Objective To explore the efficacy of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) for rheumatoid arthritis (RA).Methods The literature about HRT in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis were searched.Eleven papers were subjected to a Meta-analysis and a heterogeneity test was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of HRT.Results HRT reduced the level of erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) in RA patients (P=0.016),the SMD was-0.22(-0.40,-0.04); improved bone mineral density (BMD) in RA patients (P=0.022),the WMD was 2.83(0.41,5.26); decreased clinical parameters for disease activity evaluations of RA patients (P=0.048),the SMD was-0.19 (-0.38,0.00); decreased the level of C-reactive protein (CRP) in RA patients,the SMD was-0.08 (-0.37,0.21),but the difference was not statistically significant (P=0.591).Conclusion The findings from this Meta-analysis indicate that HRT can reduce the ESR level,improve clinical indexes and improve BMD level of RA patients.HRT may suppress disease activity and osteoporosis of RA patients,so it may be used as an auxiliary therapy in the treatment of RA.

A bacterial cell surface display technique based on an ice nucleation protein has been employed for the development of live vaccine against viral infection.Due to its ubiquitous ability to invade host cells,Salmonella typhimurium might be a good candidate for displaying viral antigens.We demonstrated the surface display of domain III of Japanese encephalitis virus E protein and the enhanced green fluorescent protein on S.typhimurium BRD509 using the ice nucleation protein.The effects of the motif in the ice nucleation protein on the effective display of integral protein were also investigated.The results showed that display motifs in the protein can target integral foreign protein on the surface of S.typhimurium BRD509.Moreover,recombinant strains with surface displayed viral proteins retained their invasiveness,suggesting that the recombinant S.typhimurium can be used as live vaccine vector for eliciting complete immunogenicity.The data may yield better understanding of the mechanism by which ice nucleation protein displays foreign proteins in the Salmonella strain.

In order to understand the students'knowledge mastery,assess teaching effects and improve the quality of teaching,this article analyzed the test papers of Neurology among the five-year program clinical medicine students of Grade 2006 in our College.The results indicated that the mean score of the exam was 87.29 with a standard deviation of 7.90.The distribution was negatively skewed.The degree of difficulty was 0.78 and the discrimination is 0.19.The reliability was 0.59.It demonstrated that the test papers had a good reliability,the design of the test papers was too easy and could not reasonablely discriminate the degree in evaluating the students'mastery of the course.Therefore,we shoud pay attention to appropriate difficulty and ensare quality in preparing test papers to scientifically evaluate teaching quality.

Objective To explore the correlation between illness conception, health seeking behavior and mental health status in recruits. Methods 865 recruits were evaluated by Symptom Checklist 90 (SCL-90), Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS) and Self-Rating Scale of Illness Conception and Health Seeking Behavior (SSICHSB) . Results (1) Except interpersonal sensitivity, depression and hostility, there were significantly differences in other factors of SCL-90 between recruit and the national norm. Somatization and anxiety scres were significantly higher ghan the military norm. The scores of SAS and SDS were significantly higher for recruits compared to national norm. (2) There was negative correlation between the total score, each factor score of SCL-90, the total score of SDS, the total score of SAS and SSICHSB; (3) Stepwise lines regression found three factors including anxiety, the total score of SAS and obsessiveness statistically significant, when the dependent variable was the total score of SSICHSB. Conclusion There are obvious somatization,anxiety and depression in recruits. The more obvious the symptoms are, the more passive the illness conception and health seeking behavior are.

Objective To study the expressions of the tumor suppressor gene TSH receptor( TSHR),P16, and RAS in papillary thyroid carcinoma ( PTC ) , and the correlation between the occurrence of tumor and the aberrant promoter hypermethylation of three tumor suppressor genes. Methods RT-PCR was used to detect the mRNA expression of three tumor suppressor genes in tissues of 50 cases of PTC ,20 cases of nodular goiter,and 12 cases of thyroid adenoma. The promoter methylation status of three tumor suppressor genes was examined by methylation-specific PCR technique( MSP). Gene sequencing was used to test if the hypermethylation existed in the promoter of three tumor suppressor genes. Results In 68.0% (34/50) TSHR gene, 54.0% (27/50) P16 gene, and 60.0% ( 30/50 ) RAS gene in PTCs, hypermethylation in promoter region was detected, the respective results 21.9% (7/32) , 15. 6% (5/32) ,and 31. 3% (10/32) were found in control tissues. The rates of the three genes with promoter hypermethylation in PTC were significantly higher than those in control tissues ( all P<0. 05). The mRNA expressions of TSHR,P16,and RAS were significantly lower in PTC than those in control tissues (0. 41 ± 0.11 vs 0.63±0. 08,0. 51±0. 17 vs 0. 72±0. 22,0. 56±0. 10 vs 0. 67±0. 16, all P<0. 05). The sequencing confirmed that there was CC to TC transmission in the promoters of three tumor suppressor genes. Conclusions The methylation of three tumor suppressor genes in promoter region is a common molecule event and may be involved in the genesis and development of human PTC.

