With the development of space exploration,high performance extravehicular activity(EVA) space suit portable life support system(PLSS) is expected.In this paper,the research progress of PLSS for EVA is introduced.The techniques of CO2 removal system and H2O removal system are key parts of PLSS.These concepts are compared and analyzed.Prospects of development of PLSS are proposed.Those mature,reliable techniques should be adopted for our country.Regenerative PLSS facilities should be investigated simultaneously.

Objective To provide a more accurate calculation method for design of condensing heat exchanger (CHX) through an in depth discussion about working conditions of the CHX commonly used in temperature and humidity control system of manned spacecraft.Methods With difference of the simplified configuration of CHX,a mathematical model was given.Specifically,the log-mean temperature difference (LMTD) method was used in dry conditions,while in wet conditions mass and energy conservation equations were used.The set of equations of the model were solved by using the shooting method provided by Matlab/Simulink program.Results The results of working conditions and the performance of heat transfer and dehumidification of CHX were determined.Analysis showed that the simulation model could evaluate performance of the CHX in different work conditions reasonably and the results were close to the physical phenomenon.Conclusion The simulation models are of significance for design and optimization of CHX both in manned spacecraft temperature and humidity control system and in aircraft environmental control system.

Background Researches showed that the mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis and autophagy play an important role in the survival of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) in glaucoma.However,whether high pressure will lead to mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis and autophagy is not elucidated.Objective This study was conducted to explore whether elevated pressure can directly induce the mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis and autophagy in cultured RGC-5 cells in vitro.Methods RGC-5 cells were exposed to self-made pressure device and treated by 0,20,40 and 60 mmHg pressure for four hours in pressurized bottles.RGC-5 cells were incubated simultaneously in sealed incubator bottles and served as normal control.The morphological changes of the cells were examined under the inverted phase-contrast microscope.The apoptosis percentages of the cells were detected by flow cytometry.Mitochondrial membrane potentials of the cells were assessed using the JC-1,a fluorescent dye.And the expressions of cytochrome C (Cyt-c),microtubule associated protein light chain 3 (LC3) and Beclin-1 protein in the cells was detected by Western blot.Results Cultured cells showed fusiform shape in the normal control group and 0 mmHg group with more dendritic process.The cell density was obviously reduced and the number of dead cells was increased in the 20,40 and 60 mmHg groups.The apoptotic percentage was (15.69 ± 0.77)％,(15.77 ± 1.14)％,(18.30± 1.07) ％,(23.28 ± 1.33)％ and (34.47± 1.17)％ in the normal control group and 0,20,40 and 60 mmHg groups,respectively,showing a significant intergroup difference (F =150.90,P＜0.001),and the apoptotic percentage in the 40 mmHg group and 60 mmHg group was significantly increased in comparison with the normal control group (both at P＜0.01).The mitochondrial membrane potential was high in the normal control group and 0 mmHg group,with the reddish fluorescence in the cells,and the reddish fluorescence was weakened in the 20 mmHg group and 40 mmHg group.The lowing of mitochondrial membrane potential was seen in the 60 mmHg group,with the green fluorescence.Compared with the normal control group,the expression of Cyt-c,LC3-Ⅱ and Beclin-1 proteins in pressured groups was correspondingly increased (all at P＜0.05).Conclusions Elevated pressure induces the morphologic change of RGC-5 cells,results in mitochondrial membrane potential reduction and mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis and autophagy.

[Objective] To establish the contents determining means of baicalin in Jinchaihuang granules.[Methods] Baicalin was carried out by HPLC.[Results] Baicalin showed a good linear relatiaoship at a range of 0.157~1.256?g,r=0.9997.The average recovery was 101.31%,and RSD was 1.26%.[Conclusion]The methods are accurate and quick,and can be used for the quality control of Gujingdan granules.

Adolescent ; Electrocardiography ; Female ; Humans ; Myocarditis ; complications ; physiopathology ; Tachycardia, Ventricular ; etiology ; physiopathology

Objective To establish a RP-HPLC method for the determination of encapsulation efficiency (EE) and medicine loading (ML) in β-elemene-loaded Nano Polymeric Micelles; To study its release characteristic in vitro. Methods DSPE-PEG2000 was used as carrier to prepare medicine-loaded micelles. EE and ML were determined by petroleum ether extraction method, and its release characteristic in vitro was studied by dialysis method. Results The average EE and ML ofβ-elemene-loaded Nano Polymeric Micelles were 89.47%and 8.33%, respectively. Its release characteristic was slow. Conclusion The method for EE and ML determination is simple and accurate, and the prepared micelles have the property of sustained release.

