Objective To evaluate the feasibility and application of histopathology diagnosis of endometrial tissues obtained by endometrial cell collector (Jingyou, SAP-1). Methods One hundred and ninety-three patients whose endometrial lesions should be excluded were selected. First, endometrial tissue were obtained from the patients by Jingyou, then they underwent comprehensive curettage under hysteroscopy. The histopathology diagnosis was performed respectively. The specimen satisfaction rate and diagnostic accuracy was analyzed and compared. Results The specimen satisfaction rate of curettage under hysteroscopy was 95.85%(185/193). The specimens of 8 cases were not satisfied because the tissues were not enough. The specimen satisfaction rate of Jingyou was 82.38% (159/193). The specimens of 34 cases were not satisfied, among whom in 10 cases scratches did not throughout the whole palace antrum, and in 24 cases tissues quality were poor. The endometrial thickness in unsatisfactory specimen by Jinyou was significantly thinner than that in satisfactory specimen:(0.64 ± 0.18) cm vs. (0.97 ± 0.43) cm, and there was statistical difference (P<0.05). The diagnostic accordance rate between Jingyou and curettage under hysteroscopy was 79.87%(127/159). The sensitivity of Jingyou from high to low was 94.19% (81/86) in normal menstrual endometrial, 7/10 in endometrial carcinoma/ atypical hyperplasia, 67.86%(38/56) in endometrial hyperplasia and 1/7 in endometrial polyps. Missed diagnosis of jingyou inluded 2 cases of endometrial carcinoma and 4 cases of endometrial atypical hyperplasia. The misdiagnosed rate of high grade endometrial lesions was 6/16, and the patients were misdiagnosed because the tissues were not enough. Four cases of endometrial atypical hyperplasia had underwent conservative treatment of repeated curettage. Conclusions Application of Jingyou can obtain micro endometrial tissues, and the accordance rate of histopathology diagnosis is high with curettage under hysteroscopy. When the collector makes a comprehensive collection to the uterine cavity specimen, it can accurately screen endometrial carcinoma and atypical hyperplasia. The patients who have endometrial atypical hyperplasia and receive conservative treatment and curettage repeatedly curettage, thin endometrium and ultrasonic highly suspected endometrial polyps, are not recommend to use Jingyou to obtain specimen. When the specimen is not satisfied using the collector, additional hysteroscopy should be performed to avoid misdiagnosis of high grade endometrial lesions.

Objective To investigate the protective effects and molecular mechanism of peroxisome proliferate-activated receptor α(PPARα) activation on acute myocardial damage induced by isoproterenol (Iso) in rats. Methods Thirty male Wistar rats, weighting 160～180 g, were randomly divided into control group, Iso group, fenafibrate(FF) group(each n=10) according to physique quantity. Acute myocardial injury caused by Iso abdomen cavity injection induced ischemia was established and the protective effects of peroxisome proliferate-activated receptor α activation were accessed by the level of ereatine kinase(CK), lactic dehydrogenase(LDH) in serum as well as the activities of myoperoxidase(MPO) in myocardium, and the protein expressions of PPABα in myocardium by Western blot. Results The level of serum CK in control group, lso group and FF group, was (62.41±9.47),(101.71±11.05),(75.64±11.73)kU/L, respectively(F= 34.34, P<0.01). Whereas the level of serum CK in Iso group and FF group was higher than that in control group(P<0.01 or<0.05), the level of serum CK in FF group was lower than that in Iso group(P<0.01). The levels of LDH in these three groups were (5912.20±204.44), (6365.78±137.10), (6089.76±169.60) U/L, respectively(F= 17.54, P<0.01). Compared with the control group, the levels of LDH in Iso and Fir groups were significantly increased(P<0.01 or<0.05). But the level of LDH in FIr group was decreased compared with that in Iso group(P<0.01). The activities of myocardial MPO in these three groups were (1.95±0.10),(3.89±0.17),(2.49±0.19)U/g, espectively(F=391.68,P< 0.01). The activities of myocardial MPO in Iso and FF groups were higher than that in the control group (all P< 0.01), while the activities of myocardial MPO in FIr group were lower than that in lso group(P<0.01). The protein expressions of PPARα in myocardium of these three groups were 251.57±10.95,191.97±10.74,215.08±9.61, respectively(F=82.69, P<0.01). Conclusion PPARα activation by its actor FF can exert protective effects on the acute myocardial ischemia injury induced by lso in rats through inhibiting the release of inflammatory cell factors.