Risk monitoring of new Chinese patent anti-hepatoma drugs is tracking recognized risks and residual risks, identifying emerging risk and ensure the implementation of the plan, estimating the process of reducing effectiveness. The paper is mainly through understanding the status of Chinese patent anti-hepatoma drugs, the content, characteristic and analysis method of dynamic risk monitoring, and then select the risk control indicators, collect risk information. Finally, puts forward the thought of anti-hepatoma drugs listed evaluation in our country, and try to establish the model of dynamic risk management of anti-hepatoma drugs.
Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic ; adverse effects ; economics ; therapeutic use ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; drug therapy ; Drug Discovery ; economics ; legislation & jurisprudence ; organization & administration ; Drug and Narcotic Control ; economics ; legislation & jurisprudence ; organization & administration ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; adverse effects ; economics ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; Product Surveillance, Postmarketing

Objective To analyze the security and effectiveness of the accurate resection and reconstruction of pelvic tumor with computer navigation and to evaluate the feasibility of pelvic ring structure and mechanics reconstruction using finite element analysis.Methors From December 2008 to June 2010,tumor resections assisted by computer navigation technology and pelvic reconstructions with assembly prosthesis designed by finite element analysis were performed in 12 patients with internal hemi-pelvic malignant tumors.There were 8 male and 4 female patients,with the average age of 39.7 years(range,25-53).The malignant tumors involved chondrosarcoma(4 cases),osteosarcoma(2),Ewing sarcoma(2),malignant fibrohistiocytoma(1),and metastatic tumor(3,in which including renal cell carcinoma 1 case,thyroid carcinoma 1,and breast carcinoma 1).According to Enneking staging classification,there were 1 case in Ⅰ A,2 cases in ⅠB,2 cases in Ⅱ A.and 4 cases in Ⅱ B.The local recurrence of tumor and functional results were followed up postoperatively.Results There were no nerves,vessels and pelvic organs injuries intra-operatively.The postoperative X-rays showed that the excised regions were proper to the preoperative schedule and en bloc resections were performed in all patients.All assembly prostheses were in satisfactory position.and the screw fixation was accordance with the finite element biomechanical analysis.All the cases were followed up for average 18.2 months (range,8-26).There were 1 case with local recurrence and pulmonary metastasis,1 case with deep infection,and 1 case with deep vein thrombosis.No prosthesis dislocation,loosening,breaking,and limb length discrepancy occurred in all patients.The average MSTS93 functional score was 70%in all patients at 6 months,and 68 % in 6 patients at 20 months follow.up.Conclusion The resection and reconstruction of pelvic tumor assisted by computer navigation is a safe and effective procedure.The finite element analysis can provide accurate biomechanical guidance to the reconstruction of pelvic ring.

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics,treatment and prognosis of hepatoblastoma (HB) patients with the central nervous system (CNS) metastasis.Methods The clinical data of 12 patients with CNS metastasis who were admitted to Beijing Tongren Hospital,Capital Medical University from January 2011 to June 2016 were retrospectively analyzed.The clinical features,treatment and prognosis of HB patients with CNS metastasis were summarized.Results (1) Clinical features:all 12 patients were diagnosed as stage-Ⅳ patients according to postoperative Children's Oncology Group (COG) stage system.The primary positions of extrahepatic metastatic characteristics were as follows:lung metastasis in 12 cases,bone metastasis in 3 cases,and adrenal metastasis in 2 cases,right atrial metastasis in 1 case,and abdominal lymph node metastasis in 1 case.Fetal and epithelial mixed type was the most common type in pathologic Pathologic classification of HB (50％,6/12 cases).CNS metastasis was detected in all 12 cases during the course of treatment.Brain metastasis were found in 11 cases of CNS imaging features,and 1 case had spinal metastatic tumors.(2) The treatment for CNS metastasis:all cases were given chemotherapy-based comprehensive treatment after being diagnosed as CNS metastasis of HB.Ten cases of CNS metastasis were treated by maintenance chemotherapy and 2 cases received chemotherapy plus intracranial tumor resection.(3) The prognosis of HB with CNS metastasis:the follow-up time was from 7 months to 54 months in 12 HB cases with CNS metastasis,and the median follow-up time was 20 months.The survival time of HB was 1-15 months,and the median survival time was 3.5 months after the diagnosis of CNS metastasis.Two cases of CNS metastasis were given intracranial tumor resection and chemotherapy and were followed up to June 2016,and survival time was 15 months and 5 months respectively.The survival time of other 10 cases without intracranial surgery was 1-6 months,and the median survival time was 3 months.By drawing survival function curve and applying Log-Rank test for CNS transfer children,the survival time of patients given intracranial tumor resection and chemotherapy was longer than those without surgery (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions The occurrence of CNS metastasis occurred in HB patients in phase-Ⅳ patients with pulmonary metastasis.The most common site of CNS metastasis is brain metastasis,which is hematogenous metastatic pathway,and 1 case of spinal cord metastasis was considered as the local invasion and metastasis.For HB cases with CNS metastasis,the survival time is short and the prognosis is poor,but the survival time might be prolonged for the phase-Ⅳ patients with intracranial tumor resection.

