Objective To investigate the situation and change of antifungal resistance in clinical Candida and other fungal iso- lates from 5 hospitals in diverse geographic region of China.Methods Antimicrobial susceptibility testing of 8 000 fungat iso- lates collected during 2001 and 2005 were carried out with 25?g fluconazole disk and 1?g voriconazole disk using disk diffusion method as recommend by CLSI/NCCLS M44-A.Disk test plates were automatically read and results were recoded with the BIOMIC Image Analysis System.The equivalent MICs were automatically calculated by the BIOMIC System software.Results The proportion of Candida atbicans and non-Candida albicans (e.g.Candida glabrata) in the total fungal isolates did not change significantly from 2001 to 2005.The susceptibility rate of C.albicans to fluconazole and vorieonazole were stable during 2001 and 2005.However, the resistance to fluconazole and voriconazole increased variably in C.glabrata and other non-Can- dida albicans fungal isolates during the same period.Conclusions The voriconazole demonstrated higher activity against all yeast species in comparison with fluconazole.The increasing resistance to fluconazole and voriconazole in non C.albicans fungal isolates including C.glabruta suggests the importance of surveillance of fungal resistance in Candida isolates.

We isolated 61 endophyte isolates from the bark of 4 plants, Ginkgo biloba L, Albizzia julibrissin Durazz, Ailanthus sltissima (Mill) Swingle and Melia azedarach L. At the test concentration of 200 ?g/mL, higher than 50% of antitumor activities were demonstrated with crude extracts from 45.9% of fungal culture in MTT assay. Six isolates, YX5, YX17, YX36, KL1, CC1 and CC5, still showed higher cytotoxicity at 50 ?g/mL. No isolates from A. julibrissin had inhibitory effect towards EC109 at the test concentration of 50 ?g/mL; while about 15.8% of isolates from G. biloba were active. IC50 of the extract from the most active isolate YX5 against EC109, HONE1 and HeLa were 18.3 ?g/mL, 3.6 ?g/mL and 6.5 ?g/mL, respectively. Our results indicate that endophytes from G. biloba could be regarded as a potent source of antitumor drugs.

Aneurysm, Dissecting ; genetics ; Aortic Aneurysm ; genetics ; Diseases in Twins ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged

0.05).There was significant difference in the 3-year survival rate between A and C group. Conclusions The 3-year survival rate was dramatically increased with combined therapy mainly by cisplatin, the dose of 60～80mg is tolerant for the elderly aged above seventy years, and perioperation complications can be cured.

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a human herpesvirus associated with important human diseases, including infectious mononucleosis syndrome, malignant lymphoma, and nasopharyngeal carcinoma. The mechanism of EBV entry into host cells remains a subject of intensive research. After decades of study, researchers have identified several key proteins and different patterns of EBV intrusion into host cells. The viral surface glycoproteins, gp350/220, gp42, gB, gH, and gL, are involved in interactions with the CR2 receptor on the surface of B lymphocytes during viral entry. However, the majority of epithelial cells lack CR2 receptor expression, which makes viral invasion much more complex than in B lymphocytes. Three different models have been proposed to explain how EBV enters epithelial cells: (1) "transfer of infection", mediated by B lymphocytes or Langerhans cells; (2) EBV utilizes its own proteins during the process of fusion with the cell membrane; and (3) progeny virions arising from EBV-infected epithelial cells cross lateral membranes into adjacent epithelial cells. This review will discuss the relevant mechanism of viral entry into B lymphocytes and epithelial cells during EBV infection.
Animals ; B-Lymphocytes ; virology ; Epithelial Cells ; virology ; Epstein-Barr Virus Infections ; virology ; Herpesvirus 4, Human ; genetics ; physiology ; Humans ; Viral Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Virus Internalization

Child, Preschool ; Coronary Aneurysm ; etiology ; pathology ; Coronary Vessels ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome ; complications ; pathology

e: Objective:To establish a useable animal model for the purification and immunotherapy of HSP with the observation of the growth rule of S180 sarcome tumor tissue and the immunohistochemical expression of different HSP in mice. Methods:The tumor incidence?the role of growth?the survival time and immunohistochemical expression of different HSP were observed after the S180 sarcome cells were inoculated at Balb/C mice back subcutaneous in different dose. Results:Sarcoma were formed in 100%.There are significant difference between vary dose in survival time, The expression was positive in HSP60?70?90? and grp94, and HSP70 expression was enhanced whereas HSP90? expression was decreased after heat shock treated. Conclusion:The use of S180 sarcome in mice is a good model to observe the expression of different HSP and the tumor tissue is suitable to purify. The model can be also used in the library study of HSP tumor vaccine.

