Objective:To investigate the concentration of pulmonary surfactant-associated protein D ( SP-D) and interleukin-8 (IL-8) in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of ACOS patients undergoing mechanical ventilation (MV). Methods:38 patients with ACOS undergoing MV were involved in the study. According to the APACHEⅡscore, the patients were divided into the remission group (n=20) and the aggravation group (n=18). BALF was collected on the 1st and 5th days after MV. The content of IL-8 and SP-D in BALF was measured by ELISA. The levels of IL-8 and SP-D in BALF of the patients with different severity were compared. Results:The level of SP-D was significantly higher on the 5th day than on the 1st day in the remission group,and it decreased more ob-viously in the worsening group (P<0. 05). The level of IL-8 decreased gradually in the remission group but increased gradually in the worsening group. The level of SP-D was negatively correlated with IL-8 level and APACHEⅡ score. Conclusion:The findings suggest that the levels of SP-D and IL-8 in BALF are correlated with prognosis of ACOS patients undergoing MV,and it may prove to be useful as a guidance of therapy and prognosis.

Objective To comprehensively evaluate the development capacity of secondary public hospitals and provide hospital decision makers with objective and valid information.Methods By means of non-probability random sampling,13 secondary public hospitals were pinpointed nationwide,from which statistics of hospital development between 2005 to 2009 were collected for factor analysis of development capacity.EPIDATA3.1 and SAS9.2 were used for data input and analysis.Results Key development factors on development capacity of such hospitals are workload,hospital size,human resources and specialties.The hospitals vary in their development capacity factors to tell a difference.Conclusion Such factors as workload,size,staff makeup and specialty competence play a key role in development of such hospitals.

Objective To evaluate the biological safety of 125I-filled carbon nanotubes covered with metallic esophageal stent with regard to the normal esophagus before clinical application.Methods 125I-filled carbon nanotubes covered with metallic esophageal stent was prepared.Eighteen of New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into three groups with 6 rabbits in each group.Three groups of stents,non-radioactive,low radio-activity ( 3.7 - 5.6 MBq),and high activity ( 11.1 - 13.0 MBq ) were placed in the midpiece of esophagus of rabbits.Esophagus opacification and three-diamensions DSA were performed at 0.5 h,7,14 and 30 d after insertion of the stents,respectively.The rabbits were killed at 30d after insertion of the stents,and histologic examinations of the esophageal walls were performed.Results In non-radioactive and low activity groups,1 of 6 rabbits died of wound infection at 1 and 3 d after surgery due to pulmonary infection,respectively.All specimens were obtained from 16 rabbits.Microscopically,in all rabbits of low activity and high activity groups,there were membrana mucosa necrotic and swell and breakage of the muscle fiber in esophageal submucosa and muscularis,submucosal inflammation,which were more severe in high activity group.In low activity group,one esophagus ectal membrane was involved,however,esophageal perforation did not develop.In high activity group,3 of 6rabbits esophageal perforation had developed,in which one esophagus mediastinum fistula developed,without inflammation.In non-radioactive group,it was almost normal in mucosa layer,a small amount of inflammatory cells were found in submucosal layer,and part of muscle fibers was fractured and no pathological changes of necrosis was found.Conclusions Radioactive 125I carbon nanotubes covered metallic stent with low activity(3.7 -5.6 MBq) can be used as intraluminal palliative brachytherapy,which is safe and effective.

OBJECTIVE: The study is to evaluate our results of patients with sinonasal inverted papilloma (SIP) undergoing endoscopic sinus surgery and to investigate the recurrence relative factors of SIP. METHOD: A retrospec- tive analysis was performed of medical records for 54 cases SIP treated with endoscopic resection. Compared to pre operation imaging evaluation and intraoperative observation, efficacy assessments included endoscopy during follow-up after operation and combined with CT examination results. RESULT: The incidence of 54 cases with ethmoid sinus, part of the lateral wall of the nasal cavity was higher. The recurrence rate was higher in the cases invaded front and/or inferior wall of maxillary sinus, frontal recess. There was no case with middle turbinate. Canceration with the same time accounted for 1.85%. CONCLUSION Misdiagnosis as polyps, the lesion sites of tumour, involving the frontal recess, front and inferior wall of maxillary sinus are the risk factors of recurrence. The preoperative accurate judgment of the primary tumor site and surgical resection completly are the most effective means of preventing recurrence. Postoperative endoscopy examination combined with CT examination is an effective means for the evaluation of recurrence.
Endoscopy ; Ethmoid Sinus ; Frontal Sinus ; Humans ; Maxillary Sinus ; Nasal Cavity ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Papilloma, Inverted ; surgery ; Papillomavirus Infections ; Paranasal Sinus Neoplasms ; surgery ; Turbinates

