BACKGROUND:Autologous shed blood washing with the autologous transfusion system involving recovery, anticoagulation, centrifugation, concentrating and washing has been widely used in clinical practice.
OBJECTIVE:To clarify the characteristics of erythrocytes washing with autologous transfusion system, including recovery rate and hematocrit, the changes of shape, deformability, flow properties and in vivo half-life, oxygen carrying and delivering capacity and erythrocyte immunity and immunereceptor expression.
METHODS:The literatures published from January 1987 to January 2013 were retrieved by the first author in Wanfang and PubMed databases. Key words were“blood transfusion, autologus, blood preservation, erythrocytes”in English and Chinese. A total of 200 literatures relating to the erythrocyte characteristics in autologous blood transfusion were found by the computer, 60 of which were retained for further analysis after eliminating repetitive researches.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Because of the mechanical force, such as negative pressure suction, centrifugal separation, and inflammatory mediators, enzymes, activated complements released by various damaged tissues and cells, the col ected erythrocytes were damaged to some extent. As a result, the total recovery rate of erythrocytes depended on the recovery rate, storage breakage rate and cleaning loss rate. The oxygen carrying capacity of erythrocytes was not influenced significantly by this procedure, so the recycled erythrocytes had the same oxygen carrying capacity with normal erythrocytes. To some extent, the number of surface receptors and immune function of recycled erythrocytes descended, but they were better than the erythrocytes preserved for 2 weeks. Studies suggested that blood recovery technology should be improved to reduce the functional decline in immune adherence of the recycled erythrocytes.

Central serous chorioretinopathy( CSC) is an important cause for central vision loss. It mostly occurs in young and middle-aged men. It is a condition characterized by a serous detachment of neurosensory retina at the posterior pole and leakage from the retinal pigment epithelium ( RPE ) . Most patients with acute CSC will resolve spontaneously. However, in cases of chronic CSC with persistent serous retinal detachment, patients might develop progressive vision loss. This article was made a brief review of the current treatment methods, including laser, photodynamic therapy ( PDT ) , intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor therapy and the mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists.

50 ms (PNN 50 ) and the high frequency (HF) in patients with EH were decreased, While the ratio between low frequency and high frequency (LF/HF) were increased. After the treatment of irbesartan, the values of SDNN, RMSSD, PNN 50 , and HF were increased, and the LF/HF was decreased significantly. CONCLUSION: Irbersartan can increase the lowed HRV in patients with EH, which improves the cardiovascular automatic function.

Objective To investigate the movement and its influencing factors of the space-occup ying pancreatic lesions and provide a reference for the safe margin between CTV and PTV in accurate radio therapy.Methods Gold fiducials were implanted into the lesions of 16 pancreatic carcinoma patients by percutaneous punctures under B-uhrasonographic guidance.The movements of these markers were measured under the X-ray simulator system in the x,y and z axial directions,respectively.The relevant influencing fac tors were analyzed.Results The motion amplitudes of pancreatic lesions were 0.1-0.3 (mean 0.16 ± 0.06) cm,0.1-0.4 (mean 0.25 ±0.12) em and 0.5-1.6 (mean 0.88±0.24) cm in the x,y and z axi al directions,respectively.The movements were not associated with the height,weight,age,tumor location or tumor size.Conclusions The motion of the space-occupying pancreatic lesions is mainly influenced by the respiration,especially with the maximal amplitude in the z axial direction.Therefore,the motion in the z axial direction should be given more consideration when determining the PTV margin.

Aged ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; pathology ; surgery ; Cholecystectomy ; Gallbladder Neoplasms ; pathology ; surgery ; Humans ; Male

OBJECTIVETo study the effect of some active Chinese herbal fraction on protein expression of brain tissue in ischemic mouse with proteomic technique.

METHODSIschemia-reperfusion mice were treated with baicalin, geniposide, cholic acid and concha margaritifera respectively for 3 hrs, and then their brain tissue were taken to extract the total protein. Protein expression in ischemic mouse brain was analyzed with surface-enhanced laser desorption/inionation-time of flight-mass spectra (SELDI-TOF-MS) protein-chip.

RESULTSThe four components tested had effect on 3 target proteins at 5373Da, 5707Da and 15103Da, showing the nature of multi-target and with different action on protein expression.

CONCLUSIONProtein-chip is an effective approach for exploring the pharmacological mechanism of Chinese herbal fraction.

Animals ; Brain ; metabolism ; Brain Infarction ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Male ; Mice ; Phytotherapy ; Protein Array Analysis ; Proteomics ; methods ; Reperfusion Injury ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization ; methods