Objective To elucidate the prevalence and clinical characteristics of human metapneumovirus(hMPV)in hospital- ized children with respiratory infection.Methods A total of 452 hospitalized children with lower respiratory tract infection were observed from Aug 2004 to Jan 2005.Respiratory tract aspirates were collected from all patients within 48 hours after admis sion.The specimens were routinely tested for respiratory syncytial virus,influenza virus A and B,parainfluenza virus 1 to 3 and adenovirus by direct fluorescent assay(DFA).The 245 specimens negative by DFA were tested for hMPV by RT-PCR. PCR products of hMPV M gene from some patients were randomly selected for sequencing analysis.Results hMPV was identi- fied in 59(24.1%)of the 245 specimens tested,hMPV infection alone accounted for 13.1% of the infections in the 452 chil- dren under study,The prevalence of hMPV was higher than other respiratory viruses in winter.The mean age of hMPV-infec- ted children(n=59)was 27.7 months.There was no significant difference between age groups in terms of the prevalence of hMPV(P＞0.05).There were no statistically significant difference in demographics and clinical symptoms between hMPV in- fection and other common respiratory virus infection.Genotyping for the hMPV M gene from 23 Shanghai patients showed two distinct hMPV genotypes.Sequence analysis of these hMPV M genes showed 82.8%-100% homology to the registered se- quence in GenBank.There was no significant difference in clinical characteristics between the 2 genotypes.Conclusions hMPV plays an important pathogenic role in lower respiratory tract infection of children,hMPV prevailed in the winter of 2004.Clini- cally,hMPV infection can not be discriminated from the infection of other respiratory viruses.Clinical manifestation is similar between the two hMPV genotypes.

Objective To analyze the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features of sacrococcygeal teratoma in children,and explore the diagnostic value of MRI and the critical suggestion for treatment.Methods The MRI features,clinical features,pathological data and operation complication of sacrococcygeal teratoma in 26 children were retrospectively analyzed. Phenotype teratoma in 9 cases grew from apex of coccyx to fundament.They presented spherical or ellipsoidal,distinct boundary and septatus in cystic MRI.All pathological data presented benign tumors.Mixed teratoma in 16 cases growed from fundament to cavitas pelvis.They presented dumbbell,distinct boundary,mixed signal of cystiform and solid density in MRI.There were 12 cases in benign tumors and 4 cases in malignant in pathology,the invisible teratoma in 1 case which lay between rectum and sacrum,extended to cavitas pelvis.Its boundary was not intact and segmented,and the pathological data presented malignant tumors.Results All of the 26 cases were completely excised only once and 21 of them received sacrococcygeal incision,5 cases had abdominosacral combined incision.Twenty-two cases were followed up (benign 20 cases,malignant 2 cases),and 2 cases of them died. 8 cases had complications,of the 8 cases,2 cases with necrosis of flap,1 case with chronic sinus tract and 2 cases with recidivism occurrd.Conclusions MRI may detect discovering the location and appearance of sacrococcygeal teratoma in children in diagnosis and in differential diagnosis of tumor nature.It is a very significant to reconstruct cavities pelvis and eradicase focal dead space in prevention and treatment of post-operation complication in childrens sacrococcygeal teratoma.

AIM: To better reveal the changing process of macula area after photodynamic therapy (PDT), the changes of tomographic imaging on macular fovea optical coherence tomography ( OCT ) scan at different follow- up time points after treating age-related macular degeneration ( AMD) by PDT were investigated.
METHODS: This cohort study included 30 eyes of 26 patients diagnosed as AMD. The dosage of verteporfin was calculated according to manufacturer's instruction. All participants got FFA, ICG, OCT scan and best corrected visual acuity before and followed up for 2wk, 1, 2, 3mo after PDT. The standard five lines combined with 6 lines OCT scan covered key parts of lesion and the scan locations before and after were kept the same. The bilaminar foveal thickness (BFT), outer high reflectivity band thickness ( OHRBT ) , and the total area of intraretinal fluid ( IRF ) and subretinal fluid ( SRF ) were measured at different time points. The relationship between the changes and follow up time was analyzed. Statistical analysis of the data was performed using SPSS for windows version 13. 0.
RESULTS: There months after treatment, an improvement of 2 lines or better on the Snellen chart was achieved on 22 eyes, visual acuity of 3 eyes without significant change, 3 eyes got decreased, 2 cases lost follow up. The average macular thickness of improved 22 eyes before treatment was 722. 5±55. 6μm, 2wk after treatment, 708. 3±45. 3μm, 1mo, 584. 4±49. 3μm, 2mo, 430. 7±50. 2μm and 180. 6 ±36. 3μm at 3mo. The OHRBT before and after treatment respectively were 302. 3 ±50-2μm, 277. 5±42. 3μm, 202. 7±40. 1μm, 180. 6±35. 7μm, 100. 8±22. 9μm. The total area of both IRF and SRF was estimated as 0. 34±0. 12mm2 , 0. 25±0. 07mm2 , 0. 10±0-05mm2 , 0. 08±0. 04mm2 , 0. 05±0. 01mm2 .
CONCLUSION:SRF and retinal edema of patients with AMD were absorbed 1mo after PDT, and the BFT, OHRBT were significantly tend to be thin.