Aim To investigate the effect of iontophoresis on skin permeation of defibrase. Methods Iontophoresis was carried out in side-by-side chambers, excised rat skin membrane (RSM) or human epidermis membrane (HEM). The effects of electrode polarity, permeation medium pH and ionic strength were evaluated. Results Permeation of defibrase caused by anodal iontophoresis was more effective [the apparent permeability coefficient was (1.2±0.4)×10-4 cm·h-1] than that of cathodal iontophoresis[(4.3±1.4)×10-5 cm·h-1]. The amount of permeated defibrase caused by anodal iontophoresis in pH 7.4 medium was (25±5)×10-14 mol·cm-2, which was higher than that of in pH 6.4 permeation medium [(15±4)×10-14 mol·cm-2]. Conclusion Iontophoresis could enhance skin permeation of defibrase. Electroosmotic flow effect played an important role.

Objective: To explore the effects of 17 β-estrogen (E2) and 2-methoxyestradiol (2ME) on hypoxic induced factor-1α (HIF-1α) and alkane hydroxylase (AlkB) in experimental rats with ovariectomy and hypoxic pulmonary hypertension. Methods: A total of 60 healthy female SD rats with castrated surgery were randomly divided into 6 groups:①Routine oxygen group,②Routine oxygen + E2 group, the rats received subcutaneous injection of E2 (20 μg/kg?d),③Routine oxygen + 2ME group, the rats received 2ME (240 μg/kg?d) and④Hypoxia group,⑤Hypoxia + E2 group,⑥Hypoxia + 2ME group.n=10 in each group and all animals were treated for 8 weeks to establish the hypoxic pulmonary hypertension model. The mean pulmonary artery pressure (mPAP) was measured after bloodletting, right ventricle hypertrophy index (RVHI) was calculated and small pulmonary artery remodeling was observed by HE staining. The expression level of HIF-1α and AlkB were examined by RT-PCR and Western blot analysis. Results: Compared with Routine oxygen group, the rats in Hypoxia group had obviously thickened small pulmonary artery wall with narrowed lumen, increased mPAP and RVHI; the above changes in Hypoxia + E2 and Hypoxia + 2ME groups were relatively smaller, their mPAP and RVHI were higher than Routine oxygen group, while mPAP and RVHI were similar between Hypoxia + E2 and Hypoxia + 2ME groups. There were no real morphological changes in small pulmonary vessels in Routine oxygen + E2 and Routine oxygen + 2ME groups. The HIF-1α expression was obviously elevated in Hypoxia group than Routine oxygen group, while the elevation was less in Hypoxia + E2 and Hypoxia + 2ME groups. HIF-1α expression had no real changes in Routine oxygen+E2 and Routine oxygen + 2ME groups. The AlkB expression was obviously reduced in Hypoxia group than Routine oxygen group, while the reduction was less in Hypoxia + E2 and Hypoxia + 2ME groups. AlkB expression had no real changes in Routine oxygen + E2 and Routine oxygen + 2ME groups. Conclusion: Estradiol E2 and 2ME could remit pulmonary hypertension which might be via up-regulating AlkB expression and down-regulating HIF-1α expression in experimental rats with hypoxic pulmonary hypertension.

Objective:To observe the related factors of depression in patients with lacunar cerebral infarction with mild cognitive impairment.Methods:From 2016 to 2019, 114 patients with mild cognitive impairment of lacunar cerebral infarction in Kailuan General Hospital were selected as the research objects.MRI brain scan was completed within 72 hours after admission, and Zung′s self rating Depression Scale (SDS) was used to evaluate emotion within 1 week.According to the results of SDS, 69 patients with mild cognitive impairment and no depression of lacunar infarction were selected as the control group, and 45 patients with mild cognitive impairment and mild depression of lacunar infarction were selected as the case group.The general clinical data, the proportion of patients with lacunar infarction in different brain regions and cognitive function of the two groups were observed.Logistic regression method was used to analyze the risk factors of depression in patients with mild cognitive impairment of lacunar infarction, and the characteristics of clinical somatization symptoms were observed.Results:(1)There were 53 males (76.81%, 53/69) and 16 females (23.19%, 16/69) in the control group, 29 males (64.44%, 29/45) and 16 females (35.55%, 16/45) in the case group, and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant ( P=0.049). Hyperhomocysteinemia in the control group and the case group was 31.88% (22/69) and 53.33%(24/45), respectively, with statistically significant differences between the two groups ( P=0.003). (2) The incidence rates of lacunar infarction in basal ganglia and oval center was 80% (36/45) and 71.11% (32/45) in case group respectively, and 59.42% (41/69) and 18.84% (13/69) in control group respectively.The difference between two groups was statistically significant ( P values were 0.001 and <0.001), and there was no significant difference in infarct size in other regions ( P>0.05). (3) The rate of impaired attention and computing power in the case group was 88.89%(40/45), which was higher than that in the control group 78.26%(54/69), and the difference was statistically significant ( P=0.036). (4) Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that hyperhomocysteemia ( OR=2.659, 95% CI 1.041-6.793, P<0.05) and central oval infarction ( OR=10.332, 95% CI 4.069-26.235, P<0.01) were independent risk factors for mild cognitive dysfunction and depression in lacunar cerebral infarction.(5) The proportion of insomnia and tears with somatization symptoms in the case group was 35.56%(16/45) and 37.77%(17/45), respectively, which were higher than that in the control group 8.70%(6/69) and 2.90%(2/69), respectively, with statistically significant differences (all P<0.001). Conclusion:Hyperhomocysteinemia and hemioval central cerebral infarction are independent risk factors for depression in patients with lacunar cerebral infarction with mild cognitive dysfunction, accompanied by somatization symptoms of insomnia and tearing.