Objective To evaluate the effect ofcytochrome P450 isoenzyme subfamily 2C19 (CYP2C19)gene polymorphism on the clopidogrel antiplatelet therapy in cirrhosis patients after receiving transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS).Methods The clinical data of 171 cirrhosis patients,who were treated with TIPS during the period from January 2013 to December 2014,were retrospectively analyzed.During operation both the portal vein and the elbow vein blood samples were collected and sent for CYP2C19 gene testing.After TIPS,clinical follow-up checkup was made once every 3 months.The gene detection results and clinical follow-up findings were comparatively analyzed.Results A total of 110 patients,who had not received blood transfusion before TIPS and who had regularly taken clopidogrel antiplatelet therapy after TIPS were enrolled in the study.The mean time to take clopidogrel was 192.4 days (31-517 days),and the gene detection results of portal vein and elbow vein were quite consistent.CYP2C19 genotype of *1/*1 was found in 49 patients (44.5％),CYP2C19 genotype of *1/*2 in 27 patients (24.6％),CYP2C19 genotype of *1/*3 in 18patients (16.4％),CYP2C19 genotype of *2/*2 in 11 patients (10.0％),CYP2C19 genotype of *2/*3 in 3patients (2.7％),and CYP2C 19 genotype of *3/*3 in 2 patients (1.8％).Following-up examinations showed that the incidence of shunt dysfunction in patients carrying slow metabolic gene was 87.5％ (14/16),which was significantly higher than that in patients carrying moderate metabolic gene (20.0％,9/45;x2=22.9,P=0.006)as well as in patients carrying fast metabolic gene (8.2％,4/49;x2=37.91,P=O.O00 1).Multivariate analysis of Cox regression model indicated that CYP2C19 slow metabolic gene variation was an important predictive factor for shunt dysfunction (95％CI:1.80-9.03,P=O.O00 7).Conclusion CYP2C19 slow metabolic gene variation,including genotype of *2/*2,*2/*3 and *3/*3,is an important factor that can influence the efficacy of clopidogrel treatment after TIPS.Preoperative CYP2C19 gene detection results can provide useful information,which is very helpful in making an effective and reliable anti-platelet treatment plan for patients after TIPS.

Objective To investigate the differences of clinical efficacy and untoward reaction of different chemotherapy regi‐mens for patients with malignant glioma on different expression levels of O6‐methylguanine‐DNA‐methyltransferase(MGMT) ,in order to provide references for clinical treatment .Methods Totally 90 cases of patients with malignant glioma in our hospital from January 2011 to January 2013 were selected ,among them ,64 cases of MGMT negative expressing patients were divided into group A and group B with 32 cases in each group ,and 26 cases of MGMT positive expressing patients were enrolled into the group C . Group A was treated with combination of radiotherapy ,teniposide and nimustine ,group B was treated with radiotherapy‐temozolo‐mide combination regimen ,group C was treated with combination of radiotherapy ,teniposide and nimustine .The untoward reactions of the three groups were compared ,and the survival rate was observed after one year follow‐up .Results The hemoglobin ,leuko‐cyte ,granulocyte ,platelet ,bleeding ,alanine aminotransferase ,creatinine ,urea nitrogen ,peripheral neuritis ,untoward reactions a‐mong the three groups had no statistically significant differences (P>0 .05);the incidence rates of nausea and vomiting ,diarrhea , constipation among the three groups had statistically significant differences(P<0 .05) ,in which group C was significantly higher than that of group A and group B(P<0 .05) .Only one case in the group C was lost in the one year follow‐up .The median survival time was 10 months in group A and group B ,and was 7 months in group C .The median survival time in group C was significantly lower when compared with that in group A and group B(χ2 =7 .673 ,P=0 .006 ;χ2 =6 .395 ,P=0 .011) ,while there was no signifi‐cant difference of median survival time between group A and group B(χ2 =0 .063 .P=0 .802) .Conclusion The long‐term prognosis of patients with negative MGMT expression might be significantly worse than that of patients with negative MGMT expression in glioma .

Chemical investigation of the whole plants of Valeriana hardwickii has led to the isolation of 11 flavones and 2 monoterpe- noids by using various chromatographic techniques including column chromatography on silica gel and Sephadex LH-20, preparative TLC, and preparative HPLC. Their structures were identified by spectroscopic data analysis as syzalterin (1), 6-methylapigenin (2), 5-hydroxy-7,4'-dimethoxyflavone (3), genkwanin (4), acacetin (5), apigenin (6), quercetin (7), tricin (8), (-)-farrerol (9), sosakuranetin (10), 5,3',4'-trihydroxy-7-methoxyflavanone (11), (-)-bornyl ferulate ( 12) , and (-)-bornyl caffeate ( 13). All compounds were isolated from this plant for the first time, while compounds 1, 9-13 were obtained from this genus for the first time.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Molecular Structure ; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization ; Valerian ; chemistry

Objective To design phacoemulsification handpiece with small size and high amplitude amplification coefficient.Methods By introducing the electro-mechanical vibration characteristics of piezoelectric transducer and ultrasonic horn,and adopting the equivalent circuit method and analytical method,respectively,the size of the ultrasonic horn,quarter wavelength piezoelectric transducer and ultrasonic horn were designed.Then,modal and harmonic analysis in finite element analysis software ANSYS11.0 were used to simulate the handpiece,and to optimize the size of the handpiece after adding on needle.Results The results indicated that the longitudinal vibration frequency and amplification coefficient were very close to theoretical design.The errors were 1.4％ and 5.8％,respectively.When piezoelectric ceramics were loaded with 300 V sinusoidal voltage,the displacement amplitude at the end of the needle reached 125.5 μm,which could meet the phacoemulsification surgery needs.Conclusion This design greatly reduced the size of the handpiece,and obtained high amplitude amplification coefficient.The simulation results sufficiently validated the theoretical design.