Objective To study the complications and prevention methods for the different anterior locking cervical plate systems. Methods One hundred and sixty-seven patients with the cervical spondylotic myelopathy, fracture-dislocations or tumor of the cervical spine were treated using AO, Orion, and SpineTech anterior locking cervical plate systems. The complications related to the different plate systems were observed. Results The complications related to the anterior cervical plate occurred in 19 patients which included protrusion of the fixation screws into disc space,migration of the screws and plate and esophagus fistulae. Most of the complications were caused by improperly technological performance. Conclusion It is important to have correct patient selection and follow the technical principles of the different anterior locking cervical plate systems for the prevention of the complications.

Aim To investigate the effect of acteoside on the changes of immune function and aging process in SAMP8 mice via detecting the proportion of immune cells and the changes of immune factors. Methods Sixty male healthy SAMP8 mice and twelve SAMR1 mice were randomly divided into six groups. They were administered by gavage once a day for 90 days. Aging scoring test was conducted regularly. The immune cells and immune factors in plasma and liver were detected. Results Compared with model group, acteoside could increase CD4+lymphocytes in SAMP8 mice and effectively inhibit the increase of CD8+lymphocytes; it played a greater role in spleen than in peripheral blood. At the same time, Thl/Th2 was significantly reduced in model group, and the ratio of Thl/Th2 factor increased in low and medium dose group. Conclusions Acteoside can increase the number of helper lymphocytes, effectively inhibit the increase of killer lymphocytes, and regulate the dynamic balance of Th1 and Th2 type immune inflammatory factors in SAMP8 mice, so as to improve the immune function of the body and delay the aging process of the body.

Objective To explore the clinical application of laparoscopic splenectomy in treatment of spleen disease at our hospital.Methods We reviewed laparoscopic splenectomy carried out at our hospital since 1995,patients were grouped by date.63 laparoscopic splenectomies were divided into six groups.Operation time,intraoperative blood loss,postoperative hospital stay,time to feeding,days of drainage,amount of drainage,postoperative complications and indications for surgery were compared.Results Patient's age averaged at 44.19 years,body mass index averaged at 23.75,3 patients were converted to open surgery.Mean operating time,blood loss,postoperative hospital stay,time to feeding,converting rate in the 53 cases which had the surgery after 2003 were much better than the 10 cases before 2003.Surgical indications for laparoscopic splenectomy were limited to hematopoietic disease related splemegaly before 2003,the indication range significantly expanded after 2003,during which laparoscopic splenectomy were mainly applied to treat spleen tumors.Conclusions There is a marked learning curve in laparoscopic splenectomy after 10 surgeries before 2003 we have achieved the level.With the suitable approach,apparatus and skillful technique,laparoscopic splenectomy is safe and feasible to treat tumors of the spleen.

AIM: To investigate the ethanolic and aqueous extracts from Sancao prescription (Spica prunellae, Oldenlandia diffuse (willd) Roxb, Herba agrimoniae) on the proliferation of human lung adenocarcinoma cell line (A549). METHODS: 95% ,60% and 30% ethanolic extract and aqueous extract were prepared from Sancao pre-scription. The MTT assay was used to determine the inhibitory action against the proliferation of A549. RESULTS: IC_(50) of 60% ethanolic extract over A549 was one of the lowest in extracts. Combination of 60% and 90% ethanolic extract showed the synergistic antitumour activity. CONCLUSION: Ethanolic extract of Sancao prescription has and effect on human hung adenocarcinoma(A549).