Acute Disease ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Toluene ; poisoning ; Xylenes ; poisoning ; Young Adult

Objective To establish a sensitive HPLC method with UV detection for the determination of tanshinone Ⅱ_A(TSⅡ_A) and cryptotanshinone(CT) in rat plasma and to study pharmacokinetics of Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae(RSM) liposoluble components in rat in vivo. Methods TS Ⅱ_A and CT in plasma of rat at different sampling time were determined by pretreatment with Gemifibrozil as internal standard,the protein was precipitated in methanol solution after iv administration of alcohol extract of RSM 5 mg/per animal.The mean plasma concentration-time curve was protracted and pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated by 3p87.Results The main pharmacokinetic parameters of TS Ⅱ_A were as follows: t_(1/2?) was(0.088?0.024) h;t_(1/2?) was(2.1?0.7) h;V_C was(0.8?0.6) L;CL was(2.0?1.1) L/h~(-1);AUC_(0-4) and AUC_(0-∞) were(2.2?0.9) mg?h/L and(3.4?1.7) mg?h/L,respectively.Conclusion The concentration-time curve of TS Ⅱ_A can be fitted to two-compartment model after ethanol extract of RSM iv administrated.Concentration of TS Ⅱ_A in rat plasma declines rapidly with large apparent volume of distribution.CT decreases also rapidly and it is difficult to acquire its pharmacokinetic parameters in rat.

Objective:To observe the efficacy of cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cells on patients with advanced lung cancer. Methods:A total of 90 patients with advanced lung cancer were identified from January 2011 to December 2013. CIK therapy was given to 41 pa-tients in the observation group, whereas the other 49 patients in the control group received the best support treatments without che-motherapy or radiotherapy within one month of inclusion. Following up was conducted for the patients in the two groups, and KPS scores, median survival, and adverse reactions compared. Results:The KPS score in the observation group was higher than that of the control group after treatment (P=0.034). The median survival period of the observation group was eight months, which was one month longer than that of the control group (P=0.044). Major adverse reactions included fever, joint pain, and insomnia, which were recorded 51.22%, 36.58%, and 29.27%of occurrence, respectively. Conclusion:CIK cell therapy improved the quality of life and pro-longed the survival of advanced lung cancer patients with tolerable adverse reactions.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the effect and safety of L-carnitine in the treatment of idiopathic oligoasthenozoospermia based on current clinical evidence.

METHODSWe searched the Cochrane Library, PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, CNKI, VIP, CBM and Wanfang Database from the establishment to April 2014 for the published literature on the treatment of idiopathic oligoasthenozoospermia with L-carnitine. We conducted literature screening, data extraction, and assessment of the methodological quality of the included trials according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, followed by statistical analysis with the RevMan 5. 2 software.