Objective To explore the relationship between TLR3 mRNA expression on peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMCs)and acute rotavirus(RV)diarrhea.Methods Sixty-one children with acute RV diarrhea served as study subject,the expression of TLR3 mRNA on PBMCs was detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative RT-PCR.the concentrations of IFN-γand TNF-α in serum were measured by the method of Enzyrme-linked immunosorbent assay(EUSA).Results The expression of TLR3 on PBMCs and the serum levels of IFN-γ and TNF-α in the serious diarrhea group were 0. 820±0.051,(33.67±12.88)Pg/ml, (62.21±14.65)pg/ml,respectively,while it were 0.717±0.040,(24.01±10.06)pg/ml,(50.99± 12.18)pg/ml in the slight diarrhea group,and 0.525±0.029,(12.52±5.19)pg/ml,(28.65±7.44)pg/ml in the control group.Compared with the control group.the expression of TLR3 on PBMCs and the serum levels of IFN-γ,TNF-α in the serious and slight diarrhea group were significantly higher(P<0.01).There were significant differences between the serious and slight diarrhea group(P<0.01).There were positive relationship between the expression of TLR3 on PBMCs and tHe serum IFN-γ,TNF-α levels(r=0.431,P< 0.05,r=0.372,P<0.05).Conclusion The expression of TLR3 on PBMCs in children with acute rotavirus dialThea iS up-regulated,TLR3 and its mediated immune response are associated with the development of acute rotavirus diarrhea.

The current status and training requirements for general practitioner (GP) were surveyed with questionnaires in 84 trainees from the first Beijing GP retraining program.Results showed that three most demanded skills of health service in community were electrocardiogram (98.8％),clinical lab results reading (96.4％),dressing change (90.5％).The services not provided but should be provided in community were aerosol rebreathing method (23.8％),resection of small superficial lumps (22.6％) and reading X-ray films (20.2％).The reasons for services not provided were insufficient resources (41.7％),lack of skilled personnel (35.7％) and staffing shortage (20.2％).The most required training skills were reading X-ray films (64.3％),electrocardiogram (54.8％) and laboratory results reading (51.2％).There were some skills inadequately trained including cricothyroid membrane puncture,suprapubic bladder puncture and resection of superficial small lumps.The results indicate that the required skills in community health service and individual demands of general practitioners should be the priority of the future training programs.

BACKGROUND: Our previous studies have demonstrated that cryopreserved bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) still maintain high survival rate, cell proliferation and osteogenic differentiation potentials after thawing. However, this result needs confirmed in vivo environment. OBJECTIVE: To explore the effects of cryopreserved BMSCs and collagenic membrane BME-10X complex on type Ⅰ collagen synthesis in vivo. METHODS: Beagle dog BMSCs were cultured in vitro and cryopreserved for 12 months, which were thawed and prepared complexes with collagenic membrane. The complexes were cultured with mineralization induction medium or normal medium for 5 days, followed by implanting into nude mice. The specimens were harvested and analyzed by gross observation, histopathological and immunohistochemistry at 4 weeks after implantation. The collagenic membrane cultured with mineralization induction medium served as controls. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: In the control group, the boundary of collagenic membrane was distinctly, without cell growth around boundary or intra collagenic membrane, additionally, there was little type Ⅰ collagen. In the non-induction group, cells grew into collagenic membrane, trabes-like collagen formed, and type Ⅰ collagen distribution increased at 4 weeks. In the induction group, scaffold degraded, more cells grew, and plenty of collagen formed osteoid-like tissues. The distribution of typeⅠcollagen was obviously increased than that of other groups. The findings demonstrated that cryopreserved BMSCs possess strong osteogenic differentiation potentials after proliferation and induction combined with collagenic membranes in vitro.

