The primary problems in preventive medicine teaching in clinical medicine are analyzed,and some countermeasures are proposed,including understanding the important strategic status of preventive medicine,strengthening teachers construction and im- proving teaching ways so as to promote teaching effect of preventive medicine.

Objective:To establish the methods for the determination of Mg,Al,K,Ca,Cr,Cu,Zn,As,Se,Ag,Cd,Sn,Ba,Pb,Na and Hg in water for injection. Methods:The sixteen metallic elements in water for injection were determined by ICP-MS. The collision cell technology ( CCT) was used to minimize the multiple atomic interference, and the matrix effect and signal drift were compensated by using Li, Sc, Ge, In, Ir and Bi as the internal standards and the samples were directly acidified to detect the metallic elements. Results:The detection limit range of the 16 metallic elements were from 0. 009 to 0. 165 ng·ml-1. The calibration curves showed good linearity (r≥0. 999 0). The recoveries were within the range of 80%-120%(n=6). Conclusion:The method is simple, rapid and accurate. It can be used to determine the contents of metallic elements to reduce the potential exceeding limit risk of toxic metal el-ements in water for injection. The methods also can provide reference for the more strict quality evaluation of water for injection.

Objective:To establish the drug release determination conditions and method for phencynonate hydrochloride extended release tablets. Methods:The drug release of the tablets was determined by HPLC using a Diamonsil C18 (250 mm × 4. 6 mm, 5 μm) column with the mobile phase of acetonitrile-water-phosphoric acid-triethylamine (270∶400∶1. 3∶2), the detection wavelength was 220 nm, the flow rate was 1. 0 ml·min-1 , the column temperature was 30 ℃ and the injection volume was 20 μl. The effects of different release apparatus, release media and rotation speeds on the release of phencynonate hydrochloride extended-release tablets were studied as well. Results:The established drug release determination method had a good linear relationship within the range of 0. 3-5. 0 μg· ml-1(r=0. 999 8), and the average recovery was 100. 6%(RSD=1. 16%, n=15). Under the conditions of 900ml pH 3. 0 phos-phate buffer solution as the release medium, rotation speed of 50 r·min-1 and the settlement basket as the apparatus, the release be-havior of the product was complied with a zero-level model in vitro, and the release equation was as follows:Q=6. 141 2t-9. 328 7(r=0. 996). Conclusion:The method is simple, accurate and reliable, and suitable for the quality control of phencynonate hydrochlo-ride extended-release tablets.

Objective:To observe the related factors of depression in patients with lacunar cerebral infarction with mild cognitive impairment.Methods:From 2016 to 2019, 114 patients with mild cognitive impairment of lacunar cerebral infarction in Kailuan General Hospital were selected as the research objects.MRI brain scan was completed within 72 hours after admission, and Zung′s self rating Depression Scale (SDS) was used to evaluate emotion within 1 week.According to the results of SDS, 69 patients with mild cognitive impairment and no depression of lacunar infarction were selected as the control group, and 45 patients with mild cognitive impairment and mild depression of lacunar infarction were selected as the case group.The general clinical data, the proportion of patients with lacunar infarction in different brain regions and cognitive function of the two groups were observed.Logistic regression method was used to analyze the risk factors of depression in patients with mild cognitive impairment of lacunar infarction, and the characteristics of clinical somatization symptoms were observed.Results:(1)There were 53 males (76.81%, 53/69) and 16 females (23.19%, 16/69) in the control group, 29 males (64.44%, 29/45) and 16 females (35.55%, 16/45) in the case group, and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant ( P=0.049). Hyperhomocysteinemia in the control group and the case group was 31.88% (22/69) and 53.33%(24/45), respectively, with statistically significant differences between the two groups ( P=0.003). (2) The incidence rates of lacunar infarction in basal ganglia and oval center was 80% (36/45) and 71.11% (32/45) in case group respectively, and 59.42% (41/69) and 18.84% (13/69) in control group respectively.The difference between two groups was statistically significant ( P values were 0.001 and <0.001), and there was no significant difference in infarct size in other regions ( P>0.05). (3) The rate of impaired attention and computing power in the case group was 88.89%(40/45), which was higher than that in the control group 78.26%(54/69), and the difference was statistically significant ( P=0.036). (4) Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that hyperhomocysteemia ( OR=2.659, 95% CI 1.041-6.793, P<0.05) and central oval infarction ( OR=10.332, 95% CI 4.069-26.235, P<0.01) were independent risk factors for mild cognitive dysfunction and depression in lacunar cerebral infarction.(5) The proportion of insomnia and tears with somatization symptoms in the case group was 35.56%(16/45) and 37.77%(17/45), respectively, which were higher than that in the control group 8.70%(6/69) and 2.90%(2/69), respectively, with statistically significant differences (all P<0.001). Conclusion:Hyperhomocysteinemia and hemioval central cerebral infarction are independent risk factors for depression in patients with lacunar cerebral infarction with mild cognitive dysfunction, accompanied by somatization symptoms of insomnia and tearing.

