Objective This article aims to provide mechanisms and recent developments of molecular biology pertaining to re-sistance of Enterococci,providing rapid approaches for detecting resistant strains.Methods This article reviewed recent lit-eratures on resistance of Enterococci and a systemic analysis was conducted.Results Common detecting methods include polymerase chain reaction (PCR),pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE),multilocus sequence typing (MLST)and South-ern blot.There also exist less widely-used methods such as pyrosequencing and genechip technique,which may prove effi-cient in some aspects.Conclusion Every method has its advantages and disadvantages.This article discussed how to utilize these methods to achieve their maximum capabilities.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the role of Keap1-Nrf2-ARE pathway in laryngeal carcinoma occurrence and development. METHOD: Thirty-five laryngeal carcinoma samples and para-carcinoma tissues were taken from the patients who accepted operation treatment in our hospital from Feb 2012 to Sep 2013. The expression levels of Nrf2 and Keap1 were detected in 35 cases of laryngeal carcinoma with SP immunohistochemical methods. The data were analyzed by the SPSS 13.0 statistical software. RESULT: The expression of Nrf2 in the 35 cases of laryngeal carcinoma was 77.14%, which in the para-carcinoma tissues was 8.57%, the difference between these two groups was statistically significant (P < 0.01). The expression of Keap1 in the 35 cases of laryngeal carcinoma was 71.43%, which in the para-carcinoma tissues was 31.43%, the difference between these two groups was statistically significant (P < 0.01). The expression of Nrf2 in I -II stage was 65.00% and in III-IV stage was 93.33%, the difference was significant (P < 0.05). The expression of Keap1 in I-II stage was 55.00% and in III-IV stage was 93.33%, the difference was significant (P < 0.05). Of the 35 cases, the positive expression rate of Nrf2 and Keap1 in laryngeal carcinoma with lymphnode metastasis were both 100.00%, compared with those without lymph nodes metastasis 68.00% and 60.00%, the difference was significant (P < 0.05). The expression of Nrf2 and Keap1 had no relationship with tumor differentiation, smoking and patient age (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION Keap1-Nrf2-ARE pathway may play an important role in progression of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma.
Biomarkers, Tumor ; metabolism ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; metabolism ; Head and Neck Neoplasms ; metabolism ; Humans ; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ; metabolism ; Kelch-Like ECH-Associated Protein 1 ; Laryngeal Neoplasms ; metabolism ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; NF-E2-Related Factor 2 ; metabolism ; Neoplasm Staging ; Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck

As a crucial part of the DNA damage repair process,the expression of excision repair cross-complementing group 1 (ERCC1 )is closely related to the genesis and development of gastric cancer.Studies find that ERCC1 gene polymorphism can alter the expression of the gene itself,which affects the sensitivity and efficacy of platinum-based chemotherapy.Therefore,the detection of ERCC1 polymorphism may guide the indi-vidualized chemotherapy of the patients with gastric cancer.

Objective To study whether Helicobacter pylori CagA protein can control gastrin gene expression and the detailed mechanism. Methods First, pcDNA3. 1ZEO (-)/cagA7 was transfected into gastric cancer cell lines AGS and SGC-7901 cells. At the same time, culturing the Helicobacter pylori NCTC11637 and infecting AGS and SGC-7901 cells with it. Next, in the infected and transfecled AGS and SGC-7901 cells, respectively adding the JAK2 signaling pathway inhibitor AG490 and the ERK signaling pathway inhibitor U0126 to inhibit the two signaling pathway. Untreated gastric cancer cells and empty vector transfected cells as the control. Using real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR to detect the levels of gastrin mRNA in transfected and infected cells. Results After AGS and SGC-7901 cells were transfected with pcDNA3. lZE0(-)/cagA7 and infected with NCTC11637, the results showed that the expression of gastrin mRNA increased significantly (P ＜ 0. 05) in transfected and infected cells as compared with the control group, but after adding the inhibitor AG490 and U0126 respectively, the expression of gastrin mRNA decreased significantly(P＜0.05). Conclution These results suggest that CagA may up-regulate the expression of the gastrin gene, and CagA is one of the important proteins in regulating gastrin gene expression. The ERK/MAPK and JAK/STAT signaling pathways may be involved in controlling of gastrin gene expression by CagA.

