Objective To investigate the correlation between specific features on contrast-enhanced CT and its clinical findings of adrenal tuberculosis so as to improve the diagnostic accuracy of the disease. Methods Contrast-enhanced CT features in 30 patients with documented adrenal tuberculosis were retrospectively evaluated blindly for the features of location,size,morphology,attenuation and enhancement patterns on CT images,and compared with clinical and pathological materials.Results The common CT manifestations were as follows:enlargement of the adrenal glands in all 30 cases(bilateral 90%,mfilateral 10%)including mass-like enlargement in 13 cases and enlargement but the contours preserved in 17 cases, heterogeneity(28 cases,93.3%),calcification(17 cases,56.7%),and low attenuation in the center with peripheral enhancement(16 cases,53.3%)of the lesions.After antituberculosis chemotherapy, 5 cases of enlarged adrenal glands decreased in size or returned to normal size and configuration,with disappearance of the central low attenuation and new appearance of dot-like calcification in 2 cases.Cochran Armitage trend test showed there was an increasing tendency of calcification rate with clinical duration(X~2= 7.47,P

To explore the feasibility of chemical and biological method in evaluation of the in vitro dissolution rate of Liuwei Wuling tablet (LWT), this experiment investigated the inhibitory effect of LWT dissolving solutions on LX-2 hepatic stellate cells in 0.1% SDS dissolution medium in different dissolving periods. From these results, the cumulative dissolution rate of LWT was obtained based on the cell inhibitory rate. The dissolution rates of deoxyschizandrin, phillyrin, and Specnuezhenide were determined by HPLC method. A novel approach of self-defined weighting coefficient had been created to establish the integrated dissolution rate model. Then f2 similar factor method was used to evaluate the relevance of these two methods. The results showed that f2 values for deoxyschizandrin, phillyrin, Specnuezhenide, and the integrated dissolution were 61, 43, 61 and 75 respectively, indicating that the dissolution of multi-component integration could fully reflect the biological potency of the whole recipe. The dissolution evaluation method for multicomponent integration based on biological activity is expected to be one of the effective means for in vitro dissolution test of LWT.
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Kinetics ; Quality Control ; Solubility ; Tablets ; chemistry

To study the influence of stir-baked with sand on active ingredients, diarrhea and hepatoprotection of Herpetospermum caudigerum, the contents of herperione and herpetin in H. caudigerum before and after stir-baking with sand were analyzed by HPLC. The effect of stir-baked with sand on diarrhea of H. caudigerum TL was evaluated using the mean stool rate (MSR) and mean diarrheal index ( MDI) and the influence of stir-baked with sand on hepatoprotective effect of H. caudigerum TL was examined using a mouse model of CCl4-induced liver injury based on the analysis of serum ALT and AST activities. The results of HPLC analysis showed the content of herperione in H. caudigerum after stir-baking with sand decreased by 40.9% (P < 0.01) and the content of herpetin had no change. Pharmacodynamic results showed that the MSR and MDI of high-dose and middle-dose group of H. caudigerum TL after stir-baking with sand were significantly lower than that of high-dose and middle-dose group of H. caudigerum TL without stir-baking with sand; The high-dose and middle-dose of H. caudigerum TL with/without stir-baking with sand significantly alleviated liver injury as indicated by the decreased levels of serum ALT and AST, but the ALT and AST levels of high-dose and middle-dose group of H. caudigerum TL after stir-baking with sand were higher than that of H. caudigerum TL without stir-baking with sand. The results revealed that the stir-baking with sand could effectively relieve diarrhea effect of H. caudigerum TL, while it also reduces the hepatoprotection of H. caudigerum TL.
Animals ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Cooking ; Cucurbitaceae ; chemistry ; Diarrhea ; chemically induced ; Female ; Liver ; drug effects ; Male ; Mice ; Protective Agents ; pharmacology

OBJECTIVETo observe the effect and safety of plastering Chinese Compound Shenhuang Ointment (CSO) at Shenque (RN8) in promoting the rehabilitation of postoperative gastrointestinal dysfunction patients of qi stagnation blood stasis syndrome (QSBSS).

METHODSA prospective, multi-centered, randomized, double-blinded, controlled trial was conducted in 220 postoperative gastrointestinal dysfunction patients of QSBSS. They were randomly assigned to two groups, the CSO group (110 cases) and the placebo group (110 cases). CSO was plastered at Shenque (RN8) for 5 days after operation. The time of exhaustion, defecation, the recovery of intestinal peristalsis, integrals of TCM syndrome, and serum levels of motilin (MOT)and somatostatin (SS) were observed.