Background and purpose:Lung cancer is currently the greatest threat to human life and health of the malignant tumor, clinical examination revealed a solitary pulmonary nodules (SPN), including a signiifcant portion of early stage lung cancer. The research aimed to discuss the diagnosis value of CT guidance Hookwire positioning thoracoscopic surgery for solitary pulmonary nodule. Methods:From Jul. 2011 to Jun. 2013, 310 SPN patients in the Department of Thoracic Surgery of Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center were collected. Hookwire positioning pins were retained guided by CT scan into the patients’ body. Video assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) pulmonary wedge resection was adopted. According to the result of intraoperative frozen pathology, further treatment method was decided. Positioning accuracy, complications, VATS lung wedge resection surgery successful rate, transfer rate in the chest and SPN pathological classiifcation and other indicators were calculated with statistical methods. Results:Hookwire positioning successful rate was 100%, meanwhile, 2 patients with hemoptysis received symptomatic treatment.Intraoperative Hookwire fell off in 12 patients (3.87%), VATS wedge resection surgery successful rate was 99%, transit thoracotomy was carried out in 3 patients. SPN postoperative histological pathology results:237 cases with primary lung cancer, 73 cases with benign lesions. Conclusion:The method of CT guided Hookwire thoracoscopic surgery after positioning in treatment of SPN has higher diagnostic accuracy rate, reliable curative effect, fewer complications and great value in clinical promotion.

Objective To obtain the specific antigens of the expressed major capsid proteins from Noroviruses with different sub-genotypes in Beijing area. Methods The full-length genes of the major capsid proteins (VP1)were obtained through the amplification of the VP1 encoding gene in the recombinant plasmids pBST-CR2987(G Ⅱ-3)and pBST-CR2932(GⅡ-4),which represented different Norovirus geno-types. The full-length genes were sub-cloned into the expression vector pET-30a(+),resulting in a recombinant plasmid, with which the BL21 competent cells were transformed, and the expression of the gene was induced by adding IPTG to the growth culture. The expression of the major capsid proteins were analyzed with Coomassie blue staining after SDS-PAGE, and assayed by Western blot with serum from human. Results (1)The major capsid protein genes of CR2987 and CR2932 were sub-cloned into expression vector pET-30a(+). The VP1 encoding genes were 1647 bp in length for CR2987 and 1623 bp for CR2932. The open reading frames(ORF)coded for 549 and 541 amino acids for these two proteins, respectively. (2)The expressed VP1s were present primarily as inclusion bodies,and the maximal amount of the expressed proteins occurred at 4-6 h after IPTG induction.(3)These VP1s could be recognized by specific immune serum against VP1 of Norovirus as well as His-tag antibody. Conclusion The VP1s of CR2987 and CR2932 are expressed in BL21 E.coli cells.The expressed VP1s could react with specific immune serum against VP1 of Norovirus, indicating that the expressed VP1s are of antigenicity.

BACKGROUND: Experimental proof for the efficacy, safety, and immunological assessment is needed when minocycline is used for root canal disinfection.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of minocycline for root canal disinfection on levels of interleukin-17 in apical exudates of periapical periodontitis and periapical exudate volume.METHODS: Sixteen patients with acute periapical periodontitis (16 teeth) scheduled for root canal therapy were enrolled and randomly divided into calcium hydroxide and minocycline groups, respectively, followed by root canal disinfection.One week after disinfection, periapical index, periapical exudate volume and interleukin-17 level were detected prior to the root canal filling. Another 16 patients with normal pulp vitality (16 teeth) scheduled for single root canal filling were enrolled as control group, in which periapical index, periapical exudate volume and interleukin-17 level were detected.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The periapical exudate volume and interleukin-17 level in the calcium hydroxide and minocycline groups were significantly higher than those in the control group (P < 0.05). The periapical index and interleukin-17 level in the calcium hydroxide and minocycline groups were decreased significantly at 1 week after root canal disinfection (P < 0.05), while there was no difference between these two experimental groups in the periapical index, periapical exudate volume and interleukin-17 level. To conclude, the use of minocycline significantly reduces interleukin-17 level and periapical exudate volume, and thus achieves effective outcomes in periapical disease.

