Objective To analyze and investigate the correlation between the CYP2C19 gene polymorphism and clopidogrel cura-tive effect in the patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) to provide valuable reference information for the future clinical work. Methods A total of 128 cases of CHD undergoing PCI in our hospital from January 2015 to January 2016 were selected as the re-search subjects.All of them were treated with clopidogrel ,the loading dose was 300mg ,and the maintenance dose was 75mg.The subjects were divided into the clopidogrel resistance group and response group.The drug-metabolizing CYP2C19 genotype was com-pared between the two groups and the effect of CYP2C19 genotype on the clopidogrel response was observed.Results Among the subjects ,27 cases were clopidogrel resistance.A total of 16 cases of CYP2C19 slow metabolic gene carriers were detected.There was statistically significant difference between the patients with chronic metabolic genotype VASP-PRI with fast metabolic geno-type and intermediate metabolic genotype(P<0.05).The incidence rate of adverse end point events had statistical difference be-tween the clopidogrel resistance group and clopidogrel response group(P<0.05).Conclusion In the risk factors of clopidogrel re-sistance ,slow metabolism CYP2C19 genotype and clopidogrel resistance will increase the risk of clinical adverse endpoint events oc-currence ,clinic should give adequate attention.

Objective: To assess the effect of percutaneous transluminal septal myocardial ablation (PTSMA) on mid- to long-term left ventricular diastolic function in patients with hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM) by real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT-3DE). Methods: A total of 46 HOCM patients who received 2DE and RT-3DE examination before and after (with the mean of 18.8 months) PTSMA were studied. The ratios of E/A and E/Ea were analyzed, RT-3DE was conducted to collect the images, to obtain 17-segmant volume-time curve and to calculate the parameters of rEDV, rESV, rSV and rPFR respectively. Results: The follow-up echocardiography in all 46 patients indicated that the ratio of E/Ea decreased after the operation (12.04 ± 3.29) vs (15.70 ± 5.68),P<0.001, the rSV of left ventricular anterior wall middle segment and anterior septal middle segment decreased after the operation,P<0.05, while the rPFR of anterior septal middle segment, rear septal middle segment and apical segment increased,P<0.05. Conclusion: PTSMA may improve local left ventricular diastolic function in HOCM patients, RT-3DE provides a new method and viewing angle for HOCM evaluation.

Objective To investigate the relationship between carotid intima media thickness (IMT) and pulse pressure index (PPI) in elderly hypertensive patients.PPI was defined as 24 h mean pulse pressure(PP)/24 h mean SBP.Methods One hundred and three elderly hypertensive patients were categorized by PPI level:group A (PPI

Objective: To explore the role of cytosine-phosphate-guanine oligodeoxynucleotide(CpG ODN)in enhan- cing the radiosensitivity to X-ray in mouse with Lewis lung cancer.Methods: The tumor-bearing mouse model was in- duced by injevting Lewis lung cancer cells into the right infra-axillary dermis.Thirty-two C57BL/6J mice were evenly ran- domized into 4 groups.Group A: the control group;Group B: the X-Ray radiation group;Group C: the CpG group; Group D: the CpG plus X-Ray radiation group.Group B was treated with X-Ray radiation only(3 Gy/F,on day 1,3,5, 8,10,and 12;the total dose was 18 Gy);group C was administered with CpG ODN 0.05 mg on day 1,3,5,8,10, and 12;group D was administered with CpG ODN 6h before X-ray radiation.The tumor growth and tumor growth delay (TGD)were observed in all groups.Meanwhile,the pathological change of the tumor tissue was observed with H-E staining method and the apoptosis of tumor cells were examined with the method of TUNEL.Results: The Lewis hmg cancer-bearing model was successfolly established in mice.The tumor volumes of the treatment groups were smaller than that in lhe control group(P

