Objective To evaluate the influence of different surface roughness on final surface texture of glazed ceramic. Methods Sixty porcelain discs were fabricated and randomly divided into five groups (n=12), which were sequentially grounded with water-cooled sandpapers of decreasing abrasiveness (220# , 400# , 600# , 800# and 1200# grit), and then all the specimens were glazed. Before and after glazing, the surface roughness (Ra) μm of the same specimens were evaluated quantitatively with profilometer and qualitatively using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Results The smoothest surfaces were obtained with 1 200# sandpapers griting prior to overglazing (Ra =0. 19 μm),and 220# sandpapers griting prior to overglazing displayed the roughest surfaces (Ra =0. 55 μm) ; each group displayed significant difference before and after glazing (P < 0. 05). The images obtained through SEM were consistent with the profilometer readings. Conclusions The results suggest that decreasing the surface roughness of dental ceramic prior to glazing is of great importance in order to obtain the smoothest surface after glazing.

ObjectiveTo study the effect and mechanism of vagus nerve stimulation(VNS) on seizure in animal with epilepsy.MethodsSeizures of 34 rats and 8 rabbits were induced by Penicillin, Kainic acid(KA) and Strychnice respectively. Electrocorticographic(ECoG), electrical activition of hippocampal neurons and behaviour were observed to evidence the effects of left intermittent VNS .ResultsVNS could suppress seizures in animal models with epilepsy. There were significant changes in epileptiform ECoG, discharges of hippcampal neuron and behaviour. ConclusionSomatic seizure can be effectively inhibited by visceral afferent inputs through integration in cortical and hippocampal parts.

Placentation,which is critical for maternal-fetal exchange of nutrients and gases,is a complicated process comprising stepwise vasculogenesis and angiogenesis.Hypoxia caused by impairedtrophoblast invasion may cause various angiogenic abnormalities in human placenta.The Notchl signaling pathway plays an important role in the regulation of angiogenesis.The angiogenesis of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) under normal/hypoxic conditions and the mRNA/protein level of Notchl/Dell4/Jaggedl were investigated in this study.The effects of DAPT/JAG-1 on the migration of HUVECs were also assessed by cell wound healing assay,so as to discover the possible role of notchl signaling pathway in the angiogenesis of human placenta.The results showed that angiogenic ability of HUVECs was seriously reduced under hypoxic conditions.The mRNA and protein levels of Notchl/Dell4/Jaggedl were decreased in the hypoxic group compared to the control one.In addition,the migration capability of HUVECs was significantly obstructed when treated with DAPT and under hopoxic condition,but promoted when treated with JAG-1.The above results demonstrate that hypoxia downregulates the angiogenesis in human placenta via Notch 1 signaling pathway.

Objective To observe the effect of transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation (TEAS) on the recovery of gastrointestinal function after laparoscopic intestinal operation.Methods Sixty patients of the selective laparoscopic intestinal resection, 28 males and 32 females, aged 18-65 years, ASA physical status Ⅰ or Ⅱ, were enrolled and randomly allocated into two groups: TEAS group and control group, 30 in each group.Patients in TEAS group accepted transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation treatment at Neiguan, Hegu, Zusanli points from the time before induction of anesthesia to 3 days after surgery, and patients in the control group were treated with transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation, but the electrode pads were just attached on the related points with no electric stimulation.Plasma motilin concentrations preoperatively, postoperatively 12, 24, 48 and 72 h were measured in the two groups.The recovery time of intestinal peristalsis, anal flatus time, in-hospital time and the incidence of nausea and vomiting within 3 days after operation were observed.Results Compared with the control group, serum motilin concentration postoperative 24 h increased significantly [(218.5±52.3) pg/ml vs (141.8±45.8) pg/ml, P<0.05], the time of intestinal peristalsis recovery [(19.4±3.2) h vs (29.6±7.8) h, P<0.05] and flatus [(23.2±4.7) h vs (36.5±8.9) h, P<0.05] were shorter, the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting within 3 days after operation decreased significantly in TEAS group (16.7% vs 36.7%, P<0.05).There was no statistically significant difference of the in-hospital time between the two groups.Conclusion TEAS can promote the recovery of gastrointestinal function in patients undergoing laparoscopic intestinal surgery.

