Objective To evaluate the effect of various sampling errors on ELISA test results. Methods Standard sample volume,standard sample volume reducing 1,2,3,4 μL or adding 1, 2,3 μL were respectively pipetted into the wells of a microplate,follwed by routine operation of ELISA test. Then the influence of various sampling errors was analyzed on ELISA test results of HBsAg, HCV and TP. Results S/CO value was increased with the increase of sample volume. The statistical difference of mean S/CO value of HBsAg and TP was only found between sample volume adding 3 μL group and control group(P<0.05). For HCV result, there were significant differences between standard sample volume adding 2,3μL or reducing 3,4μL groups and control group(P<0.05), while no obvious differences were found in the other groups(P>0.05). The difference of mean positive rate between ex-perimental groups and control group showed an increasing tendency with the reduction of sample vol-ume,and significant differences in HBsAg, HCV and TP results were also found between sample vol-ume increase groups and reduction groups(P<0.05). Conclusion Various sampling errors influence ELISA test results to different degrees,and the extent increases with the reduction of standard sample volume.

Objective To investigate the alternation of left ventricular systolic function in patients underwent transcatheter aortic valve implantation operation(TAVI) by three-dimensional speckle tracking technology (3D-STI).Methods Totally 20 patients with severe aortic stenosis were enrolled.All the subjects underwent successful TAVI operation.The real-time 3D full volume datasets on apical four-chamber view were acquired on before,7 days and 1 month after TAVI.Left ventricular global longitudinal strain(GLS),regional peak systolic longitudinal strain(LS),regional peak systolic circumferential strain(CS) and regional peak systolic radial strain(RS),were analysed using off-line TomTec software,the differences among the three groups were compared.Results Compared with the preoperation,aortic valve blood flow velocity (AV),mean aortic valve pressure gradient(mPAG) of 7 days after operation decreased significantly.Threedimensional left ventricular ejecation fraction(3D-LVEF) among the patients whose 3D-LVEF under 50％had a remarkable increase and whose 3D-LVEF exceed 50％ before operation had no significant change,while 1 month after operation the 3D-LVEF had a significant improvement compared with the preoperational data regardless of 3D-LVEF under 50％ or not.The GLS and LS of all segments of 7 days after TAVI were higher than pre-operation(all P ＜0.05),and it had a further improvement 1 month after TAVI.Conclusions LV systolic function had improvement early after TAVI.3D-STI is a new,convenient way to detect the global and regional left ventricular systolic function of TAVI patients.

OBJECTIVE: Observing the anatomic variation and measuring the bone volume of meatus and nasal cavity by analyzing the expression of paranasal sinus CT. Searching whether these variation and volume data are related to maxillary fungal ball. METHOD: Measuring the double side bone volume of middle meatus,nasal cavity and the rate of middle meatus volume in the same side of nasal cavity respectively in the normal group, the maxillary fungal ball group. Observing the anatomic variation and statistically evaluating the anatomic variation and volume of nasal cavity and nasal meatus. RESULT: In the maxillary fungal ball group, the affected side and the contralateral side volume of middle meatus,nasal cavity and the rate of middle meatus volume in the nasal cavity had no statistical difference (P>0.05); Comparing the middle meatus volume and the rate of middle meatus of the maxillary fungus ball group affected side and normal group,there was statistical difference (P<0. 05). In the maxillary fungal ball group and the normal group, the morbidity of deviation septum were 24. 24% and 33. 33%, the morbidity of OMC variation were 30. 3% and 26. 67% (P<0.05), the morbidity of nasal anatomic variation were 54. 55% and 60.00%, there was no statistical difference (P>0.05). CONCLUSION Maybe there is a correlation between the enlarged bone middle meatus and the maxillary fungal ball. There is no relationship between the nasal anatomic variation and the maxillary fungal ball.
Humans ; Mycoses ; etiology ; Nasal Cavity ; anatomy & histology ; microbiology ; Nasal Septum ; Paranasal Sinuses

