigate clinical efficacy of two drug therapies ( acyclovir with prednisone acetate tablets, ganciclovir with prednisone acetate tablets and aspirin) for acute retinal necrosis syndrome.
METHODS: Thirty patients (40 eyes) with acute retinal necrosis syndrome in our hospital were randomly divided into group A and B. Group A was treated with acyclovir with prednisone acetate tablets, and group B was given ganciclovir with prednisone acetate tablets and aspirin. Clinical effects in the two groups were observed and compared.
RESULTS: After treatment, the overall response rate in group B (90%) was obviously higher than that in group A (70%), both of two regimens were effective, without significant difference (P>0. 05). There was no significant difference on the pre - treatment visual acuity between the two groups (P>0. 05). After different treatments, the visual acuity in group B was ≥0. 5 in 12 eyes, 0. 1≤and<0. 5 in 4 eyes, 0. 02 ≤ and < 0. 1 in 3 eyes, and no photosensitive in 1 eye. The visual acuity in group A was≥0. 5 in 9 eyes, 0. 1≤and<0. 5 in 3 eyes, 0. 02≤and<0. 1 in 6 eyes, and no photosensitive in 2 eyes. The recovery of visual acuity in group B was obviously better than that in A group ( P < 0. 05). The incidence of complications such as retinal tear, herpes, mouth ulcers, chickenpox, viral encephalitis and central nervous system diseases in group B (10%) was significantly lower than that in A group (35%,P<0. 05).
CONCLUSION: Two drug therapies ( acyclovir with prednisone acetate tablets, ganciclovir with prednisone acetate tablets and aspirin ) both have positive therapeutic effect, but the latter can better restore visual acuity and decrease the complications.

Objective: To investigate the effect of adhesion of Lactobacillus reuteri JCM1081 to enterocyte-like HT-29 cells on filamentous cytoskeleton.Methods:Cultured human intestinal enterocyte-like HT-29 cells were used.Cell permeability was examined in vitro by Evans blue labeled albumin and Examination of F-actin was conducted by direct immuno-fluorescence labeling using fluorescein labeled phalloidin.Results:Lactobacillus reuteri JCM1081 did not alter cell integrity and prevented the increase in permeability induced by enteropathogenic Escherichia coli infection.The distribution of F-actin were also not altered.Conclusion :Lactobacillus reuteri JCM1081 exerts a protective effect against the filamentous cytoskeleton rearrangement and permeability lesions promoted by enteropathogenic Escherichia coli infection.

Objective To detect the effects of bifidobacterium or bifidobacterium cultured supernatant on the mRNA expression of tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6),glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) and the miRNA-146a in rat small intestinal epithelial cell(IEC-6) induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS).Methods IEC-6 in logarithmic phase were randomly divided into LPS group,cultured supernatant group and inactivated bacteria group.All the 3 groups were exposed to 5 mg/L LPS for 5 hours,and then 1 mL sterile saline was added in LPS group and culturing continued for 24 hours ; 1 mL bifidobacterium cultured supernatant was added in cultured supernatant group and culturing continued for 24 hours;1 mL inactivated bifidobacterium 1 x 1010 CFU/L added in inactivated bacteria group and continued culturing for 24 hours.The mRNA expressions of TRAF6,GSK-3 β and miRNA-146a were detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).Results The level of TRAF6,GSK-3 β of culture supematant group (0.72 ± 0.05,0.46 ± 0.14) were all lower than LPS group (1.01 ± 0.14,1.02 ± 0.25),but the level of miRNA-146a(3.05 ± 0.40) was higher than that in LPS group(1.01 ± 0.12),and there were significant differences between them (t =5.278,6.316,13.218,P =0.000).The level of GSK-3 β of inactivated bacteria group(0.59 ±0.13) was significantly lower than that in LPS group(t =4.837,P =0.000).The levels of TRAF6 and miRNA-146a of inactivated bacteria group(1.05 ±0.11,0.78 ±0.22) had no significant differences with LPS group (t =0.732,1.463,P ＞ 0.05).The level of TRAF6 of cultured supernatant group was lower than that in inactivated bacteria group,and the level of miRNA-146a was higher than that in inactivated bacteria group,and there were significant differences between 2 groups (t =6.009,14.687,P =0.000).Conclusions Bifidobacterium cultured supernatant and inactivated bacteria both have certain protective effect on the IEC-6 induced by LPS.One of the protective mechanisms of bifidobacterium cultured supernatant may be achieved by elevating the expression of miRNA-146a,and decreasing the levels of inflammation related factor TRAF6 and damage related factor GSK-3β.The protective effects of inactivated bifidobacterium may be achieved by decreasing the level of damage related factor GSK-3β.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the spectrum of organisms causing purulent endophthalmitis and to identify the variance of bacterial spectra and their sensitivities to commonly used antibiotics.METHODS The medical records of patients with purulent endophthalmitis receiving pathogen examination in Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center from Jan 2000 to Dec 2006 were analyzed retrospectively.RESULTS Of the 416 cases,82.0% purulent endophthalmistis were caused by ocular trauma and the organisms were isolated in 181(43.5%)of them.Among the pathogens isolated,14.9%,47.5%,9.9% and 27.6% were fungi,Gram-positive cocci,Gram-positive bacilli and Gram-negative bacilli,respectively.The fungal endophthalmistis was sporadic per annum.The most common bacterial pathogen was staphylococcus epidermidis(33.1%) which increased year by year.The most common Gram-negative bacterium was Escherichia coli(10.5%).Among the common pathogens,the Gram-positive cocci were sensitive to fluoroquinolones and cefoperazone,and the Gram-positive bacilli were sensitive to aminoglycosides and cefoperazone while the Gram-negative bacilli were resistant to various kinds of antibiotics in different degree.CONCLUSIONS The purulent endophthalmistis should be monitored in patients with open ocular injury.Fluoroquinolones with cefoperazone to treat the ocular inflammation are a preferred therapeutic regimen for patients with bacterial endophthalmitis with unknown etiopathogenesis.