Humans ; Radiography ; Retroperitoneal Fibrosis ; diagnostic imaging

The astaxanthin synthesized by Phaffia rhodozyma is a commercially valuable carotenoid. Related advances in the biosynthetic pathway of astaxanthin and the regulatory mechanisms of biosynthesis in Phaffia rhodozyma in recent years were reviewed.The innovating research aspects in related fields in China were also proposed.

Some studies on nocardiosis in cultured fish were critically reviewed,including pathogenic bacterium,taxonomy,pathogenicity,histopathologically,diagnosis,controlling method and immunology. Some problem and advice on this disease were suggested.

Objective To study the effect of high soluble oxygen fluid (HSOF) therapy on the expression of serum matrix metallop roteinases-9 (MMP-9) in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Methods 66 patients with ICH were randomized into routine therapy group and HSOF+ routine therapy group The levels of serum MMP-9 were detected by ELISA for at 1 d,3 d, 7d and 2 weeks after therapy. Results The expression of MMP-9 in both two groups was higher than that in the control group (P

Objective To explore Sex differences of total homocysteine(tHcy) levels,and relationship between serum creatinine and homocysteine,and renal regulation to homocysteine in patients with cerebrovascular diseases within normal serum creatinine concentrations. Methods The levels of fasting serum tHcy?Scr?triglyceride(TG)?total cholesterol(TCHO)?high density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C)?high density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)were determinedin groups of cerebral infarction(CI,278 males and 160 females),cerebral hemorrhage(CH,22 males and 16 females)and transient ischemic attacks(TIAs,27 males and 20 females).The situation that patients along with hypertension and diabetes mellitus were also investigated in three groups. Results Comparison in three groups:the tHcy concentrations were significantly higher in CI than in TIAs(P 0.05). Sex comparison(327 males,196 females,from CI,CH,TIAs):the tHcy concentration were significantly higher in males than females[P

Objective To investigate the value of dual-energy virtual unenhanced and dual-energy iodine value distribution diagram type of kidney cancer.Methods A retrospective analysis of 35 cases of renal cell carcinoma dual-energy CT scan data,compared to kidney pathology data,analyze the image quality and radiation dose dual-energy virtual unenhanced and dual energy distribution of iodine in clear cell carcinoma and non-clear cell carcinoma the differences that exist.Results Unenhanced and virtual unenhanced image quality was quite,CT value (routine unenhanced renal parenchyma 31.90±4.10 HU,abdominal aortic 45.60±6.30 HU,psoas 50.00±6.6 HU3,kidney 1.410±17.06 HU; virtual unenhanced renal parenchyma abdominal aortic 33.20±5.50 HU,48.30±8.00 HU,52.40±10.63 HU psoas kidney 0.87±17.48 HU),signal to noise ratio (routine unenhanced renal abdominal aorta 3.22±1.49,5.13±2.57,4.56±2.12 psoas kidney 3.24±2.27 virtual unenhanced renal abdominal aorta 2.73±1.08,3.79±1.64,3.23±1.35 psoas kidney 2.18± 1.57) had not significantly different (P ＞ 0.05).Clear cell carcinoma of the skin medullart junction of iodinedistribution of images Iodine (2.75±1.05) mg/ml was higher than non-clear cell carcinoma (1.25±0.72) mg/ml,the difference was statistically significant (t =7.048,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions CT examination in patients with renal cell carcinoma virtual unenhanced image quality is similar with routine unenhanced image quality,it reduces radiation dose.The distribution of iodine can provide more diagnostic information that can help us be more intuitive and accurate judgments of the blood supply and kidney cancer subtypes.