The present study was to investigate the role of dopamine D1 receptors and its relationship with glutamate, N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) receptor and α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazole-4-propionic acid (AMPA) receptor in depression induced by chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS). CUMS-induced depression model was established in Sprague-Dawley rats, and intrahippocampal microinjections of D1 dopamine receptor agonist SKF38393, non-competitive NMDA receptor antagonist MK-801 and AMPA receptor antagonist NBQX were respectively adopted by rat brain stereotaxic coordinates. The behavioral observations were conducted by measurement of weight changes, sucrose preference test, open-field test and tail suspension test. The concentration of glutamic acid and the expression of its receptors' subunits were detected by HPLC and Western blot, respectively. The results showed that, compared with control group, CUMS rats showed depression-like behavioral changes, higher concentration of glutamic acid, lower expressions of NMDA receptor (NR1) and AMPA receptor (GluR2/3) in hippocampus. Pretreatment with injection of SKF38393 could rescue such depression effect of CUMS, decrease the concentration of glutamic acid, and increase the expressions of NMDA receptor (NR1), AMPA receptor (GluR2/3) in hippocampus. Pretreatment with MK-801 could enhance the antidepressant effect of SKF38393, while NBQX weakened. These results suggest that agonists of D1 dopamine receptor could reduce the concentration of glutamic acid in hippocampus, and its antidepressant effect may be mediated by AMPA receptor partially.
2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-7,8-dihydroxy-1-phenyl-1H-3-benzazepine ; pharmacology ; Animals ; Depression ; etiology ; physiopathology ; Dizocilpine Maleate ; pharmacology ; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists ; Glutamates ; metabolism ; Hippocampus ; metabolism ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Receptors, AMPA ; metabolism ; Receptors, Dopamine D1 ; agonists ; physiology ; Stress, Physiological ; physiology

E.coli single-stranded DNA-binding protein (SSB) plays an important role in replication, recombination and repair of DNA and is thus crucial for the survival of the bacteria.We described a high expression and efficient purification scheme and kinetic assay of interaction with its substrate, single-stranded DNA (ssDNA). A ssb gene (537 bp) for encoding SSB was obtained by PCR amplification from E.coli K-12 genome. The expression vector of the fusion protein SSB was constructed by attaching ssb gene to pQE30. SSB fusion protein was expressed in M15 E.coli strain induced by IPTG. SDS-PAGE analysis revealed that the expected protein with a molecular weight 20.6kDa was soluble and amounted to about 30% of the total bacterial protein. SSB protein was purified by immobilized metal (Ni2+) chelation affinity chromatography and the purity was about 90%. The resulting SSB protein was a correctly folded tetramer analyzed by gel filtration. It could bind ssDNA with equilibrium dissociation constant (KD) of 4.79×10-7 mol/L as determined by surface plasmon resonance.

Objective To investigate a method determining the number of preconditioning cycles in uniaxial tensile test on soft tissues by calculating the decay rate of strain energy. Methods The abdominal skin of healthy New Zealand rabbits was selected as study object, from which strip specimens were obtained in directions parallel to linea alba (0°)and perpendicular to linea alba(90°). Then the uniaxial preconditioning tests with 15% preconditioning strain were performed on these specimens. Load displacement preconditioning data were obtained, and transformed into the stress strain data correspondingly. The preconditioning cycles (n values), at the decay rate of strain energy being 5% and 10%, respectively, were then calculated by MATLAB programme when n values satisfy the inequality η=Wn－Wn－1Wn－1×100%≤5% or≤10%（Wn signifies the strain energy loss in the nth preconditioning cycle）. Results When the decay rate of strain energy was 5%, the number of preconditioning cycles in 0° and 90° direction was 11.11 and 13.67, respectively. When the decay rate of strain energy was 10%, the number of preconditioning cycles in 0° and 90° direction was 6.67 and 7.78, respectively. Conclusions By calculating the decay rate of strain energy, the number of preconditioning cycles in uniaxial tensile on soft tissues can be quantified, which could help provide the research basis for standardization of biomechanical testing on soft tissues.

OBJECTIVETo explore a convenient and effective method for norovirus nucleic acid extraction from oysters suitable for long-term viral surveillance.

METHODSTwo methods, namely method A (glycine washing and polyethylene glycol precipitation of the virus followed by silica gel centrifugal column) and method B (protease K digestion followed by application of paramagnetic silicon) were compared for their performance in norovirus nucleic acid extraction from oysters. Real-time RT-PCR was used to detect norovirus in naturally infected oysters and in oysters with induced infection.

RESULTSThe two methods yielded comparable positive detection rates for the samples, but the recovery rate of the virus was higher with method B than with method A.