Objective:To observe the effect of local excision under ultrasonography with immediate mammoplasty in granulomatous lobular mastitis.Methods:Fifty-three patients with granulomatous lobular mastitis admitted from Jan 2017 to Jul 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. Combined with sonographic findings and clinical manifestations, patients were divided into four types: type Ⅰ, single mass; Type Ⅱ, single mass located in one quadrant with one or no skin lesion; Type Ⅲ, multi-quadrant involved with one or no skin lesion; Type Ⅳ, multiple abscesses with multiple lesions in the skin. Twenty-five patients underwent wide local excision (control group); Twenty-eight patients underwent local excision under ultrasonography with immediate mammoplasty (experiment group). Patients with erythema nodosum or in type Ⅳ were given antibiotics and corticosteroid therapy preoperatively for 1 week and postoperatively for 5 days. The others went straight to surgery.Results:All patients were followed up for 1 year. In the experiment group, 28 patients had primary wound healing, and 3 patients had poor wound healing after operation (all were of type Ⅳ). The control group had 6 cases of recurrence(were of type Ⅲ and type Ⅳ). There was significant difference of the recurrence rate between the two groups (0 vs. 24%, χ 2=6.033, P=0.014), and the aesthetic effect of local excision under ultrasonography with immediate mammoplasty was better than that of wide local excision(93% vs. 68%, χ 2=5.330, P=0.020). Conclusion:The recurrence rate of local excision under ultrasonography with immediate mammoplasty is low, and with a satisfactory cosmetic effect.

BACKGROUND:Previous studies have confirmed that ethanol can promote adipogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), and up-regulate the expression of PPARγ and aP2 in the tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) signaling pathway. As a member of the ZIP protein family, Zrt/Irt-like protein 1 (ZIP1) is closely related to bone metabolism and osteogenic differentiation.OBJECTIVE:To study the effect of BMSCs transfected by ZIP1 on TNF-α signaling pathway in the process of adipogenic differentiation.METHODS:The BMSCs from rabbits were isolated and cultured under different concentrations of alcohol (0.03, 0.09,0.15, 0.21 mol/L), followed by transfection by ZIP1 siRNA and ZIP1 expression vector.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:After culture in alcohol, the expression levels of aP2 and PPARγ proteins were both significantly increased (P < 0.05), and the level of triglyceride was increased in all alcohol groups except for 0.03 mol/L alcohol group (P < 0.05). After siRNA transfection, the expression levels of aP2 and PPARγ as well as the level of triglyceride were increased significantly in all the alcohol groups (P < 0.05); however, ZIP1 transfection decreased the expression levels of aP2 and PPARγ proteins (P < 0.05). To conclude, ZIP1 siRNA could promote the adipogenic differentiation of BMSCs through the activation of TNF-α signaling pathway.

ObjectiveTo explore the imaging features of fetal tuberous sclerosis complex by ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging.MethodsRetrospective analysis on the imaging characteristics of the 10 cases of fetuses confirmed as tuberous sclerosis complex who were examined in Hubei Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital in July 2013 to December 2014 by ultrasonography and MRI, which was compared with the pathological data of specimens and follow-up after birth.ResultsEighteen cases were diagnosed as fetal cardiac rhabdomyoma by ultrasonography among all of the 996 fetuses, in which lesions were located on the ventricular wall near septum or elsewhere in the heart cavity on ultrasonography. Fetal cardiac rhabdomyoma was characterized by circular, homogeneous high echo (singleton in 4 cases, multiple in 14 cases). Among them no subependymal nodule was found by ultrasonographic. Ten cases of subependymal nodule were found by magnetic resonance imaging, which were diagnosed as tuberous sclerosis complex with cardiac rhabdomyomas, including 3 cases of brain subcortical tubers. The subependymal nodules under the lateral ventricle wall showed characteristic low signal nodules on T2WI, protruding from the ependymal surface. Of 18 cases, only 4 cases of fetal cardiac rhabdomyoma were found by MRI. Nine cases of ifnally had termination of pregnancy. Two cases were conifrmed as cardiac rhabdomyoma with intracranial nodules after pathological examination, and 1 case was conifrmed as tuberous sclerosis complex after birth. ConclusionsPrenatal ultrasonography can diagnose fetal cardiac rhabdomyoma successfully, and MRI can diagnose the fetal brain nodules sensitively. Once ultrasonography finds cardiac rhabdomyoma, it may be promising to diagnose fetal tuberous sclerosis complex by ultrasonography combined with MRI.