Objective To explore the efficiency of endoscopic septoplasty with submucous resection for the treatment of 220 patients with deviated nasal septum and report our experience in this field. Methods From May 2006 to May 2010, 220 patients with deviated nasal septum were treated by endoscopic septoplasty with submucous resection to decompress the stress points, resect the deviated parts and implant the reshaped bone of nasal septum, while retaining the normal structure of nasal septum with minimally invasive technique. Results Satisfactory effects were achieved in all the 220 patients, showing centered septal structure and disappeared symptoms such as nasal obstruction, headache and nasal hemorrhage, but no complications including perforation of nasal septum, depressed nasal bridge and septal chalasia and flaring. Conclusion Rhino-endoscopic septoplasty with submucous resection can substantially retain the original structure of nasal septum and thus is proven to be a desirable operation with multiple advantages including minimal invasiveness, quicker healing and fewer complications.

Objective To investigate the effects of hydrogen rich water on the expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and oxidative stress in rats with traumatic brain injury (TBI).Methods Ninety healthy male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into sham operation group, TBI group and hydrogen rich water treatment group (HW group), with 30 rats in each group.TBI model was reproduced by the modified Feeney weight dropping method.The skulls of rats in sham operation group underwent only craniotomy without direct hit.The rats in HW group received brain injury by hitting after craniotomy, followed by injection of hydrogen rich water (5 mL/kg) intraperitoneally once a day for 5 days after successful reproduction of the model.The rats in sham operation group and TBI group were given an equal amount of normal saline in same manner.Six rats from each group were sacrificed at 6, 12, 24, 48 hours and 5 days after evaluating neurological severity scores (NSS).The brain tissue in injured ipsilateral cortex was harvested.The activity of catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and content of malondialdehyde (MDA) were determined by spectrophotometry.The expressions of mRNA and nucleoprotein of Nrf2 were determined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and Western Blot.The pathological changes were observed with microscopy after hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining.Results ① NSS score:compared with TBI group, NSS in HW group at 12, 24, 48 hours and 5 days were significantly decreased (12 hours: 9.83±2.32 vs.13.17±2.71, 24 hours: 9.83±2.79 vs.13.50±2.43, 48 hours: 7.50±2.07 vs.11.83±2.14, 5 days:5.50 ± 1.87 vs.10.50 ± 2.43, all P ＜ 0.05).② Compared with sham operation group, the activity of GSH-Px and CAT in TBI group were markedly declined after operation, while the MDA content was elevated significantly, especially at 24 hours [CAT (kU/g): 1.080±0.312 vs.3.571 ±0.758, GSH-Px (kU/g): 9.195±3.173 vs.32.385± 10.619, MDA (μmol/g): 12.282±2.896 vs.4.349± 1.511, all P ＜ 0.01].Compared with TBI group, the parameters in HW group were improved, and they were similar as sham operation group.③ RT-qPCR: no significant difference was found in the expression of Nrf2 mRNA at each time point in three groups.④ Western Blot: the expression of Nrf2 nucleoprotein (gray value) in TBI group was apparently higher than that in sham operation group, and peaked at 24 hours (0.703 ± 0.262 vs.0.238 ± 0.120, P ＜ 0.05), and the expression in HW group was obviously higher than that in TBI group, especially at 24 hours (1.110 ± 0.372 vs.0.703 ± 0.262, P ＜ 0.05).⑤ HE staining: the brain structure in sham operation group was found to be intact.However, there were different degrees of pathological changes at each time in TBI group, especially at 24 hours.The pathological damage of brain tissue in HW group was significantly milder.Conclusions Hydrogen rich water can up-regulate the expression of Nrf2, and reduce oxidative damage of traumatic brain injury in rats.Nrf2 can up-regulate the expression of its downstream antioxidant enzymes, which may be the mechanism of the upregulation expression of Nrf2 in the study.

Objective To optimize the processing technology of sliced Myristicae Semen. Methods Roasting temperature, roasting time and the amount of bran were set as factors, and the content of total lignans, volatile oil, fatty oil were set as evaluation indicators. The processing technology of sliced Myristicae Semen was optimized by L9(34) orthogonal test. Results The optimal processing technology was as following: 40 g bran plus 100 g sliced Myristicae Semen, roasting for 20 minutes at 110-120 ℃. Conclusion The process is reasonable and reliable, which can provide references for new processing technology of Myristicae Semen.