Objective To extract principal components from valuable indicators on conventional ultrasoundand contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) in the differential diagnosis of thyroid benign and malignant lesions and to discuss the diagnostic value of each indicator.Methods One hundred and three patients with 125 thyroid lesions (65 malignant lesions and 60 benign lesions) underwent preoperative grayscale ultrasound (GSUS),color Doppler ultrasound (CDUS) and CEUS examinations.Eighteen indicators were chosen to evaluate every lesion and principal components were extracted by principal component and valuable indicators were ordered by importance.Results There were significant differences on GSUS and CEUS indicators between benign and malignant lesions.The first principal component was the representation of contrast enhanced ultrasound and was valuable in the differential diagnosis of thyroid benign and malignant lesions.The rank of valuable CEUS indicators were homogeneity of enhancement,filling defect,relative arrival time of periphery,peak interior echogenicity,relative arrival time of interior,peak peripheral echogenicity and ring enhancement.Conclusions GSUS and CEUS are valuable in the differential diagnosis of thyroid benign and malignant lesions.

Objective To study the the feasibility of real-time 3D transesophageal echocardiography (RT-3D TEE) in measuring the distance between the coronary artery ostia and the aortic annulus.Methods RT-3D TEE image of aortic root was collected intraoperatively in 18 cases who were refered to our center for transcatheter aortic valve implantation.The aortic annulus was reconstructed and the height of the annulus (H) was generated.Meanwhile RT-3D TEE and MDCT was used to determine the left coronary artery ostia-aortic annulus distance (E-LAA,C-LAA) and the right coronary artery ostia-aortic annulus distance (E-RAA,C-RAA).Results The display rate of right coronary artery was 94.4％ (17/18),with the left coronary artery 88.9％ (16/18) on the RT-3D TEE imaging.The height of the annulus(H) was lower than the distance between the coronary artery ostia and the aortic annulus(P ＜0.05).No statistically significant differences was found in the parameters of the distance between the coronary artery ostia and the aortic annulus between RT-3D TEE and MDCT (P ＞0.05).Conclusions RT-3D TEE imaging can display and measure the distance between the coronary artery ostia and the aortic annulus.

Objective To construct prokaryotic expression vector carrying jc virus(JCV)t-antigen gene,express and purify this fusion protein.Methods The JCV t-antigen gene from a cerebrospinal fluid sample was amplified using polymerase chain reaction(PCR)method.After sequencing.the gene was cloned into plasmid pET32a(+)to construct recombinant prokaryotic expression vector pET32a(+)-t.The t-antigen fusion protein was expressed by isopropy-~D-thiogalactoside(IPTG)induction and prepared in large scale,then purified by Ni+affinity column chromatography.The polyclonal antibody was obtained from the BAI.B/C mouse immunity by the purified protein.Results The relative molecular nlass of recombinant protein expressed by pET32a(+)-t was about 41 000.Sodium dodeeylsulfate-polyaerylamide gel electrophoresis(SDS-PAGE)showed that the fusion protein W&S highly expressed after 3.5～20.Oh of IPTG induction.The antigenicity of the purified protein Was well confirmed by Western blot.The anti-mousepolyclonal antibody was obtained successfully from immunized BALB/c mice.Conclusions The prokaryotic expression vector pET32a(+)-t is successful constructed and the fusion protein is expressed and purified.Furthermore,the antibody of JCV small envelop protein t is successfully prepared.This work provides vMuable information for further study on epidemiology and biological function of t antigen.

Objective To study the feasibility and accuracy of real-time three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography (RT 3D-TEE) in measuring the aortic annulus dimension(AAD),and compared with CT measurements.Methods The AAD was measured by transthoracic echocardiography (TTE),transesophageal echocardiography(TEE) and RT 3D-TEE in 26 cases who were refered to our center for transcatheter aortic valve implantation(TAVI).Cross-sectional RT 3D-TEE can offer the AAD derived from the aortic annulus area,the maximal AAD,the minimal AAD and the eccentric index(the maximal AAD/the minimal AAD).The echo dimensions were compared with the CT measurements.Results No statistically significant differences were found between RT 3D-TEE and CT,and they have the best correlation(r =0.92,P ＜ 0.05).Meanwhile,There was no statistically significant difference in the eccentric index of the AAD between RT 3D-TEE and CT(1.25± 0.12 vs 1.28± 0.13,P ＞0.05).Conclusions RT-3D TEE imaging not only measure the AAD accurately,but also provide the maximal AAD,minimal AAD and the eccentric index for TAVI.

