BACKGROUND: Odontogenic infection factor has been given much importance in the study of the etiology of secondary trigeminal neuralgia,and the theory of jaw bone cavities is proposed. OBJECTIVE: To study the relationship of the jaw bone cavities and the etiology of trigeminal neuralgia.DESIGN: A self-controlled trial.SETTING: Department of oral and maxillofacial surgery of a university hospital.PARTICIPANTS: The patients with the trigeminal neuralgia were treated in Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of the Medical College of Qingdao University from February 1994 to December 2003, from whom 45 were selected for this study, including 15 males and 30 females with altogether 74 jaw bone cavities.METHODS: Curettage of the jaw bone cavities was performed in these cases, and visual analogue scale(VAS) was adopted for evaluation of the postoperative pain.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① VAS; ② Pathological examination and bacteria culture of the specimens.RESULTS: Pain relief was achieved in 33 cases(73.3% ) after the first surgery and in 10 cases(22.2% ) after a second or third surgery. In 2 cases (4.5%), the pain was alleviated but medication was still needed for pain control. Pathological examinations in most cases identified predominantly in flammatory and granulation tissues.CONCLUSION: Jaw bone cavities may be one of the major etiologic factors of trigeminal neuragia.

Objective To explore the effect of emergency rescue in whole-course integrated of abdominal injury with multitrauma. Methods Two hundred and eleven cases of abdominal injury with multitrauma from January 2004 to December 2006,before the emergency rescue in whole-course integrated, treating severe trauma 102 cases (group A),from January 2007 to December 2009,after the emergency rescue in whole-course integrated, treating severe trauma 109 cases (group B) .retrospectively analyzing and comparing the clinical effect between the two groups. Results In group A,injury severity score (ISS) was (24.7 ± 6.2) scores, 14 cases died, the mortality was 13.7% ,the time in emergency room and the time to operation room averaged (1.8 ± 0.2), (2.3 ± 0.3) h. While in group B, ISS was (26.6 ± 7.4) scores,6 cases died, the mortality was 5.5%, the time in emergency room and the time to operation room averaged (1.1 ± 0.1), (1.5 ± 0.2 ) h. ISS indicated no significant difference between the two groups ( P > 0.05 ), the mortality, the time in emergency room and the time to operation room indicated significant difference between the two groups (P < 0.05 ).Conclusion Emergency rescue in whole-course integrated of abdominal injury with multitrauma is an effective way to improve the curative rate.

Objective To investigate the role of epidermal growth factor receptor and cyclooxygenase-2 pathways in the erlotinib and celecoxib enhanced radiation sensitivity in A549 human lung cancer cell line. Methods IC20 of erlotinib and celecoxibon in A549 human lung cancer cells was measured by MTT assay,Clonogenic assays were used to evaluate the antitumor effects of the drugs and Xirradiation.Flow cytometry was used to assess the apoptosis and cell cycle alteration,and Western blot was used for the detection of Akt and phospho-Akt.Results Both erlotinib and celecoxib could inhibit the proliferation of A549 cells in vitro in a dose-dependent manner and their values of IC20 were (5.15 ± 0.14)and (40.32 ± 1.26) μmol/L,respectively. For radiation survival,the values of Dq,Do,SF2 of the combination of two drugs were lower than those of either drug ( t =6.62,P ＜ 0.05).The SER of celecoxib,erlotinib and their combination were 1.299,1.503 and 2.217,respectively.Flow cytometry assay showed that both celecoxib and erlotinib could enhance radiation-induced G0/G1 arrest,reduce the cell numbmer in S phase,and enhance radiation-induced apoptosis,especially for the combination of drugs.Western blot assay showed that the expressions of Akt protein were similar in all groups.However,pAkt expression was suppresssed by erlotinib and celecoxib,but promoted by radiation.pAkt had the lowest expression in the radiated cells with the treatment of two drugs ( t =4.89,P ＜ 0.05 ).Conclusions The edotinib and/or celecoxib could enhance radiosensitivity probably by increasing cell apoptosis and reducing the number of Sphase cells with low radiosensitivity.