Adolescent ; Female ; Humans ; Leukemia ; etiology ; Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute ; complications ; Male ; Young Adult

A new risk analysis method based upon reliability theory was introduced in this paper for the quality risk management of Chinese medicine injection manufacturing plants. The risk events including both cause and effect ones were derived in the framework as nodes with a Bayesian network analysis approach. It thus transforms the risk analysis results from failure mode and effect analysis (FMEA) into a Bayesian network platform. With its structure and parameters determined, the network can be used to evaluate the system reliability quantitatively with probabilistic analytical appraoches. Using network analysis tools such as GeNie and AgenaRisk, we are able to find the nodes that are most critical to influence the system reliability. The importance of each node to the system can be quantitatively evaluated by calculating the effect of the node on the overall risk, and minimization plan can be determined accordingly to reduce their influences and improve the system reliability. Using the Shengmai injection manufacturing plant of SZYY Ltd as a user case, we analyzed the quality risk with both static FMEA analysis and dynamic Bayesian Network analysis. The potential risk factors for the quality of Shengmai injection manufacturing were identified with the network analysis platform. Quality assurance actions were further defined to reduce the risk and improve the product quality.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; standards ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; standards ; Quality Control ; Reproducibility of Results ; Risk Assessment

Huge amount of data becomes available from the pharmaceutical manufacturing process with wide application of in- dustrial automatic control technology in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) industry. The industrial big data thus provides golden op- portunities to better understand the manufacturing process and improve the process performance. Therefore it is important to implement data integration and management systems in TCM plants to easily collect, integrate, store, analyze, communicate and visulize the data with high efficiency. It could break the data island and discover useful information and knowledge to improve the manufacturing process performance. The key supporting technologies for TCM manufacturing and industrial big data management were introduced in this paper, with a specific focus on data mining and visualization technologies. Using historic data collected from a manufacturing plant of Shengmai injection of SZYY group, we illustrated the usefulness and discussed future prospects of data mining and visualization technologies.
Cluster Analysis ; Computer Graphics ; Data Mining ; methods ; Manufactured Materials ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods ; Quality Control

Autophagy is a cellular normal reaction to cope with the changes in internal and external environmental pressure, and a degradation process of the material composition. Recent studies have shown that autophagy is closely related to the growth and physiological and pathological events of podocytes in kidneys and it is a potential target for the treatment of diabetic nephropathy (DN) and a self-protection mechanism. Rregulation of autophagy can affect some signaling pathways in the development of DN. Thus, we summarize the pathogenesis of DN, the role of autophagy in the intrinsic kidney cells, and the effect of autophagy on some signaling pathways in the development of DN in this review.

Objective To study the effects of environmental exposure to rare earth elements REEs on intelligence of children. Methods Intelligence quotient IQ were examined with Drawing a Man Test in 464 children aged 7-10 years living in RE ore containing area and the control area in Xunwu country Jiangxi province China. Fifteen kinds of REEs in 112 blood samples 69 samples from RE ore area and 43 samples from the control area  were detected by inductively coupled plasma source mass spectrometry ICP-MS. Results All 15 kinds of REEs were detected in each sample the content of blood REEs of the children in the rare earth area 2.18?1.08 ng/g was 1.73 times of that of the children in the control area 1.26?0.35 ng/g the difference was significant P

ObjectiveFollow-up of the clinical outcome of prosthetic disc nucleus replacement on patients with lumbar intervertebral disc herniation. Methods16 patients with lumar intervertebral disc herniation were implanted prosthetic disc nucleus from June to August 2003, including 10 males and 6 females. The operation levels were at L4-5 in 10 patients and L5～S1 in 6 patients. All patients were followed up from 28 to 32 months (averaged 30 months). The contents include pain, physical examination, Short-form of McGill Pain Questionnaire investigation, Visual Analogue Scales(VAS) and Present Pain Intensity(PPI), X-ray and MRI examination, etc. ResultsAfter surgery, 16 patients experienced clinical symptom relief, the displacement of PDN in 1 case and dislocation in 1case, the height of intervertebral space becoming narrower in 5 cases and endplate subsiding in 1 case. ConclusionProsthetic disc nucleus replacement acquired satisfactory after operation, but some complication may occurre in long-term.