Background Cataract phacoemulsification combined with intraocular lens (IOL) implantation is a primary treatment for cataract.However,tear film stability and ocular surface structure are affected after surgery,especially some cataract patients with diabetes.Researches determined that tear film dysfunction is an important causative factor of dry eye.Objective This study was to investigate the change of tear film after phacoemulsification in cataract patient with diabetes.Methods A non-randomized cases-controlled study was designed.Thirty-six cataract patients with diabetes (54 eyes)and matched 32 patients (40 eyes)with age-related cataract were included in this study in Tianjin First Center Hospital from October,2010 to May,2011.Phacoemulsification and IOL implantation was performed on the all patients with the same topical eyedrops in both groups.Dry eye-related symptom was surveyed and scored by questionnaire,and tear film break-up time (BUT),Schirmer Ⅰ test(S Ⅰ t)and corneal fluorescein(FL) were examined 3 days before operation and 1 day,1 week,1month,3 months after operation.Written informed consent was obtained from each patient before entering this trial.Results The percentage with preoperative symptoms of dry eye was 36.2％ and postoperative dry eye symptoms accounted for 75.8％.Significant differences were seen in dry eye symptom score,FL score,BUT value and S Ⅰ t value between the diabetic cataract group and only cataract group as well as among 4 time points(dry eye symptom score:Fgroup =139.347,P =0.000 ; Ftime =342.741,P =0.000 ; FL score: Fgroup =14.073,P =0.000 ; Ftime =332.697,P =0.000 ; BUT value: Fgroup =28.198,P =0.000 ; Ftime =868.364,P =0.000 ; S Ⅰ t value: Fgroup =2.848,P =0.095 ; Ftime =564.017,P=0.000).FL scores of 2 groups were significantly higher in postoperation than those in preoperation (P＜0.05),and those of diabetic cataract group were significantly higher than only cataract group(P＜0.05),but no significant difference was found between postoperation 3 months and preoperation (P＞0.05).BUT was shorter in postoperation than that in preoperation in the diabetic cataract group(P＜0.05).S Ⅰ t values in postoperative 1 day and 1 week were significantly lower than in preoperation in both groups(P＜0.05).However,S Ⅰ t values returned to normal from 1 month through 3 months in both groups(P＞0.05).Conclusions Tear film dysfunction occurs after operationin cataract patient with type 2 diabetes.It is thought that cataract patient with diabetes is susceptible population of dry eye.Dry eye appears more early and severer in diabetes patients after phacoemulsification combined with IOL implantation.

Objective · To determine the expression of miRNA-7 in TWEAK-stimulated macrophages and their secreted exosomes;to investigate the role of exosomal miRNA-7 from TWEAK-stimulated macrophages in modulating the metastasis of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) cells.Methods · Real-time PCR analysis was used to determine the miRNA-7 expression in TWEAK-stimulated macrophages,their exosomes and recipient HO8910-PM cells.The activity of EGFR signaling pathway in HO8910-PM cells was detected by Western blotting analysis.AntagomiR-7 was used to downregulate the miRNA-7expressions in macrophage exosomes and then their effect on metastasis of HO8910-PM cells was examined by transwell assay.Results ·TWEAK increased the levels of miRNA-7 in macrophages and their secreted exosomes and also resulted in an elevated level of miRNA-7 in recipient HO8910-PM cells,which eventually reduced the activity of EGFR/AKT/ERK1/2 pathway.Pre-transfection of antagomiR-7 remarkably decreased the levels of miRNA-7 in macrophages,their secreted exosomes and the recipient EOC cells,with the enhancement of HO8910-PM metastasis.Conclusion · Exosomal miRNA-7 from TWEAK-stimulated macrophages plays a critical role in suppressing the metastasis of EOC cells by attenuation of EGFR signaling pathway.

Objective To summarize the safety and efficacy of low dose of hepatitis B immunoglobulin (HBIG) for prevention of de novo hepatitis B infection after renal transplantation.MethodsThe clinical data of 138 patients who received renal transplantation without hepatitis B infection between January 2007 and June 2010 were retrospectively studied (study group).All the patients in study group were given low dose of HBIG injection before transplantation.The HBsAb titer was monitored regularly after transplantation,and the dosage of HBIG adjusted according to the level of the HBsAb titer.HBIG was implied to all patients in the study group for more than one year.The clinical data of 196 patients who received renal transplantation without hepatitis B infection between January 2004 and December 2006 served as the control group.These 196 patients were not treated with HBIG.The incidence of de novo hepatitis B infection,and acute rejection of these two groups was analyzed.The one-year graft and patients survival rate was also investigated.Results During the follow- up period of 12 months,only one case in the study group had de novo hepatitis B infection (0.7％) 6 months after renal transplantation,while 11 cases (5.6％) in the control group had de novo hepatitis B infection,in which 2 cases were died from acute hepatic failure.The incidence of de novo hepatitis B infection had statistically difference between the two groups (P＜0.05).The incidence of acute rejection in the study and control groups was 13.8％ and 17.3％ respectively (P＞0.05).The one-year graft and patient survival rate in the study and control groups was 96.4％ and 97.8％,and 90.3％ and 91.8％ respectively (P＜0.05).ConclusionLow dose of HBIG is effective and safe for prevention of de novo hepatitis B infection after renal transplantation.