Objective To investigate the radiosensitizing effects of gefitinib at different administration time. Methods Gefitinib was administered to A549 lung cancer cells in three different ways (method 1, 24 h before irradiation ;method 2, upon irradiation and method 3, 24 h after irradiation). Cell-surviving rates were evaluated by the colony-forming assays. Cell apoptnsis and cell-cycle distributions were detected by the flow cytometry (FCM). Protein expression of p21, Cdc25c, Bcl-2, Bax, Rad51 and phosphorylated DNA - PKcs (phnspho - DNA - PK) were measured with the Western blot analysis. Results The sensitizing effect ratio (ratio of D_0 value) was 2.23, 1.51 and 1.30 with method 1, 2 and 3, respectively. A higher apoptosis rate and more G_2/M phase arrest were observed with method 1 when compare with method 2 or 3. With the similar tendency, the protein level of p21, Cdc25c, Bcl-2, Bax, RadSl and phospho-DNA-PK changed distinctly. Conclusions Radiosensitizing effects are obtained in all three methods, with gefitinib delivered before irradiation being the best.

Objective To compare the effect of radionuclide bone imaging and MRI in locating responsible vertebrae after osteoporotic vertebral compressive fractures (OVCF).Methods A retrospective analysis was made on 25 patients with OVCF treated by percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP)from May 2015 to December 2015.There were 4 males and 21 females,at age range of 63-87 years [(73.3 ±6.16)years].The fractured vertebrae included 2 T4,3 T5,2 T6,2 T7,5 T8,3 T9,3 T10,7 T11,9 T12,11 L1,10 L2,2 L3,5 L4 and 1 L5.Cervical imaging examinations (X-ray,bone mineral density,MRI,radionuclide bone imaging) were performed on admission.Oswestry disability index (ODI) and visual analogue scale (VAS) were estimated before operation and 1 d after operation.Results of MRI and radionuclide bone imaging were compared.Results A total of 64 vertebrae were included in our study.Thirty-six vertebrae were recognized as fresh OVCFs by MRI,and 40 by radionuclide bone imaging.Kappa-test indicated the results of the examination methods were statistically significant (P ＜0.05).Specificity (96.6％) and accuracy (98.4％) of MRI were higher than radionuclide bone imaging bone scan (82.8％,92.2％).Conclusions Radionuclide bone imaging has a high consistency with MRI in locating responsible vertebrae after OVCF,but MRI is associated with higher specificity and accuracy.In exceptional cases,radionuclide bone imaging can partly replace MRI as a way to locate OVCF.

Child, Preschool ; Fatal Outcome ; Female ; Humans ; Respiratory Tract Infections ; complications ; Shock, Septic ; etiology ; Streptococcal Infections ; complications

Objective: The Chinese version of the Multidimensional Bullying Victimization Scale (MBVS) was revised, and its reliability, validity and cross gender equivalence were tested in Chinese adolescents. Methods: A total of 2 279 adolescents were investigated by using convenient cluster sampling method from April to May 2021, 1 500 adolescents were followed to complete the retest of Chinese version of MBVS after 4-6 weeks. Olweus Bully/Victim Questionnaire Victim (OBVQ-V) and Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) were used as the criterion related validity instrument. Results: Exploratory factor analysis extracted 4 factors with a cumulative variance interpretation rate of 58.34%. Results of CFA supports the hypothesis of 4 factor model( χ 2/df=8.64, CFI=0.93, TLI=0.92, RMSEA =0.06), and the 4 dimensions included direct bullying, indirect bullying, evaluative bullying and relationship bullying. The correlation coefficient between MBVS and OBVQ-V was 0.59, between MBVS and CES-D was 0.32. The internal consistency reliability was 0.92 and the test retest reliability was 0.72. The cross gender equivalence hypothesis of the scale was valid. Conclusion The Chinese version of MBVS has good reliability and validity, as well as gender equivalence and could be recommended for adolescent bullying screening.