Objective To compare the long-term efficacies of anterior cervical decompression and fusion (ACDF)and conservative therapy in treatment of unisegmental cervical disc herniation and to analyze the degree of the long-term adjacent segment disc degeneration in ACDF.Methods 120 patients treated in our hospital from January 2006 to January 2009 were selected,60 patients underwent ACDF as operation group and 60 patients underwent physical therapy and drug (conservative therapy)as non-operation group. All the patients were recorded when they were diagnosed with cervical unisegmental cervical disc herniation, and followed-up for 60 months, and they were evaluated with American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA)score,Visual Analogue Scale (VAS),Japanese Orthopedics Association (JOA) score and imaging (Miyazaki grading system). Results 107 patients were followed up,55 patients treated by operation were followed up for an average 59.7 months (59.7±0.4),while 52 patients treated by conservative therapy were followed up for an average 58.8 months (58.8±1.5).Compared with before treatment, the ASIA, JOA, and VAS scores of the patients in two group after treatment were improved (P<0.05),and the scores of ASIA,VAS,and JOA in operation group were superior to that in non-operation group (P<0.05),and adjacent segment disc degeneration occurred more frequently in the upper adjacent segment than the lower adjacent segment (P<0.05).Conclusion ACDF is superior to conservative therapy in alleviating symptoms and improving prognosis of unisegmental cervical disc herniation. Long-term postoperative disc degeneration mainly occurrs in the upper segment.

Adult ; Ethylene Dichlorides ; poisoning ; Female ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Neurotoxicity Syndromes ; etiology ; pathology ; Young Adult

Objective To analyze the cause of platelet aggregation in blood specimens ,so as to provide basis for reducing platelet aggregation ,and avoiding false positive of platelet count ,false report ,misdiagnosis and mistreatment .Methods The blood speci-mens which platelet was below 80 × 109 /L ,below 125 × 109 /L with histogram hinted platelet aggregation ,were smeared ,stained with Wright-Giemsa ,and observed by microscope for platelet morphological changes .The data between each groups were calculated and analyzed by statistical software SPSS version 18 .0 .Results A total of 184 cases of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid dependent pseudothrombocytopenia(EDTA-PTCP) were found ,accounted for 0 .444 ‰ totally ,including 0 .244 ‰ of out-patients (101 cases) , 0 .159 ‰ of hospitalized patients (66 cases) ,and 0 .041 ‰ of health examination personnel (17 cases) .3 cases of multi-dependent pseudothrombocytopenia and 25 cases of pseudo platelet aggregation were found ,and accounted for 0 .007 ‰ and 0 .060 ‰ respec-tively .Conclusion The discovery of platelet aggregation which caused mainly by EDTA-PTCP ,still relies on microscopy ,and pseu-do platelet aggregation comes mainly from sampling ,so it needs to strengthen the skills training .

Objective To explore the clinical and pandemic features and respiratory pathogen co-infection characteristics of children infected with influenza virus A (Flu A) in year 2009.Methods A retrospective study of hospitalized children with flu-like clinical symptoms in 2009 was conducted.The peripheral blood serum was analyzed to detect common respiratory agents,inclucding Flu A,respiratory syncytial virus,adenovirus,influenza virus B,parainfluenza virus 1,2 and 3,chlamydia pneumonia and mycoplasma pneumonia,klebsiella pneumonia (KP),haemophilus influenza and legionella pneumophila by using indirect immunofluorescence test for the antibody detection (IgM).And a standard medical history was recorded,including epidemiological data,clinical manifestation,and the length of hospital stay,white blood count and chest X-ray elsewhere.All specimens were collected in Department of Pediatrics,Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University,from Jan.2009 to Dec.2009.Results Flu A was detected in 234 of the 599 (39.1％,234/599 cases) flu-like children.The mean age was 48.8 months (range from 3 to 167 months).The detection rate in less than 1-year-old group (11.1％,18/162 cases) was obviously lower than that of the older groups (P ＜ O.001).Especially for the group ＜ 6 months,there was only 1 infant (1.43％,1/70 cases) with Flu A positive.Compared with Flu A negative group,the main clinical features of children with Flu A positive group were fever(78.2％,183/234 cases,P =0.013) and cough(76.5％,179/234 cases,P =0.04),however asthma (14.1％,33/234 cases,P =0.003)and diarrhea (6.0％,14/234 cases,P ＝ 0.001) cases were less.The detection rates of Flu A reached a peak of 57.0％ in November and December,and a secondary peak of 45.0％ in May and June.Flu A infection children less than 1 year old were simple in etiology.The children were older,the etiology was more complex.The primary coinfection pathogen was KP (53.8％,126/234 cases) and Flu B(48.3％,113/234 cases).Compared Flu A coinfection with or without KP,there was no difference between these 2 groups in the clinical features.Conclusions Intfluenza A is the main pathogen of hospitalized children with flu-like symptoms in 2009.Children over 1 year old age were the major infection groups of Flu A.The detection rates of Flu A reached peaks in May to June and November to December.Flu A positive children were prone to KP coinfection.