Objective To discuss the preliminary experience of transcatheter aortic valve implatantion in patients with severe aortic valve stenosis. Methods The baseline characteristics, hemodynamic changes and clinical outcomes of the patients received TAVI in our institution were analyzed. Results A total of 36 patients underwent TAVI between April 2012 and March 2014. The mean age was (73.4±8.7) years and 24 (66.7%) of them were men. The mean logistic EuroSCORE was (20.6±9.9)%. 25(70%) patients had bicuspid aortic valves. TAVI was successful in 35 patients (97.2%) and valve-in-valve implantation was required in 4 (11.1%) of them. After the procedure, the mean aortic-valve gradient reduced to (10.5±5.7) mmHg. In 2 patients (5.6%), there was marginal moderate periprosthetic leak. At 30 days, the survival rate was 97.2%. Two patients (5.6%) developed who later showed fuel recovery, without significant sequela. Permanent pacemakers were implanted in 10 patients (27.8%) due to the onset of third-degree atrioventricular block after TAVI. To date, the median follow-up duration has exceeded 323 days. 2 patients died of cancer on 374 days and 680 days after TAVI, respectively. Conclusions TAVI is feasible, safe and effective in treating severe stenosis of bicuspid as well as tricuspid aortic valve in selected Chinese patients unsuitable for surgery.

ObjectiveTo investigate the diagnostic value of color Doppler ultrasound for peripheral intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC).MethodsNinety- five patients with ICC which were confirmed histopathologically were retrospectively studied.The features on color Doppler ultrasound were analyzed.ResultsThere were 102 tumors which ranged from 20 mm× 20 mm to 130 mm× 100 mm in size.On gray-scale ultrasonic imaging,a large proportion of the tumors presented with inhomogeneous echo (n=75,73.5％), indefinite boundaries (n =70, 68.6％),and irregular shape (n=55,53.9％).On color Doppler ultrasonic imaging,most tumors had flow signals (75,73.5％) mainly in the shape of areatus,short- line and color-dot.Most flow signals had a resistant index greater than 0.6.Of the 102 tumors,thirty-seven (36.3％) were observed to produce streak hyperecho,twentynine (28.4％) slight attenuation in the rear and 22 (21.6％) unbilical depression.The coincidence rate with ultrasound was 84.2％(80/95). ConclusionsThe features of peripheral intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma on color Doppler ultrasound are characteristic.To be able to appreciate these features is helpful to improve on the accuracy rate of ultrasound.

Objective: To investigate the role of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) in supporting hematopoiesis and the expansion of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells in vitro. Methods: According to the fact that HUVEC supernatant has colony stimulating activity shown by methylcellulose colony-forming assay and HUVEC can maintain the survival of mononuclear cells for at least four weeks in vitro, CD34+ cells from umbilical cord blood were seeded with (HUVEC group) or without (control group) HUVEC monolayer. Every week cells were collected and counted, the frequency of CFU-GM was measured by using methylcellulose colony-forming assay, and the percentage of CD34+ and CD41a+ cells was measured by flow cytometry. Results: In control group，all the CD34+ cells died in two weeks. However, in HUVEC group,most nucleated cells and CD34+ cells were expanded by 68.1±14.8 fold and 6.6±1.4 fold，respectively at the third week while CFU-GM expansion reached its peak (5.7±2.1 fold) at the week 2. Moreover, the percentage of CD41a+ cells was enhanced significantly, reaching a maximum (15.6%) at the week 3. Conclusions:HUVEC can support hematopoiesis in vitro and expand the hematopoietic progenitor cells and CD41a+ cells in direct contact coculture.