To explore the characteristics and influenced factors associated with the onset of vertigo disease, analysis of 3 719 cases of hospitalized patients with vertigo disease from the real world. Analysis the date of patients diagnosed with vertigo disease from the hospital information system of 19 grade-III class-A hospital from 2004 to 2011, include general information, the doctor's advice, other diseases combined, diagnostic information and the relationship with the onset of 24 solar terms, and the treatment drugs. The median age of hospitalized patients with vertigo disease was 59, the number of women (65.91%) was more than men (34.09%), manual workers (85.32%) were the majority career, most patients (81.63%) condition were general by the time they were hospital admission, patients more like admitted to neurologist (70.34%) when they first time to outpatient serves, hospitalization days were in 8-14 days (46.65%), 46.04% of the patients in the hospital total cost is in 5 000 RMB to 10 000 RMB, 73.86% of patients paid by National Health Medical Insurance. Hypertension (20.79%) was the most common underlying health problems, The most common syndromes was deficiency of liver-Yin and kidney-Yin(44. 21%) , followed by hyperactivity of liver-yang, disease of phlegm turbidity in mongolia and deficiency of Qi and blood. There were more deficiency syndrome and less excess syndrome. The highest rate of hospital admission solar terms in 2009 was the insects awaken throttle (5.21%), In 2010, the highest rate solar terms of hospital admission was the rain throttle (6.14%). The most frequently used traditional Chinese medicine was gastrodine injection (20.55%), the most frequently used western medicine for betahistine (10.19%), gastrodine injection was the most traditional Chinese medicine that combination with other western medicine. Hypertension was the most underlying health problems in the patients with vertigo disease in the real world, although the mental factors should also be attention. Liver was the most closely internal organs with vertigo, and solar terms in spring was the highest-frequency time. Gastrodine injection was the most commonly used traditional Chinese medicin in clinical to treat vertigo diserse, the therapeutic regimen combining with traditional Chinese and western medicine has more advantages. We should pay more attention to the guidance of Chinese medicine "syncretism between heaven and man", to keep up with the rhythm of change, adapt to the changes in the human body growth and decline of the Yin and Yang, by adopting the method of syndrome differentiation in traditional Chinese medicine to prevention and treatment vertigo disease.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Benzyl Alcohols ; therapeutic use ; Betahistine ; therapeutic use ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Glucosides ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Male ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods ; Middle Aged ; Vertigo ; diagnosis ; drug therapy ; epidemiology ; Young Adult

Objective To compare the degree of cell injury induced by 3D protein (SDLY11 and SDLY107) of enterovirus 71 (EV71) strains.Methods EV71 strains SDLY11 and SDLY107 were respectively isolated from children with mild and severe hand foot mouth disease.The target genes 11-3D-Flag and 107-3D-Flag were amplified by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reation (RT-PCR) and inserted into the eukaryotic expression vector pcDNA3.1.The recombinant plasmids 11-3D-Flag-pcDNA3.1 and 107-3D-Flag-pcDNA3.1 were transformed into Escherichia.coli DH5α, respectively, and were identified by enzyme digestion and sequencing.The recombinant plasmids were transfected into rhabdomyosarcoma (RD) cells, respectively.Expression of 3D protein was detected by indirect immunofluorescence assay and western blot.Cell injury induced by 3D protein was detected with lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) test, cell proliferation was detected by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazolyl-2)-2,5-diphenylthiazolium bromide (MTT) test, and cell apoptosis was detected with Annexin-V and PI.Multiple comparisons among groups were analyzed using LSD-t test if multiple sets of variables were consistent with homogeneity of variance.If not, Dunnett T3 test was used.Results The 1 400 bp fragments were amplified by reverse tramscription (RT)-polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and the recombinant plasmids were digested by enzyme and the 1 400 bp and 5 400 bp fragments were obtained and identified.Gene sequencing showed that the sequences were consistent with the target genes.The specific fluorescence was observed by indirect immunofluorescence assay, and the western blot showed that the molecular weight of the target protein was 55×103.The LDH test showed that the A490 of SDLY11 3D protein transfection group (0.790±0.048) was higher than that of SDLY107 3D protein transfection group (0.641±0.018).The difference was statistically significant (t=5.14, P<0.05).The cell membrane damage caused by SDLY11 3D protein was more severe than SDLY107 3D protein.The MTT test showed that the A570 of SDLY11 3D protein transfection group (1.028±0.020) was lower than that of SDLY107 3D protein transfection group (1.081±0.002), and the difference was statistically significant (t=3.31, P<0.05).The effect on cell proliferation activity of SDLY11 3D protein was greater than SDLY107 3D protein.The results of Annexin-V/PI showed that the percentage of apoptotic cells of SDLY11 3D protein transfection group and SDLY107 3D protein transfection group were (1.471±0.246)% and (1.465±0.237)%, respectively, and the difference was not statistically significant (t=0.04, P=0.973).Conclusions Compared with the SDLY11 3D protein, SDLY107 3D protein induces slighter cell injury, has weaker effect on cell proliferation activity, and is more favorable for virus replication in cells.