RESULTSCompared with the placebo group, the condition of exhaustion and defecation, the recovery of intestinal peristalsis on the 3rd day after operation was all improved (P < 0.05). The integrals of TCM syndrome at day 2, 3, and 4 were more significantly lowered in the CSO group than in the placebo group (P < 0.01, P < 0.05). The total effective rate of TCM syndrome was 95.3% in the CSO group, better than that in the placebo group (91.8%, P < 0.05). Compared with the placebo group, the serum MOT level increased and the serum SS level decreased at day 5 after operation in the CSO group (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSThe plastering of CSO at Shenque (RN8) could advance the time of exhaustion and defecation, and improve patients' clinical symptoms. And patients could tolerate well.

Aged ; Double-Blind Method ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Gastrointestinal Diseases ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Male ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Middle Aged ; Ointments ; Postoperative Period ; Prospective Studies

To investigate the absorption kinetics of Cu B-SDC/PLC-MMs in rat different intestinal segments and compared with the absorption of Cu B suspension. The in vitro everted gut sacs model was established to study the absorption characteristics of Cu B-SDC/ PLC-MMs in rat duodenum, jejunum, ileum and colon, and the content of cucurbitacin B was detected by HPLC method, and the effects of concentrations on intestinal absorption were evaluated as well. The results showed that the absorption of Cu B-SDC/PLC-MMs was linearity at different intestine segment and different concentrations (R2 > 0.9), which was consistent with zero order rate process. The Ka of different intestine segments showed a concentration-dependent increasing along with the raised concentration of Cu B-SDC/ PLC-MMs, indicating that it was likely to be a mechanism of passive absorption. The best absorption site of Cu B-SDC/PLC-MMs was ileum, and its absorptions in different intestinal segments were superior to cucurbitacin B suspension. SDC/PLC-MMs could significantly enhance the intestinal absorption of cucurbitacin B, and the study of intestinal absorption kinetics of Cu B-SDC/PLC-MMs had gave a support to its further reasonable solidfication.
Animals ; Deoxycholic Acid ; administration & dosage ; Female ; Intestinal Absorption ; Kinetics ; Male ; Micelles ; Nanoparticles ; Phospholipids ; administration & dosage ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Triterpenes ; administration & dosage ; pharmacokinetics

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of sunitinib as post-operative adjuvant therapy in patients with high-risk renal cell carcinoma (RCC).Methods A total of 60 patients with resected,histologically confirmed clear cell RCC were enrolled in this study.Patients received orally sunitinib either at a dose of 50 mg on treatment schedule (once daily for 4 weeks followed by 2 weeks off) or at a dose of 37.5 mg once daily for three 6-week cycles from 1 month after surgery.Results All the 60 patients tolerated Sunitinib treatment well and no patient discontinued treatment due to adverse events.Most adverse events were grade Ⅰ to Ⅱ.The most frequently reported adverse events were neutropenia (56.7％),thrombocytopenia (53.3％),leucopenia (48.3％),hand-foot syndrome (46.7％) and hypertension (36.7％).The most frequently reported grade 3 or 4 toxicities were thrombocytopenia (25.0％),neutropenia (15.0％),hand-foot syndrome (11.7％) and leucopenia (8.3％).The majority of adverse events occurred within the first 1-2 cycles of sunitinib treatment,and was ameliorated 1 month after 3 cycles finished.No irreversible adverse event was observed.As of April 5,2012,no recurrence occurred in patients except one death due to cerebrovascular accident unrelated to treatment,with both 6-month and 9-month disease-free survival rate of 100％.Conclusions Myelosuppression occurred less frequently in high-risk RCC patients treated with sunitinib as operative adjuvant therapy than in advanced RCC patients,with a better benefit trend.However,long-term follow-up data are needed to further confirm the efficacy of sunitinib in the adjuvant setting.

Banana bunchy top virus (BBTV) is the pathogen of banana bunchy top disease (BBTD); it seriously disserves the banana production. This paper reviewed the separation and purification methods, classifying and taxonomy status of BBTV; the genome structure and function of each encode protein of the virus; and the present problems that should be further clarified.

