Objective:To define doctors professional risk connotation , the scientific judgment doctors profes-sional risk fact , seek medical professional risk guard against and dissolve the long -term mechanism , maintaining safety and legitimate rights and interests of the doctor′s body and mind .Methods:Using doctor -patient relation-ship as the research background , adopts the questionnaire survey , through the survey data analysis of the correla-tion between the doctor-patient relationship and the doctor professional risk , on the basis of the young workers , for example , the empirical research doctors professional risk existing conditions and the reality .Results:The doctor-patient relationship nervous career anxiety and unease , doctor of job burnout and the harm done by the profession itself, complicated medical environment cannot effectively solve the doctor occupational safety crisis , institutional arrangements and the prevention and control mechanism is not reasonable career crisis .Conclusion:The govern-ment should strengthen the professional risk management system design and the prevention and control institutions and hospitals to strengthen the construction of professional risk management and prevention and control system , the doctor should promote occupational consciousness of risk prevention and control and doctor -patient communication ability, the society should strengthen professional risk management and the prevention and control of environmental regulation .

Objective To investigate the construction of compound membrane with corneal stromal cells and collagen-chitosan by tissue engineering technique and its biocompatibility.Methods Rabbit and human corneal stromal cells were separated and seeded into collagen-chitosan membrane.The compound membrane was transplanted into rabbit corneal stroma.Then the growth condition of keratocytes,the effect on normal keratocytes and degradation of compound membrane were detected by corneal confocal microscope,anterior OCT and histological and immunohistochemical methods ex vivo 1,2,4 weeks after grafting.Results The rabbit and human corneal stromal cells grown well in collagen-chitosan scaffold.The compound membrane degradated gradually after grafting.There was no necrosis and dissolvation.Corneal epithelium,stroma and endothelial cells were all normal.Conclusion Collagen-chitosan can be used as a biological scaffold for construction of corneal stroma.Corneal confocal microscopy and anterior OCT are new methods to observe the biological activity of constructed corneal stroma.

OBJECTIVE:To determinate vitamin B1 and vitamin B6 in Gengnianling capsules by HPLC simultaneously .METHODS: The separation was performed on Hypersil-ODS C18 column, methanol - sodium hexanesulfonate solution(20 : 80) was used as mobile phase with a flow rate of 0.8ml/ min and detection wavelength of 280nm.RESULTS: Linear correlations with peak area scores were achieved when the sample size of vitamin B1 and vitamin B6 were with a range of 0.884?g-2.652?g (r = 0.9 999) and 0.714?g-2.142?g(r = 0.9 999) .respectively, the average recovery of which were 95.87%(RSD = 0.82%) and 101.96% (RSD = 0.86%), respectively .CONCLUSION: The method is simple, accurate and it can be used for quality control of Gengnianling Capsule.

Objective To discuss the characteristics of multiple blood supplies and the significance of multiple intra-arterial embolization in massive hemoptysis. Methods Forty-four patients with massive hemoptysis underwent digital subtraction angiography (DSA) and intra-arterial embolization after ineffective medical treatment. The characteristics of blood supply of lesions,the methods of intra-arterial embolization and the clinic efficacy were retrospectively analyzed. Results All the patients, one artery was embolized in 9 patients,2 arteries were embolized in 18,3 in 14 and 4 in 3. The hemoptysis decreased or ceased immediately after intra-arterial embolization in 43 patients and recurrence within lweek in 2,which were controlled with additional emblization. 1 patient died in surgery. Conclusion The lesions of massive hemoptysis had complicated blood supplies,and multiple intra-arterial embolization was very important.

Objective To investigate the effects of chronic renal failure rabbit serum on proliferation and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) activation of rabbit arterial smooth muscle cells (ASMCs) and to explore the possible mechanism. Methods Rabbit model of chronic renal failure was established by the ligation of renal arterial branches. ASMCs were incubated in the media with various concentrations of chronic renal failure serum cultured in vitro. Cell proliferation was assessed by MTT. Cell apoptosis was detected by Hoechst33342 staining. NF-κB p65 nuclear translocation was analyzed by immunofluorescence. Expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and NF-κB p65 proteins in response to chronic renal failure serum in ASMCs was determined by Western blotting. Results Lower concentrations of chronic renal failure serum (≤ 10%) could significantly promot the proliferation of ASMCs in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Higher concentrations of chronic renal failure serum (＞10%) could significantly inhibit the proliferation and induce apoptosis of ASMCs compared to the normal control (P＜0.05). Under the stimulation of lower concentrations of chronic renal failure serum, the expression of PCNA and NF-κB p65 increased significantly compared to the normal control (P＜0.01), while decreased markedly under the stimulation of higher concentrations of chronic renal failure serum compared to the normal control (P＜0.01). Under the stimulation of 10% chronic renal failure serum, nuclear translocation of NF-κB p65 in ASMCs was found. Conclusions Different concentrations of chronic renal failure rabbit serum can effectively induce ASMCs proliferation or apoptosis. The mechanism of promoting proliferation may be mediated by activating NF-κB, which will be useful for the treatment of accelerated atherosclerosis in chronic renal failure.

Objective To discuss the significance of platelet rich plasma in promoting bFGF and VEGF expression in would healing of rabbit buns .Methods The 24 rabbits were randomly divided into control group and experimental group .The sulfadiazine silver paint to the wound for control group and the platelet rich plasma gel evenly spread to the wound for experimental group .At 7th ,10th ,14th day ,4 rabbits of each group were randomly selected to sacrificed after anesthesiaed ,wound healing rate was compare in 2 groups ,HE staining and testimmunohistochemistry were conducted in each group .Results At 7th ,10th ,14th day ,the wound healing rate of experimental group were higher than those of control group .At 7th d ,the focal granulation ,cells and vessels inten-sive were more significant in experimental group than in control group ,at 10th day ,the wound fibroblast cells and capillary number are more significant in experimental group ,and at 14th day ,the most of fibroblasts translate into fiber cell and the capillary number decreased ,the fibroblasts proliferation was still active and fiber cell was less in the control group .At 7th ,10th day ,the expression of bFGF and VEGF were both higher ,but experimental group is obvious higher than control group(P<0 .05) ,but at 14th day ,the ex-pression of bFGF and VEGF were gradually declined and was not obvious statistics differences in the two group (P>0 .05) .Conclu-sion The platelet rich plasma could promote the big white rabbit scald wound healing ,while the main mechanism maybe the ex-pression of bFGF and VEGF increased in the early .

OBJECTIVE: To test droplet digital PCR for species identification and absolute quantification of biological sample. METHODS: Specific primers and probes for human mtDNA encoding gene ND4 and 16S rRNA were designed, and the species-specificity was assessed on DNA samples derived from human and common animals. To determine the sensitivity and stability of droplet digital PCR for species identification and absolute quantification, gradient dilution series of recombinant plasmid and 16 human DNA samples were analyzed. RESULTS: Human recombinant plasmid FAM (ND4) could be used in detecting the samples of human. And the results of detecting were consistent with all levels of diluted concentrations. Droplet digital PCR was able to detect low and single copy of target DNA. CONCLUSION Droplet digital PCR, with high sensitivity and specificity, is fully amenable for species identification and absolute quantification of biological samples, also it can be applied on routine forensic examination.
Animals ; DNA ; DNA Primers/genetics* ; DNA, Mitochondrial/genetics* ; Humans ; NADH Dehydrogenase/genetics* ; Polymerase Chain Reaction/methods* ; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics* ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Species Specificity

BACKGROUND:During degeneration of cervical spine, biochemical changes appeared in intervertebral disc cel s. During this process, a variety of inflammatory cytokines may lead to disc herniation, which stimulates the production of a variety of inflammatory factors from surrounding adjacent tissue.
OBJECTIVE:To explore the expression and significance of interleukin-1β, interleukin-6 and cyclooxygenase 2 in patients with different clinical symptoms of cervical spinal cord oppression.
METHODS:Protrusion of the intervertebral disc or disc of responsibility among patients with anterior disc resection and internal fixation were divided into three groups according to clinical symptoms:myelopathic symptom group, nerve root symptom group and cervical spine trauma group. Intervertebral disc received hematoxylin-eosin staining and immunohistochemical staining for morphological observation. Positive cel s were counted according to the result of immunohistochemical staining.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1) Hematoxylin-eosin staining results showed visible inflammatory cel infiltration and new blood vessel formation in the myelopathic symptom group and nerve root symptom group. No remarkable inflammatory cel infiltration or new blood vessel formation was seen in cervical spine trauma group. (2) Immunohistochemical staining interleukin-1β-, interleukin-6-positive cel s were seen in the myelopathic symptom group. Cytoplasm was stained tan. Cyclooxygenase 2-positive cel s showed a low number. The numbers of interleukin-1β-, interleukin-6-and cyclooxygenase 2-positive cel s were significantly more in the nerve root symptom group than in the myelopathic symptom group. The numbers of interleukin-1β-, interleukin-6-and cyclooxygenase 2-positive cel s were smal in the cervical spine trauma group. (3) Expression rate and IA value of interleukin-1β, expression rate and IA value of interleukin-6 were significantly higher in the myelopathic symptom group and nerve root symptom group than in the cervical spine trauma group (P<0.05). Expression rate and IA value of cyclooxygenase 2 were significantly higher in the nerve root symptom group than in the cervical spine trauma group. (4) These results suggested that interleukin-1β, interleukin-6 and cyclooxygenase 2 expression could be found in the cervical intervertebral disc after protrusion, and played a role in early degeneration of cervical intervertebral disc. The expressions of these inflammatory factors were significantly different in patients with different clinical symptoms of cervical spinal cord compression.

Objective To investigate protective activity against Aβ25-35-induced cytotoxicity in PC12 cells of different extracts and ursolic acid, which were isolated from pyrola decorata. Methods Aβ25-35-induced cytotoxicity in PC12 cells was established as the model in vitro. The cultured PC12 cells were divided into blank control group, DMSO control group, model control group, different extract groups of pyrola decorate and ursolic acid(UA) group. The different extract groups included ether extract (PE), acetidin extract (AE), n-butanol extract (BE), the water extract (WE), 50% ethanol extract (HEE). MTT assay was used to test the optimum concentration, and the number of viable cells in culture medium was measured by ELISA at 490 nm wavelength. Results The cell viabilities in different extracts groups(PE, AE, BE, WE, HEE) were respectively 89.3%, 77.2%, 79. 2%, 75. 1% ,74. 0% at the concentration of 5. 0 mg ? mL-1 . Moreover, ursolic acid showed the best neuroprotective activity (88.9%) at the concentration of 500 μg?L-1 . Compared with model control group, the survival rate of each group was remarkably increased, and the protective activities of PE and UA were more significant among them. Conclusion Different polar extracts of pyrola decorata and isolated ursolic acid have neuroprotective effects on Aβ25-35-induced cytotoxicity in PC12 cells in certain degrees.

Objective To explore the sensitivity of Enterococcus f aecium and Enterococcus f aecalis isolated from 2011 to 2013 and provide reference for anti-infection therapy .Methods The identification and drug sensitivity test of clinical isolates were carried out by using VITEK2 Compact system .Results The ratio of Enterococcus f aecium to Enterococcus f aecalis isolates was 1 .93 and it was increasing year by year .No vancomycin ,linezolid and tigecycline resistant Enterococcus f aecium and Enterococcus f aecalis i-solates was detected .The rates of Enterococcus f aecium sensitive to quinupristin-dalfopristin and tetracycline were higher than En-terococcus f aecalis(P<0 .05) ,and the rates of Enterococcus f aecium sensitive to nitrofurantoin ,ampicillin ,penicillin G ,moxifloxa-cin ,levofloxacin and ciprofloxacin were lower than that of Enterococcus f aecalis(P<0 .05) .Conclusion The detection rates of En-terococcus was shifting to Enterococcus f aecium ,and the trends became obvious year after year .The drug sensitivity of Enterococcus f aecium and Enterococcus f aecalis is different ,and doctors should choose the proper therapy according to their specific drug resist-ance .At present ,vancomycin ,linezolid and tigecycline are preffered for the treatment against infection caused by Enterococcus f aeci-um and Enterococcus f aecalis .