OBJECTIVEThe application and therapeutic effect of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) in hypoxic-ischemic brain damage (HIBD) remains controversial. Previous studies have focused on the early pathological and biochemical outcomes and there is a lack of long-term functional evaluation. This study was designed to evaluate the long-term pathological and behavioral changes of early HBO therapy on neonatal rats with HIBD.

METHODSPostnatal 7 days (PD7) rat pups were randomly assigned into Control (n=18), HIBD (n=17) and HBO treatment groups (n=17). HIBD was induced by ligating the left common carotid, followed by 2 hrs hypoxia exposure in the HIBD and HBO treatment groups. The Control group was sham-operated and was not subjected to hypoxia exposure. The HBO therapy with 2 atmosphere absolutes began 0.5-1 hr after HIBD in the HIBD treatment group, once daily for 2 days. The spatial learning and memory ability were evaluated by the Morris water maze test at PD37 to PD41. The morphological and histological changes of the brain, including brain weight, survival neurons, AchE positive unit and NOS positive neurons in hippocampal CA1 region, were detected at PD42.

RESULTSThe rats in the HIBD group displayed significant morphological and histological deficits, as well as severe spatial learning and memory disability. In the Morris water maze test, the mean escape latency were longer (56.35 +/- 22.37 s vs 23.07 +/- 16.28 s; P < 0.05) and the probe time and probe length were shorter in the HIBD group (29.29 +/- 6.06 s vs 51.21 +/- 4.59 s and 548 +/- 92 cm vs 989 +/- 101 cm; both P < 0.05) compared with the Control group. The left brain weight in the HIBD group was lighter than that in the Control group (0.601 +/- 0.59 g vs 0.984 +/- 0.18 g; P < 0.05). The survival neurons in the hippocampal CA1 region were less (100 +/- 27/mm vs 183 +/- 8/mm; P < 0.05), as well as the AchE-positive unit and NOS-positive neurons (18.50 +/- 2.24% vs 27.50 +/- 2.18% and 19.25 +/- 4.33 vs 33.75 +/- 5.57 respectively; P < 0.05) after HIBD. Early HBO treatment improved the abilities of spatial learning and alleviated the morphological and histological damage. The mean escape latency (39.17 +/- 21.20 s) was shortened, the probe time (36.84 +/- 4.36 s) and the probe length (686 +/- 76 cm) were longer, and the brain weight (0.768 +/- 0.85 g), the survival neurons (133 +/- 25/mm) and the AchE-positive unit (21.94 +/- 2.73%) increased significantly compared with those of the HIBD group (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSEarly HBO treatment resulted in a protective effect against HIBD-induced long-term brain morphological and histological deficits and spatial learning and memory disability.

Acetylcholinesterase ; analysis ; Animals ; Brain ; pathology ; Escape Reaction ; Female ; Hippocampus ; enzymology ; pathology ; Hyperbaric Oxygenation ; Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain ; enzymology ; pathology ; therapy ; Male ; Maze Learning ; Nitric Oxide Synthase ; analysis ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley