Aim To investigate the effects of maternal chronic aluminum exposure on memorial behaviour and hippocampal intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i)on their offspring after the induction of LTP(long-term potentiation). Methods Adult Wistar rats (150~200 g) were exposed to aluminum by drinking distilled water, the concentration of AlCl3 is 0.015 mol?L-1(2 g?L-1) and 0.03 mol?L-1(4 g?L-1) aluminum chloride (AlCl3) solution, respectively, for 30 days prior to mating and during the whole gestation and suckling period. Their offspring were distributed into three experimental groups: control group; two exposed groups (represented by 0.2%-Al and 0.4%-Al ) administrated aluminum exposure ended at postnatal day 21. The brain tissue and blood aluminum levels were measured by Atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS). Memorial ability of the offspring was tested by Step down test.[Ca2+]i was measured by the technique of Fura-2/AM calcium ions fluorescence indicator. Results The mean aluminum content in blood and brain tissue was significantly higher than the control group(P0.05), but was significantly decreased in 0.4%-Al exposed group(P

Objective:To study the pharmacokinetics,thissue distribution and secretion of nerve growth factor(NGF)in mice.Methods:The conecntration of NGF in various body fluids and tissue were determined by isotope tracer combined SDSPAGE method.Results:The plasma concenmtration-time curve was in accordance with the two-compartment pharmacokinetic model.The elimation half-life(t1/2β)was 3.1.The half-life of distribution(t1/2ka)was 5min.Tpeak was 25 min.AUC was 72.4 mg·kg-1·h-1.The concentrations of NGF were high in thyroid,blood,submaxillary glands,superior cervical ganglion,adrenasl and kidneys.Conclusion:NGF has a wide distribution,high tissue concentrationa nd excrtet mainly through the urine.

Objective To evaluate the value of using a linear stapler device for the cloure of the pharynx during total laryngectomy.Methods Sixteen total laryngectomies were performed between August 2010 and December 2011,during the operation,the TA 60 linear stapler was used for pharyngeal closure.Among these patients,two patients had the history of pre-operative radiotherapy,four patients recurred after radiotherapy,ten patients were treated for the first time.100 ml methylene blue was injected into the newly closed laryngopharyngeal cavity through the nasopharyngeal breather pipe for checking up whether it was watertight or not.Results Amnong the sixteen patients,methylene blue leakage from the mucosal joint of the gular cavity closed by the stapler were not found in fifteen patients,it was only found in one patient.The transudatory places were sutured with absorbable Vicryl sutures. This patient healed well without pharyngocutaneous fistula.Negative surgical margins were achieved in all patients.No patient needed to be tranfered to open surgery.Using a linear stapler device in total laryngectomy,45 minutes could be saved as compaired to manual suture. One patient developed a light pharyngocutaneous fistula.The incidence of pharyngocutaneous fistula was 6.25％ (1/16). Conclusions This stapled closed technique for pharyngoplasty is efficient,eliminates the risk of wound contamination,saves operation time and decreases the incidence of pharyngocutaneous fistula.This technique can be recommended as alternative for repairing the pharynx in patients undergoing total laryngectomy.

This paper presents a remote controlled multimode micro-stimulator based on the chip nRF24E1, which consists mainly of a micro-control unit (MCU) and a radio frequency (RF) transceiver. This micro-stimulator is very compact (18 mmx28 mm two layer printed circuit board) and light (5 g without battery), and can be carried on the back of a small animal to generate electrical stimuli according to the commands sent from a PC 10 meters away. The performance and effectiveness of the micro-stimulator were validated by in vitro experiments on the sciatic nerve (SN) of the frog, where action potentials (APs) as well as artifacts were observed when the SN was stimulated by the micro-stimulator. It was also shown by in vivo behavioral experiments on operant conditioned reflexes in rats which can be trained to obey auditory instruction cues by turning right or left to receive electrical stimulation ('virtual' reward) of the medial forebrain bundle (MFB) in a maze. The correct response for the rats to obey the instructions increased by three times and reached 93.5% in an average of 5 d. This micro-stimulator can not only be used for training small animals to become an 'animal robot', but also provide a new platform for behavioral and neurophysiological experiments.
Acoustic Stimulation ; Animals ; Behavior Control ; methods ; Conditioning, Operant ; physiology ; Electric Stimulation ; instrumentation ; Equipment Design ; Male ; Medial Forebrain Bundle ; physiology ; Movement ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Remote Sensing Technology ; Robotics

Objective To explore the clinical characteristics and treatment strategy of chronic low-er limb arterial ischemic. Methods The clinical data of 60 patients with chronic lower limb arterial ische-mic-treated from January 2017 to May 2017 were analyzed retrospectively (63 affected limbs). According to the patient's physical condition, clinical symptoms and pathological features, individualized surgical treat-ment was selected, including autogenous great saphenous vein or artificial blood vessel bypass grafting, ar-tery intima stripped, balloon dilatation, stenting, intracavity volume reduction, or hybrid procedures. The ankle brachial index of preoperative and postoperative 3 months was monitored, and patients were classified according to the Rutherford classification standard. Results Sixty cases were underwent surgery treatment, three patients were treated with bilateral lower limbs in the same period, successfully 58 cases and success rate reached 96. 67％. One case was subjected to amputation, and 1 case died (cardiovascular disease). Postoperative 3 month follow-up, the Rutherford grading of 59 affected limbs was improved markedly, aver-age ankle brachial index of postoperative was higher than preoperative ( P<0. 05 ) . Six cases of patients with ulcer were cured, the ulcer surface of 2 cases were significantly narrowed. Conclusions The inci-dence of chronic lower limb arterial ischemic is increasing year by year, the treatment ideas are constantly updated. It is safe and effective to select individualized treatment according to the patients' physical condi-tion, clinical symptoms and pathological feature. However it still needs to enlarge the sample and extend the time of follow-up to verify this point.

We detected Zika virus (ZIKV) in a febrile case returning from Suriname and entry China from Guangzhou Baiyun International Airport Port.Serum and saliva samples were collected from a suspected case returning from Suriname.We detected ZIKV RNA using real-time fluorescence RT-PCR methods by both in-house reagent and commercial detection kits.RT-PCR detection was carried out with saliva sample and sequence analysis was performed.Phylogenetic tree was constructed to analyze the source of imported cases.Real-time fluorescent RT-PCR result showed that saliva was detected ZIKV RNA positive while for serum was weakly positive.A specific 1 500 bp fragment in size was amplified with saliva sample by RT-PCR.Sequence analysis showed 99％ homologous to the corresponding sequence of Brazil ZIKV (GenBank No.KX197250).Phylogenetic tree indicated it was located on African lineage.According to the epidemiological investigation results,clinical manifestations and nucleic acid detection of case,the suspected case was confirmed to infect Zika virus,being the first case from Suriname into Guangdong Province.

Objective: To evaluate the tolerance and safety of a human-mouse chimeric anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody IBI301 in Chinese patients achieved objective response with CD20(+) B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). Methods: Nine patients with CD20(+) B-cell NHL received dose-escalating IBI301 infusions (250 mg/m(2), n=3; 375 mg/m(2), n=3; 500 mg/m(2), n=3, respectively). The data of all patients were collected for safety analyses. The median exposures of 125 mg/m(2), 375 mg/m(2), 500 mg/m(2) dose groups were 243, 690 and 980 mg, respectively. Safety and tolerability were evaluated by monitoring adverse events (AE). The ratios of CD19(+), CD20(+) B cells and the levels IgG and IgM were detected to evaluate the pharmacodynamics. Results: Totally 52 events of AE were observed, including 18 events of AE in 125 mg/m(2) group, 14 events of AE in 375 mg/m(2) group and 20 events of AE in 500 mg/m(2) group, respectively. There were 26 adverse reactions of 52 cases of AE, 22 reactions were judged to be probably related to IBI301, and 4 reactions were not probably related to IBI301, all disappeared or returned to baseline levels. Common AE in this study included decreased WBC, upper respiratory infection, decreased neutrophil count, dyspepsia, hyperuricemia, paresthesia, oral mucositis and dizziness. No patients quitted or trial discontinued. No severe AE (SAE) were reported. No dose-limiting toxicity (DLT) events were observed in the study. The ratio of CD20(+) and CD19(+) B cells decreased in all subjects. There was no significant changes of the levels of IgG and IgM. Conclusions: The single dose of IBI301 injection was well tolerated, and the AE occurred in the patients recovered. No SAE were reported, No DLT events were observed in the study. The IBI301 caused an elimination of the peripheral CD20-expressing B cells in all patients. Clinical trial registration: Chinadrugtrials, CTR20140762.
Adult ; Animals ; Antibodies, Monoclonal ; Antigens, CD20 ; Antineoplastic Agents ; Child ; Humans ; Lymphoma, B-Cell ; Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin/drug therapy* ; Mice ; Rituximab