Lagerstroemia speciosa Pers,also known as banaba,belongs to Lythraceae and contains ursolic acid,corosolic ac?id,asiatic acid and 30 other kinds of effective components.It has multiple pharmacological activities,including hypoglycemic,hypo?lipidemic,anti-oxidant and anti-viral activities,and is mainly used for the treatment of obesity and diabetes in folk medcine.This re?view summarizes the recent advances in chemical composition and pharmacological effects of L.speciosa Pers,so as to provide the theo?retical basis and reference for its further research and application.

Objective To evaluate the effect of various iterative reconstruction methods on phase analysis of gated myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI). Methods Thirty consecutive patients scanned by the Philips CardioMD system were recruited into this study. The gated SPECT (GSPECT) data were reconstructed with filtered backprojection (FBP),maximum likelihood expectation maximization (MLEM),three-di-mensional (3D) resolution recovery MLEM (AST),attenuation corrected (AC) MLEM,AC and 3D Monte Carlo scatter corrected (ACSC) MLEM methods. Parameters of left ventricular ( LV ) dyssynchrony ( phase standard deviation and histogram bandwidth) were measured using the software SyncTool. Paired t-test was used to compare the differences of the LV dyssynchrony indices between FBP and MLEM,AC MLEM,ACSC MLEM,AST respectively. Results The phase standard deviations of stress GSPECT MPI for FBP,MLEM,AC MLEM,ACSC MLEM,and AST were 11.6°,10.9°,11.2°,11.6°,11.4° respectively;while the histogram bandwidths were 35.7°,34.3°,35.1°,36.9°,35. 1 ° respectively. The phase standard deviations of rest GSPECT MPI for FBP,MLEM,AC MLEM,ACSC MLEM and AST were 15.2°,14. 5°,15.4° ,15. 4°,14.8° respectively; while the histogram bandwidths were 47.3°,46.4°,46.4° ,47.9°,46.1 ° respectively. No statistical significance was observed between the FBP and various iterative reconstruction methods for both the stress and rest GSPECT MPI study (t:-1. 179 to 1.554,P＞0.05 forall). Conclusion The standard FBP reconstruction method is accurate enough for the measurement of LV dyssynchrony indices using the widely used clinical software SyncTool.

The traditional Chinese medicine of Radix Hedysari plays an important role in invigorating gas for as-cending, benefiting blood for promoting production of fluid, and promoting circulation for removing obstruction in collaterals, which is consistent with the principle of treatment for osteoporosis. This study is designed to investigate the bioactive components on increasing peak bone mass (PBM) by exploring the spectrum-effect relationship between chromatography fingerprints and effect. Multiple indicators are selected to evaluate the pharmacological activity. In fingerprints, 21 common peaks are obtained, five of which are identified. Furthermore, gray relational analysis (GRA) is a quantitative method of gray system theory and is used to describe the correlation degree of common peaks and pharmacological activities with relational value. 21 components are then divided into three different regions, of which ononin and calycosin play an extremely significant role in increasing PBM. In addition, factor analysis and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) are used to screen the optimal producing area for Radix Hedysari. This provides a comprehensive and efficient method to improve the quality evaluation of Radix Hedysari, confirming the bioactive components for PBM-enhancement and further develop its medicinal value.