We report here on a 64-year-old woman with extramedullary plasmacytoma involving the bilateral adrenal glands. Primary adrenal extramedullary plasmacytoma is extremely rare and only three cases of extramedullary plasmacytoma in the unilateral adrenal gland have currently been reported on. This case is of interest in that the bilateral adrenals were involved. In this article, we present the MRI findings and we briefly review the relevant literature.
Adrenal Gland Neoplasms/*diagnosis/surgery ; Back Pain/etiology ; Female ; Humans ; Kidney/pathology ; *Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; Plasmacytoma/*diagnosis/surgery ; Vena Cava, Inferior/pathology

OBJECTIVETo explore the prognostic impact of bone marrow involvement (BMI) and therapy in diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL).

METHODSThe clinical characteristics and prognosis of 83 DLBCL patients with or without BMI were retrospectively analyzed. The treatment outcome of standard CHOP regimen (CHOP group), intensive-dose regimen (intensive-dose group) and rituximab combined therapy (rituximab group) were compared.

RESULTSThe adverse prognostic factors including LDH elevation, ECOG score > or =2, higher IPI and aaIPI score, B symptom, hepatomegaly, splenomegaly, hemoglobin <110 g/L, platelet <100 x 10(9)/L and serum albumin <35 g/L were more prevalent in DLBCL patients with BMI than in those without BMI. Multivariate analysis showed that BMI was an independent prognostic factor of DLBCL. The 3-year OS and PFS rates in rituximab group were 78.1% and 64.3%, respectively, being statistically higher than that in CHOP group (23.6% and 21.8% respectively, P = 0.000 for both) and in intensive-dose group (33.3% and 25.7% respectively, P = 0.002 and 0.001, respectively). But no difference between the latter two groups (P = 0.411 and 0.694, respectively). For the patients with BMI, the 3-years OS and PFS in rituximab group (57.1% and 57.1%) were statistically higher than that in CHOP group (13.9% and 14.1%) and intensive-dose group (29.5% and 16.8%) (P = 0.029 and 0.012 respectively), respectively and also no difference in the latter two groups (P = 0.226 and 0.376 respectively). In the rituximab group, the 3-years OS and PFS were 86.7% and 67.3% respectively in patients without BMI, being higher than that in patients with BMI (57.1% and 57.1%), but the difference was not statistically significant (P = 0.645 and 0.965 respectively).

CONCLUSIONBMI is a negative independent prognostic factors of DLBCL patients. The rituximab combined chemotherapy can significantly improve the therapeutic effect of the DLBCL, and relieve the negative impact of BMI.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived ; administration & dosage ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Bone Marrow ; pathology ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Cyclophosphamide ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Doxorubicin ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; Prednisone ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Rituximab ; Treatment Outcome ; Vincristine ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Young Adult

BACKGROUNDDuloxetine is approved for the treatment of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) in the United States and elsewhere. This study aimed to assess the efficacy, tolerability, and safety of duloxetine in Chinese patients with GAD.

METHODSThis 9-site study consisted of double-blind treatment for 15 weeks either with duloxetine 60 - 120 mg or with placebo. Patients with at least moderately severe GAD and a Sheehan Disability Scale (SDS) global functioning impairment total score ≥ 12 were included in this study. Patients who were randomly assigned to duloxetine received 60 mg for 7 weeks; at that point, for nonresponders the dose was increased to 120 mg for the remaining 8 weeks. The primary efficacy measure was mean change from baseline to endpoint on the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale-Anxiety subscale score (HADS-A). Secondary efficacy measures included the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAMA), the SDS, and pain measures. Safety and tolerability were assessed.

RESULTSBaseline characteristics did not differ significantly between treatment groups. Mean age of the subjects (n = 210) was 37.6 years, 50.5% were female, and 74.3% completed the 15 weeks treatment. Patients treated with duloxetine had significantly greater improvement compared to placebo on the HADS-A (mean change -6.6 vs. -4.9, respectively, P = 0.022). Improvement in anxiety was greater with duloxetine treatment at 7 weeks and continued through 15 weeks for both the HADS-A and the HAMA total score (0.01 ≤ P < 0.05). Compared with placebo, duloxetine was also associated with greater improvement on most secondary measures, but not on the SDS global functioning score. Nausea, dizziness, and somnolence occurred significantly more frequently as treatment-emergent adverse events with duloxetine treatment compared with placebo treatment.

CONCLUSIONSDuloxetine 60 - 120 mg once daily is effective and well-tolerated for the treatment of patients with GAD in China.

Adult ; Antidepressive Agents ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Anxiety Disorders ; drug therapy ; Double-Blind Method ; Duloxetine Hydrochloride ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Thiophenes ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Treatment Outcome