RESULTSSeven randomized controlled trials involving 751 patients with idiopathic oligoasthenozoospermia met the inclusion criteria, and 678 of them were included in the meta-analysis. L-carnitine treatment achieved a significantly increased rate of spontaneous pregnancy as compared with the control group (RR = 3.2, 95% CI 1.74 to 5.87, P = 0.0002). After 12-16 and 24-26 weeks of medication, total sperm motility (WMD = 5.21, 95% CI 2.78 to 7.64, P < 0.0001 and WMD = 9.29, 95% CI 1.28 to 17.29, P = 0.02) and the percentage of progressively motile sperm (WMD = 12.44, 95% CI 4.58 to 20.31, P = 0.002 and WMD = 9.76, 95% CI 3.56 to 15.97, P = 0.002) were remarkably higher than those in the control group, but no statistically significant differences were observed in sperm concentration between the two groups (WMD = 4.91, 95% CI -2.63 to 12.45, P = 0.2 and WMD = 0.93, 95% CI -3.48 to 5.34, P = 0.68). After 12-16 weeks of treatment, the percentage of morphologically abnormal sperm was markedly decreased in the L-carnitine group as compared with the control (WMD = -2.48, 95% CI -4.35 to -0.61, P = 0.009), but showed no significant difference from the latter group after 24-26 weeks (WMD = -4.38, 95% CI -9.66 to 0.89, P = 0.1). No statistically significant difference was found in the semen volume between the two groups after 12-16 or 24-26 weeks of medication (WMD = -0.13, 95% CI -0.43 to 0.18, P = 0.42 and WMD = 0.28, 95% CI -0.02 to 0.58, P = 0.07). No serious L-carnitine-related adverse events were reported in 4 of the randomniized controlled trials.

CONCLUSIONThe current evidence indicates that L-carnitine can improve spontaneous pregnancy and semen parameters in the treatment of idiopathic oligoasthenozoospermia, with no serious adverse reactions.

Asthenozoospermia ; drug therapy ; Carnitine ; adverse effects ; pharmacology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Rate ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic ; Semen Analysis ; Sperm Count ; Sperm Motility

Objective To explore the expression and role of Toll receptor 4(TLR4)in human proximal tubular epithelial cell line HK-2,infected by HBV. Methods The serum of HBV DNA copies between 107-108/ml was collected. Before and after infected by HBV DNA positive serum. the HK-2 cells' morphology and the expression of α-smooth muscle actin(α-SMA)were observed by microscopy and immunofluorescence, and the effects of different concentrations of lipopolysaccharides(U)S.TLR4-stimulating factor)and CLI-095(TLR4 Inhibitor)on the proliferation rate of HK-2 cells were observed by MTT assays. After HBV serum and 10μg/ml LPS and 5μl/ml CLI-095 acted on HK-2 cells,TLR4 protein expression was measured by immunofluorescence and Western-blotting assay, and HBsAg and HBeAg in cell culture medium were detected by ELISA. and HBV DNA copies by fluorescence quantitative PCR. Results The longer HBV infected HK-2 cells, the more irregular of the cells' shape, the fewer number of the cells were left. But compared with HBV infected after 24 hours, α-SMA was more expressed after HBV infected 12 hours. After infected by HBV serum in 24 hours.HK-2 cells' proliferation rate was positively correlation in a dose range of LPS, but was negatively correlated with the CLI-095(P＜0.05＝.The levels of HBsAg and HBeAg in cell culture medium were largest when the LPS concentration was at 10μg/ml and CLI-095 at 5μg/ml.The expression of TLR4 significantly increased in HK-2 cells treated with LPS compared with those with CLI-095.but HBV DNA levels and HBsAg and HBeAg expression levels were lower. Conclusions HBV infection may promote cell transdifferentiation and cell injury. The stimulation of HK-2 infected with HBV by LPS may upregulate the expression of TLR4 and reduce the copies of HBV DNA.

0.05) in incidence rate for bone marrow suppression,gastrointestinal reaction,hepatic damage and mucosa damage and infection between different therapic courses.Central nervous system leukemia(CNSL) occured in one high risk case followed up at 12 month after complete remission(CR);the incidence rate was 12.5%.Conclusions HD-MTX is practicable in basic-level hospitals,as long as there are perfect preparation,fitness hydration and alkalization and leucovorin rescue being used in time.