BACKGROUND: The pathogenesis of pediatric femoral head necrosis is associated with cartilage injury of the hip joint induced by stress and inflammation. OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs)/biphasic calcium phosphate ceramics (B-CPC) on cartilage repair in juvenile rats. METHODS: Thirty male Sprague-Dawley rats, aged 1 week, were randomized into three groups. No intervention was done in blank group. A juvenile rat model of articular cartilage injury was made using improved Hulth's method in control and observational groups, followed by implantation of BMSCs/hydroxyapatite and BMSCs/B-CPC,respectively. Four weeks later, the rat articular cartilage was observed pathologically, and MTT and flow cytometry were employed to detect chondrocyte proliferation and apoptosis, respectively. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The articular cartilage of the rats in the blank group was smooth and complete. In the control group, articular cartilage damage was obvious, presenting with rupture, defect and irregularity of the articular cartilage surface, as well as unclear four-layer structure of the cartilage. In the observational group, articular cartilage injury was repaired to some extent. At the same observation time, the cell viability was significantly increased in the observational group compared with the control group (all P < 0.05), and the proportion of apoptotic cells was significantly decreased (all P < 0.05). To conclude, BMSCs/B-CPC composite can promote the cartilage repair in juvenile rats.

OBJECTIVEThis study was designed to explore the optimal management option for cervical metastases in tongue squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) with clinically N0 neck in order to avoid excessive or inadequate treatment in clinical practice.

METHODSClinical data of 327 cases of tongue SCC with cN0 neck were retrospectively analyzed. Neck control rates affected by different pathoclinical parameters were compared. Prognosis analysis and death analysis were also performed.

RESULTSOverall 3-year survival was 69.7% (228/327), 3-year survival of neck recurrent group and non-recurrent group was 39.1% (25/64) and 77.2% (203/263), and 51.5% (51/99) of the death related to neck failure. Overall neck control rate was 80.4% (263/327); neck control rate of wait and watch group, level I neck dissection, level I + II neck dissection, supraomohyoid neck dissection, radical neck dissection, functional neck dissection, was 67.5% (27/40), 72.7% (24/33), 60.0% (15/25), 84.9% (45/55), 86.8% (131/151), 84.0% (21/25), respectively. Treatment modality and cervical lymph node involvement were independent factors for neck control.

CONCLUSIONSNeck control is a key for prognosis of tongue SCC with cN0 neck. Supraomohyoid neck dissection is the first choice in management of cervical metastases in tongue SCC with cN0 neck, during which the suspected involved lymph nodes should be sent for frozen section to determine whether comprehensive neck dissection required. Multimodal metastasis and/or capsular spread are the indications for postoperative irradiation.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; diagnosis ; pathology ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neck Dissection ; methods ; Neoplasm Staging ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Tongue Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; pathology ; surgery

Objective To explore the clinical effect of gamma knife treatment in intractable epilepsy patients with delayed radiation-induced cerebral edema and/or necrosis.Methods The clinical feature,EEG,MRI and treatment modality data of 20 patients,admitted to our hospital from 1995 to 2008 and treated with gamma knife,were analyzed retrospectively.In all these patients,14 received conventional medical treatment and 6 adopted surgical removals of necrosis and epileptic focus resulting from the formation of necrotizing lesion,the apparent mass effect and aggravated seizures after conservative treatment.Results Except 1 patient died of cerebral hernia after giving up surgical treatment,all the other patients achieved good results in controlling the epilepsy and headache.Five in the medical group and 2 in the surgical group still needed anti-epileptic drugs.Two patients presented epilepsy of new type because of brain necrosis after radiation therapy and followed EEG demonstrated that radiation-induced delayed cerebral edema and/or necrosis could lead to new epileptogenie focus.Conclusions Radiation-induced cerebral edema and/or necrosis is a common complication in patients with epilepsy after gamma knife treatment which is unpredicted or repeated,thus early diagnosis and treatment are extremely important.Most patients can be cured with such drugs as corticosteroid combined with mannitol or Chinese herbal medicine.However,surgical treatment is needed in controlling the seizures and improving the symptoms once the cystic necrosis lesion,apparent mass effect and new epileptogenic focus appear.