Objective To investigate the effects of sevoflurane post-conditioning on oxidative stress and inflammatory reaction during rat cerebral ischemia-reperfusion, and to explore its cerebral protective mechanism.Methods Thirty-six health male Sprague-Dawley rats (aged 12-14 weeks, weighing 220-260 g) were randomly divided into 3 groups (n=12 each): sham control group (group Sham), cerebral ischemia-reperfusion group (group IR), sevoflurane post-conditioning group (group SPC).Cerebral ischemia-reperfusion model was established, ischemia for 30 min followed by reperfusion 24 h.Rat middle cerebral artery was not occluded in group Sham.Cerebral ischemia-reperfusion model was established in group IR.Group SPC was subjected to 2.6% sevoflurane for 15 min in the beginning of reperfusion.At the end of reperfusion, rats were cut off the head to take out the brain tissue.The expression level of Iba-1 and HO-1 proteins was measured by western blot.The levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA), TNF-α, IL-1β and the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) were evaluated.Results Compared with group Sham, the expression of cerebral cortex Iba-1 protein was higher than that in groups IR and SPC (P＜0.05), the expression of Iba-1 protein in group SPC was lower than that in group IR (P＜0.05).Compared with group Sham, the contents of ROS, MDA, TNF-α and IL-1β were increased in groups IR and SPC (P＜0.05), but the activity of SOD and expression of HO-1 protein were decreased (P＜0.05).And the contents of ROS, MDA, TNF-α and IL-1β in group SPC were less than those in group IR, the activity of SOD and expression of HO-1 protein in group SPC were higher than those in group IR.Conclusion Sevoflurane post-conditioning can mitigate the microglia activation, reduce cerebral oxidative stress and inflammation, thus protect rat cerebral against ischemia reperfusion injury.

Objective To systematically review the effectiveness and safety of statins for chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (COPD) combining with pulmonary hypertension (PH).Methods The electronic searches in databases of PubMed,EMbase,the Cochrane Library,Web of Science,CBM,CNKI,VIP and Wanfang Data were conducted from the date of their establishment to January 2016 and the references of the include studies were also retrieved for collecting randomized controlled trials (RCTs) or quasi-RCTs on statins treating COPD combining with PH.Two researchers independenlty screened the literature according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria,extracted the data,assessed the quality of the included studies by adopting the Cochrane collaboration' s tool for assessing risk of bias,and performed Meta-analysis by using RevMan 5.3 software.Results A total of 24 studies involving 1 587 cases were included.The results of Meta-analysis showed that:compared with the control group,simvastatin significantly improved FEV1 [MD =0.23,95％ CI:0.16-0.31,P ＜ 0.000 01],FEV1 ％ [MD =6.73,95％ CI:1.34-12.12,P =0.01],FVC [MD =0.39,95％ CI:0.34-0.45,P ＜ 0.000 01],6 minutes walk distance (6MWD)· [MD=59.09,95％CI:54.24-63.93,P ＜0.000 01] and decreased mPAP [MD=6.73,95％ CI:1.34-12.12,P =0.01],SPAP [MD =-4.53,95 ％ CI =-8.87--0.19,P =0.04].Atorvastatin significantly improved FEV1 [MD =6.22,95 ％ CI:2.51-9.93,P =0.001] and 6 MWD [MD =24.10,95 ％ CI:12.98-35.23,P ＜ 0.000 1] and decreased sPAP [MD =-6.44,95％CI:-7.95--4.93,P＜0.00001] andmPAP [MD=-3.51,95％CI:-5.81--1.22,P=0.003].But no significant difference was found in the improvement of FEV1,FVC or FEV1/FVC.Fluvastatin significantly decreased sPAP [MD=-5.89,95％ CI:-6.99--4.79,P ＜0.000 01].There was a significant decrease in the Borg dyspnoea score in statins group [MD =-3.37,95％ CI:-4.61--2.14,P ＜ 0.000 01] as compared with the controls.In addition,the incidence of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) was similar between statins and the control group.Conclusion Current evidence suggests that statins may decrease pulmonary hypertension in patients with COPD combining with PH.However,high-quality clinical trials with large sample size are needed to verify whether the improvement of pulmonary function,6MWD and Borg dyspnoea score are the class effect or the incidence of ADRs is disparate among different statins.