Objective To study the effect of inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase inhibitor (IMPDHI) on chemotaxis, migration and endocytosis of human peripheral myeloid dendritic cells (MDCs). Methods Freshly isolated peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMC)collected from healthy volunteers (N=15) and the study group were treated with IMPDHI. CC chemokine receptors on MDCs were analyzed by flow cytometry. The study group, control group and different chemokines were added via trans-well approach for different chemokines, stained by Lin-1/CD11c/HLA-DR and counted by flow cytometry. The migration index was calculated as a percentage of MDC migrated in response to the tested chemokine. After isolation of blood dendritic cell antigen-1+ (BDCA-1+ ), mannose receptor-mediated endocytosis was measured as the cellular uptake of FITC-dextran by the flow cytometry. Results (1) Compared to the control group, the expression of CCR1 in the study group was up-regulated significantly(17.02±3.23～30.63±9.13, P＜0.05) and the expressions of CCR3(10.26±2.25～5.81±0.97 P＜0.05) and CCR7 (9.56± 1.84～5.18±0.60 P＜0.05)were downregulated significantly. MDCs in the study group showed enhanced migratory response to inflammatory chemokine CCL2, CCL3, CCL4, CCL7 and CXCL12 (P＜0.05). (2)The endocytosis capacity in the study group was significantly higher than that in control group (P ＜0.05). Conclusion IMPDHI enhances the endocytotic capacity of MDCs and impairs the migratory response of peripheral MDCs to lymphocytic tissue by up-regulating the expression of chemokine receptor in MDCs and enhancing migratory response to inflammatory chemokines.

Objective: To establish a female SPF BALB/c mouse model of antibiotic-associated intestinal microflora disturbance and analyze the effect of lactobacillus acidophilus.Methods: Female SPF BALB/c mice were treated with ceftriaxone in drinking water for five days,and followed by oral gavage of sodium chloride as natural recovery group or lactobacillus acidophilus(108CFU/mL) as therapeutic group.After seven days the intestinal microflora of the cecum content was abstracted and computed by plate counts and 16S rDNA-based PCR-DGGE method.Results: Plate counts indicated that the number of original bacterium lacticum and bacillus bifidus decreased significantly and enterococci proliferated abnormally after antibiotic treatment.After lactobacillus acidophilus treatment,the number of physiological bacteria and enterococci go back to normal levels.DGGE profile clearly indicated that the dominant bacteria changed and the bacterial diversity of intestinal microbiota was obviously decreased in the antibiotics treated group. Conclusion: Oral gavage of lactobacillus acidophilus has adjustment effect on Ceftriaxone induced intestinal microbiota disturbance.PCR-DGGE is a rapid、effective molecule method to reveal the whole microbiota status.

OBJECTIVE:To compare whether the numbers and species of strains of5probiotic products for medical pur-poses sold in the market are in line with those stated on the labels.METHODS:Viable count of probiotic products was per-formed by selective plating count method and species of the isolated strains were analyzed and identified using16S rDNA se-quencing.RESULTS:Regarding viable count,only one of the total25batches of samples in5products was lower than that stated on the label.As for species,of the10isolated strains,3failed to be in consistent with that stated on the label.CONCLU_ SIONS:For the5products investigated,inconformity was noted between strain species and that stated on the labels,however,the same viable counts are noted between the products and that stated on the labels.