[Objective]To examine the effects of fast setting calcium phosphate scaffold on human mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs) adhesion and proliferation.[Method]Scaffolds were self-hardened in molds.Three ml human bone marrow aspirates,taken form the iliac crest of normal donors were suspended in low glucose DMEM supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum.Atfer 72 hours the nonadherent cells were removed by changing medium,and the adherent layer cultured until it reached 80% conference.Cultured cells at passage 3 were used for the experiments.MSCs were seeded on calcium phosphate scaffold.The cell-scaffold constructs were cultured with complete media for 1 week.Scanning electron microscope(SEM)and the terazolium-based colorimetric assay(MTT test)examinations were performed.[Result]When cells were cultured in scaffolds in vitro,the number of cells on scaffold increased with time.SEM showed that the scaffold had a three-dimensional interconnected pore structure.The cells appeared to infiltrate into the macropores of the scaffold and the extracellular matrix components were observed.[Conclusion]This study demonstrates that the fast setting calcium phosphate scaffold has good biocompatibility,cells are able to adhere and proliferate on scaffold specimens,and it is a good substrate candidate for tissue engineered bone substitute.

Asaprimarilyused plasticizerin polyvinyl chloride,d(i2-ethylhexy)lphthalate(DEHP)is extensively used in consumer products,flooring and wall coverings,food contact applications,and medical devices.Because DEHP has been detected in waters,soils and air,and its metabolites have also been detected in human urinary,sufficient evidences show that DEHP is ubiquitous in the environment worldwide.DEHP is already in the blacklist of priority pollutants in water in China.Many researches indicate that DEHP is one kind of endocrine disrupting chemicals in animals,with carcinogenicity,teratogenicity and mutagenicity.Based on the researches and review on DEHP,this paper principally discussed the environmental level,metabolism and biological markers of DEHP,as well as the research progress on human health effects.

Objective To explore the evidence for the morphologic comparability between the meridians and interstitial connective tissues in the lower limb with auto-marked and 3D-Rebuilding technology. Methods First,the muscles were extracted and noise was eliminated;With edge detection a convex hull of the muscles edge was found;The interstitial connective tissue points were marked in the cross section images of left leg from the digital dataset of Virtual Chinese Human-Male1(VCH-M1).Finally,the auto-marked images were reconstructed with 3D-Doctor. Results The reconstructed meridians in the lower limb auto-marked with computer procedures tallied basically with the meridians and collaterals recorded in Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM) illustrative graphics.Conclusion Having the advantages of digital anatomic study on acupuncture points earlier and mature 3D-Rebuilding techniques,the department of Anatomy of South Medical University cooperated with the Department of Scientific Calculation and Computer Application of Sun Yat-sen University to devise a set of computer programs which could be used to AutoMark interstitial connective tissues in Virtual Human lower limbs and then reconstruct virtual fascia meridians which corresponded with the TCM records.This method avoided man-made error to a certain degree in the process of recognizing and rebuilding of fascias.The study is significant to explore the morphologic comparability between the meridians and collaterals and interstitial connective tissues in human lower limb.

Objective To investigate the beneficial effect on enterocyte-like cells HT-29 through adhesion of Lactobacillus. Methods Using viable bacteria counting method to evaluate inhibition of Escherichia coli adhesion and invasion to enterocyte-like cells by incubation with Lactobacillus together. Cellular membrane permeability and cell viability were examined in vitro by LDH level and MTT method respectively. Results Adhesion and invasion of enteropathogenic Escherichia coli to enterocyte-like cells was inhibited by high adhesiveness strain Lactobacillus reuteri JCM1081. In vitro, no significant changes of the morphology, structure and function of the HT-29 cells after being treated with Lactobacillus alone for 3 hours, especially cellular LDH level, viability and membrane permeability. Lactobacillus reuteri JCM1081 did not alter cell integrity and prevented the increase in permeability induced by enteropathogenic Escherichia coli infection. Conclusion Lactobacillus reuteri JCM1081 interact with intestinal epithelial cell receptor to competitively inhibit the adhesion and invasion of enteropathogenic Escherichia coli to HT-29 cells by incubation and enhance the integrity of the cells.