ObjectiveTo investigate the expression and distribution of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) in renal tissue of HBV associated nephropathy (HBV-GN) and its role in the pathogenesis and clinical manifestations of HBV-GN.MethodsRenal tissues were sampled from 48 HBV-GN patients confirmed by renal biopsy and 154 non-HBV-GN patients.The distribution of TLR4 in renal tissue and the relationship between the distribution of TLR4 and HBsAg were detected by immunohistochemistry.Integrating case record,correlations between the expression of TLR4 with clinical parameters including pathology,glomeruli,kidney tubules lesions,renal interstitial inflammatory infiltration and blood serum HBV were analyzed.ResultsTLR4 mainly distributed in the renal tubular epithelial cells and interstitial areas as brownish red and granular,which was in consistent with HBsAg distribution.The TLR4 positive rate and score in HBV-GN group were higher than those in non-HBV-GN group (P ＜ 0.05 ).TLR4 positive score was slightly higher in mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis group and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis group,which had no significant difference (P ＞ 0.05).Kidney tubules lesions were strongly associated with TLR4 expression (r =0.748,P ＜ 0.001 ) which increased with aggravation of renal interstitial fibrosis ( r =0.569,P ＜0.001 ),tubular atrophy ( r =0.577,P ＜ 0.001 ) and inflammatory cell infiltration ( r =0.684,P ＜0.001 ).No obvious correlation with glomeruli lesions was observed ( r =0.293,P =0.053 ).Negative correlation could be seen between TLR4 and the renal function ( R2 =0.784),systolic blood pressure ( R2 =0.869),high sensitivity C-reactive protein (R2 =0.979) and urinary protein (R2 =0.615 ) by regression analysis.Other clinical parameters had no statistical significances.ConclusionsThe expression of TLR4 is abnormal in the renal tissue of HBV-GN patients,mainly in renal tubular epithelial cells and interstitial,which is consistent with the distribution of HBsAg.Its intensity is closely related with renal interstitial lesions,renal function changes and inflammatory cell infiltration.A speculation,that HBV can promote abnormal expression of TLR4 in renal tissues of HBV-GN which may be involved in the lesion progress of HBV-GN,is made upon our study.

Objective To investigate the expression of Notch 1 receptor in renal tissues of patients with hepatitis B virus associated-glomerulonephritis (HBV-GN) and its role in the pathogenesis of HBV-GN.Methods A total of 48 patients with HBV-GN confirmed by renal biopsy during 2008-2010 were enrolled in the study.Distribution of Notch1 receptor in renal tissue of HBV-GN was detected by immunohistochemistry and the association between the distribution of Notch1 receptor and HBsAg was examined by double-label immunofluorescence assays.Correlations of Notch1 receptor expression with renal pathology and clinical parameters of HBV-GN were analyzed.Results Notch1 receptor distributed mainly in renal tubular epithelial cells and interstitial area as brownish red granules,and a few expression in glomerulus was also found.The positive score of Notch1 receptor expression in HBV-GN patients was significantly higher as compared to primary glomerulonephritis patients with serum HBsAg positive or negative and normal renal tissue controls.Notch1 receptor expression was more obvious in membrano-proliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN) and mesangial proliferative nephritis (MsPGN) patients,but there was no significant difference among the different pathology groups.Distribution of Notch1 receptor was consistent with the distribution of HBsAg and its intensity was positively correlated with renal interstitial fibrosis (r=0.473,P=0.001),tubular atrophy (r=0.690,P=0.000),inflammatory cell infiltration (r=0.616,P=0.000).Negative correlation was found between renal function and the intensity of Notch1 receptor (r=-0.393,P=0.006).Conclusions Notch1 receptor expression increases in the renal tissues of HBV-GN patients and distributes mainly in renal tubular epithelial cells and interstitium,which is consistent with the distribution of HBsAg.Its intensity is closely correlated with renal interstitial lesions and renal function.Abnormal expression of Notchl receptor in renal tissue of HBV-GN may be involved in the progress of HBV-GN.