CONCLUSIONMethod B is a more convenient and rapid method for norovirus nucleic acid extraction from oysters and suitable for long-term surveillance of norovirus.

Animals ; Centrifugation ; methods ; Norovirus ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Ostreidae ; virology ; RNA, Viral ; isolation & purification

OBJECTIVETo investigate the correlation of pathology, bone morphogentic protein (BMP) expression, CT value with the ossification of thoracic ligamentum flavum (TOLF) to afford the evidence to choose appropriate treatment methods.

METHODSTwenty-three patients aged 35 - 65 years old had TOLF in my hospital as case. Their courses of disease were 2 months to 9 years. The values of blood calcium, blood phosphorus and AKP in them were normal. The 5 peoples aged 21 - 35 years old who presented fracture of thoracic but not the ligamentum flavum ossification were selected as control. We excluded those who have DISH, ankylosing spondylitis, fluorosis and other disease related with TOLF. The lesion locus were scanned and mensurated by CT. The pathology characteristics were classified into immature ossification and mature ossification by general observation, histology examination. BMP were measured by the immunohistochemical (IHC) staining techniques.

RESULTSThe CT value was significantly higher in the case group (547.2 +/- 131.4) than controlled group (137.7 +/- 10.6) (t = 6.922, P = 0.000). Further, the CT value in the mature ossification (702.9 +/- 17.7) was significantly higher than the immature (480.5 +/- 180.2) (t = 5.623, P = 0.000). In addition, BMP both expressed negative in the mature ossification and the controlled group, but positive in the immature ossification. BMP expression was significantly different between the immature ossification and the mature (chi2 = 70.000, P = 0.000).

CONCLUSIONSThe CT values, pathological types and BMP expression results are similar to evaluate the ossification degrees of ligamentum flavum, and then could be indirectly judged the maturation degrees of TOLF by CT to confirm the treatment methods before operation.

Adult ; Bone Morphogenetic Proteins ; metabolism ; Case-Control Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Ligamentum Flavum ; diagnostic imaging ; metabolism ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Ossification, Heterotopic ; diagnostic imaging ; metabolism ; pathology ; Thoracic Vertebrae ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo assess the different causes of thoracic ossification of the ligamentum flavum (TOLF).

METHODSFrom July 1989 to November 2005, 142 cases were diagnosed the TOLF, in which 121 were operated. The lesions were classified into three types on the basis of the clinical result: (1) In such primary group (Group 1, 90 cases), without incorporation disease and Ca, P and AKP was all normal; (2) In systemic ossified TOLF group (Group 2, 30 cases), 6 cases ankylosing spondylitis, 3 cases DISH, 10 cases fluorosis, 11 cases OPLL; (3) In local spine disease group (Group 3, 22 cases), 5 cases fracture in spine, 4 cases spine TB, 13 cases posterior marginal intraosseous cartilaginous node. Such clinical feature was analysed, moreover surveyed the thoracic kyphosis angle, upper thoracic kyphosis angle, lower thoracic kyphosis angle and the vertebra body wedge change. The effect was assessed using Epstein Scale.

RESULTS(1) In Group 1, the mainly type was connected type (67/90, 74%). The ossified ligamentum flavum was mainly located at the lower thoracic and thoracic-lumber levels. The local type was less. In Group 2, the mainly type was connected type (21/30, 70%). The local type was none. The lesions figure was the most. In Group 3, the local type was the most (18/22, 82%). (2) In Group 1, the ossified ligamentum flavum was mainly located at the upper and lower thoracic levels (225/486, 47%). In Group 2, mainly located at the whole thoracic, some include cervix and lumber. In Group 3, mainly location was related with the location of primary disease. (3) In group 1, the curve was normal in 81% (73/90) of cases. In Group 2, the curve was abnormal in 87% (26/30) of cases. In Group 3, the curve was normal in the 82% (18/22) of cases.

CONCLUSIONSThe TOLF relates with systemic ossify disease, the change of load on the spine, aging and so on. It should be classified according to its causes.

Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Ligamentum Flavum ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Ossification, Heterotopic ; classification ; etiology ; pathology ; Retrospective Studies ; Thoracic Vertebrae