Objective To explore the correlation between postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD)and serum level of S100βand NSE in patients undergoing on-pump heart valve replacement. Methods Ninety-eight patients underwent elective heart valve replacement were enrolled and divided into two groups:POCD group (group P)and none POCD group(group NP)by the result of neurocog-nitive testing with MMSE performed preoperatively and on the first postoperative day.Serum S-100βprotein and NSE were measured before operation(T0 ),at the end of operation(T1 ),24 h(T2 )and 48 h(T3 ) postoperatively.Results The incidence of POCD on the first postoperative day was 45 (45.9%).Compared with T0 ,the S100βincreased at T1 in both groups (P <0.05),NSE increased at T1 and T2 in both groups,and NSE increased in group NP at T3 (P <0.05).There was no signifi-cant difference of NSE between groups P and NP.The prolonged recovery time(OR = 1.222,P =0.004)and increased concentration of S100βat the end of operation(OR=1.85,P =0.009)were pre-dictors of POCD on the first postoperative day.Conclusion There was a higher incidence of POCD af-ter on-pump heart valve replacement surgery.The prolonged recovery time and increased concentra-tion of S100βat the end of operation might be predictors of POCD.

ObjectiveTo assess the value of the area of ground glass opacities (GGOs) in lungs displayed by high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) in paraquat (PQ) poisoned patients in evaluating prognosis. Methods Clinical and imaging data of 137 patients with acute PQ poisoning admitted to Affiliated Hospital of the Medical College of Chinese People's Armed Police Forces from January 2012 to August 2014 were analyzed retrospectively. The plasma concentration of PQ on admission and the area of GGOs were compared between two groups. The lung HRCT within 10 days of poisoning was performed every 3 days, and the areas of GGOs were evaluated on five levels, including aortic arch, aortic pulmonary window, left upper lobe bronchial, right inferior pulmonary vein, and left diaphragmatic dome. Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was plotted to evaluate the value of all the parameters for prognosis.Results Among 137 patients, 45 died within 28 days after poisoning, with the mortality rate of 32.85%. The plasma PQ level in the non-survivors was significantly higher than that in the survivors (mg/L:7.06±0.67 vs. 3.51±0.34,t = 5.280,P = 0.000). The areas of GGOs at three time points in the non-survivors were significantly higher than those in the survivors [1-3 days: (32.0±5.0)% vs. (2.5±0.4)%,t = 7.860,P = 0.000;4-6 days: (45.5±5.7)% vs. (2.8±0.5)%,t = 12.420,P = 0.000; 7-10 days: (68.0±4.8)% vs. (3.0±0.6)%, t = 23.950,P = 0.000]. ROC analysis demonstrated that the area under the ROC curve (AUC) of GGOs in 7-10 days was 1.000, which could be used to determine the prognosis, but it was too late for the treatment. The AUC of GGOs in 4-6 days was 0.979, with the threshold of> 12.0%, the specificity of 96.15%, the sensitivity of 85.19%, the positive predictive value of 88.46%, and the negative predictive value of 94.94%, which presented good effect in predicting prognosis in the early stage of acute PQ intoxication. But plasma PQ concentration was relatively poor for determining prognosis, AUC was 0.821, with the threshold of> 1.95 mg/L, the specificity of 34.52%, the sensitivity of 88.64%, the positive predictive value of 41.49%, and the negative predictive value of 85.29%.Conclusions The area of GGOs displayed by HRCT can be used to evaluate the fully developed acute PQ lung injury, and it is superior to plasma PQ concentration. The area of GGOs displayed by HRCT 4-6 days after intoxication can be used for the evaluation of PQ induced pulmonary injury in the early stage and the evaluation of clinical prognosis.

Objective To investigate the relationship between personal disposable income and female depression,and to examine the moderating roles of personality in this link.Methods The demographic questionnaire,self-rating depression scale (SDS) and eysenck's personality questionnaire short scale (EPQ-RSC) were used to survey 139 cases of married female patients with depression.Results Personal disposable income could be used to significantly and negatively predict female depression(β=-0.669,P＜0.01).The interaction between personal disposable income and introversion-extroversion,personal disposable income and neuroticism was significant (β=0.142,P＜0.05.β=-0.232,P＜0.01).In the groups of higher and lower scores on the introversion-extroversion dimension,personal disposable income could be used to significantly predict female depression(β=-0.397,P ＜0.05.β=-0.452,P＜0.05).In the group of higher scores on the neuroticism dimension,personal disposable income could be used to significantly predict female depression(β=-0.553,P＜0.01),but not in the group of lower scores(β=-0.349,P＞0.05).Conclusion Personal disposable income has significantly negative prediction effect on female depression,and introversion-extroversion and neuroticism have significant moderating effects on the relationship between personal disposable income and female depression.