BackgroundGlaucoma associates with apoptosis of retinal ganglion cells ( RGCs).Research showed that ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) can repair optic nerve trauma,but it has not reported whether CNTF has a protective effect on glaucomatous optic neuropathy.ObjectiveThis experimental study was to explore the protective effect of CNTF on RGCs in rat eyes with acute ocular hypertension.MethodsOcular acute hypertension models were induced in bilateral eyes of 24 clean Wistar rats by forced perfusion of a balanced salt solution into the anterior chamber.Two days before molding,0.5 μg recombinant human CNTF (5 μl) was injected intravitreously in the left eyes,and 5 mmol/L sodium phosphate solution (5 μl) was injected in the same way as the control group.Three other Wistar rats were used as the normal control group.The animals were sacrificed by excessive anesthesia and the retinal sections were prepared 1,3,7,14 days after molding.The morphology of the retina was examined and RGCs counting was performed by hematoxylin & eosin staining and observed under a light microscope.The expression of glutamic acid in RGCs was assessed by immunochemistry.ResultsRegular retinal structure with clearly defined cell layers were observed in normal control rats.Changes in vacuoles in RGCs were seen in the model control group.The number of degenerative RGCs decreased in the CNTF group.Compared with the model control group,number of normal RGCs increased from 1 day to 14 days after molding with a significant difference between the two groups (all P=0.000).Immunochemistry assay showed that the numbers of positive cells for glutamic acid were 5.50±1.04 and 6.00±1.41 for the average of 3 fields at 3 days or 7 days in the CNTF group,and those in the model control group were 9.00±2.91 and 10.83 ± 1.94,respectively,showing significant differences between them ( all P =0.000 ).However,no comparable differences were found in the numbers of positive cells for glutamic acid at 1 day and 14 days between the two groups( P=0.578,0.180).ConclusionsCNTF down-regulates the expression of glutamic acid in RGCs and offers neuroprotection for RGCs in an acute glaucoma rat model.

AIM:To investigate the cause of blindness, except those caused by cataract, in Haimen city.METHODS:According to the WHO`s criteria of blindness, the blindness level was decided through ophthalmic tests by associate chief or chief ophthalmologists who were trained especially for disability evaluation.The analysis of the the leading cause were taken too.RESULTS:Totally 3 266 persons were blindness, in which 2 118 were first level blindness, 1 148 persons were second lever blindness, and 1 308 persons were male, 1958 were female.The leading cause of blindness were retina and uveitis diseases (31.58%), genetic diseases(23.47%), cornea disease(14.49%).CONCLUSION:The leading cause of blindness are retina and uveitis diseases, genetic diseases, cornea diseases in Haimen city of Jiangsu province.Early prevention and treatment should be strengthened to reduce the occurrence of blindness.

Spleen kidney Yang deficiency (SKYD) diarrhea is a common syndrome in tranditional Chinese medicine (TCM). Until now, there is not an ideal SKYD diarrhea rat model for the research. In this study, we compared single factor way (method I, injecting hydrocortisone and gavaging Sennae Folium) with compound factors way(method II, gavaging adenine, improper diet, exhaustion, and gavaging Sennae Folium) on establishing SKYD diarrhea rat model. After modelling, diarrhea index, D-xylose excretory rate, NOS/cGMP signal transduction system, organ index and histopathology examination were used to evaluate the two ways. The results showed that, compared with health group, all the assessment criterias of method I and method II had significant differences (P < 0.01, 0.05). In addition, the index such as diarrhea index, NOS/cGMP signal transduction system, organ index (kidney, testis and thymus) and histopathology examination had significant differences (P < 0.01, 0.05) between method I and method II. In conclusion, the compound factors modelling method better conforms to the symptom of diarrhoea model caused by SKYD. This new modelling method provides a basis for studying on TCM astringents warming and tonifying the spleen and kidney, relieving diarrhea.
Animals ; Diarrhea ; metabolism ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Humans ; Kidney ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Spleen ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Xylose ; metabolism ; Yang Deficiency ; metabolism ; pathology ; physiopathology