Humans ; Organophosphorus Compounds ; analysis ; pharmacokinetics

A competency dictionary of advanced health informatization application persons was compiled by inter-viewing 20 health information persons with behavior events interview , their competency characteristics were coded By Nvivo, the coding frequency and characteristics score in good performance group and ordinary group were ana-lyzed by variance analysis, which showed 8 characteristics of key competency and 12 characteristics of basic compe-tency in advanced health information application persons.

Aim To investigate the effects of midazolam and penehyclidine hydrochloride on learning and memory function of mice.Methods According to stratified random block design,80 KM mice were divided into 4 groups:midazolam 1 mg?kg-1(group M,n=20),penehyclidine hydrochloride 0.2 mg?kg-1(group P,n=20),midazolam 1 mg?kg-1+penehyclidine hydrochloride 0.2 mg?kg-1(group M+P,n=20)and control group(group NS,n=20),and 20 mice in every group were divided randomly into exper-iments of testing memory acquisition(n=10)and memory consolidation(n=10)further.To evaluate the behavioral alteration with these agents,a step-through passive avoidance test was used.Mice were administrated agents before training section for testing memory acquisition,and administrated agents immediately after training section for testing memory consolidation.The step-through latencies and the number of errors on 1,2,3,4,5,6 and 7 day after the training were recorded.Results Midazolam impaired memory acquisition and consolidation when administrated alone or in combination with penehyclidine hydrochloride.Administration of midazolam combinated with penehyclidine hydrochloride did not worsen the effect on memory acquisition,but worsen the effect on memory consolidation obviously.Furthermore,administration of midazolam combinated with penehyclidine hydrochloride impaired memory function persisting longer than that of administration of midazolam alone.Conclusion Administration of midazolam and penehyclidine hydrochloride would result in inhibiting learning and memory function of mice.

Objective To investigate the long-term effects of midazolam and penehyclidine hydrochloride on learning and memory function of mice.Methods According stratified random block design ,80 KM mice were divided into 4 groups: midazolam 1mg/kg(group M,n=20), penehyclidine hydrochloride 0.2mg/kg(group P,n=20),midazolam 1mg/kg + penehyclidine hydrochloride 0.2mg/kg(group M+P,n=20) and control group(group NS,n=20);20 mice in each group were divided randomly into testing memory acquisition(n=10) and memory consolidation(n=10) further.For behavioral testing a step-through passive avoidance test was used,in order to evaluate the effects of the agents administruted on the memory acquisition before fraining and on the memory consolidafion immediately after fraining.The step-through latencies and the numbers of errors 1,2,3,4,5,6 and 7 day after the training were recorded.Results Administration of midazolam impaired memory acquisition and consolidation when administrated alone or in combination with penehyclidine hydrochloride, and this effect persisted for 3 days . Administration of midazolam combinated with penehyclidine hydrochloride did not worsen the effect on memory acquisition,but worsen the effect on memory consolidation obviously. Furthermore, administration of midazolam combinated with penehyclidine hydrochloride impaired memory function persisting longer than that of administration of midazolam alone.Conclusions Administration of midazolam and penehyclidine hydrochloride as premedication was advantageous for prevention of awareness during operation, nevertheless was attributed to one of the causations of POCD.

Objective To explore the pathological basis and clinical characteristics of children with congenital choledochal cyst(CCC) combined with liver damage.Methods According to the age,38 patients with CCC were divided into 2 groups:group A had 24 cases(ranged 6 months to 3 years old);group B had 14 cases(ranged 4 to 14 years old).A comparative analysis of them was conducted retrospectively in the clinical characteristics,hepatic pathological changes,perioperatively liver function and operation.Results Group A was obvious higher than group B in jaundice,white bole stool and abdominal mass,but group B was more in stomachache.Group A was obvious higher than group B in liver function lesion,alkaline phosphatase,bilirubin increase and blood coagulation disfunction(Pa

Child, Preschool ; Coronary Aneurysm ; etiology ; pathology ; Coronary Vessels ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome ; complications ; pathology

Fifteen patients with chronic renal failure(CRF)underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy(LC)at carbon dioxide(CO2)pneumoperitoneum pressure of 10-12 mm Hg(Group A,n=9)or 13-15 mm Hg(Group B,n=6).Renal function and urinary volume(UV)of Group A showed no remarkable change following the operation.But in Group B,the levels of blood urine nitrogen(BUN)and serum creatine(Scr)were increased significantly,and creatinine clearance rate(Ccr)and UV were remarkably decreased(P＜0.05).These variants gradually retumed tO the preoperative levels after 1 week.The analysis showed that laparoscopic choleeystectomy at CO2 pneumoperitoneum pressure of 10-12 mm Hg in CRF patients might be safe.Higher CO2 pneumoperitoneum pressure could result in reversible renal Email:yuanhuizhong2000@yahoo.com.cnfunction change.

Objective To evaluate perioperative fluid infusion strategies in retroperitoneal tumor patients.Method Data of 89 retroperitoneal tumor patients in Peking University People's Hospital and Peking University International Hospital were collected and devided into intraoperative minor haemorrhage group (761 ml) and massive haemorrhage group (4 813 ml),including postoperative fluid treatment,input and output volume,serum brain natriuretic peptide level and postoperation complications.Results Fluid input on the 1st day after operation,the 2nd day,the 3rd day respectively were (7 565 ±4 757),(3 869 ± 727),(3 289 ± 897),(3 096 ± 567) ml in the minor haemorrhage group,and (13 927 ± 5 612),(5 192 ± 1 274),(3 786 ± 1 137),(3 797 ± 719) ml in the massive haemorrhage group (t =-4.637,-3.117,-2.460,-2.982,P =0.04,0.048,0.36,0.038).BNP level respectively were (33 ±25),(82 ±66),(116 ± 54),(145 ± 75) ng/ml in the minor haemorrhage;respectively,(70 ± 65),(165 ± 153),(256 ± 220),(442 ± 412) ng/ml in the massive haemorrhage group (t =-4.637,-3.117,-2.460,-2.982,P =0.041,0.038,0.046,0.04).The accumulative percentage of negative fluid balance was 100％ in 3 days after operation.Acute kidney injury (AKI),cardiac,respiratory events,major intraabdominal complications deep venous thrombosis developed in minor and massive haemorrhage group were 4.7％,7.1％,4.7％,14.3％,9.5％ vs.25.1％,27.6％,46.8％,10.6％,17.0％ respectively (x2 =2.89,5.89,19.96,0.044,0.674,P=0.049,0.015,0.001,0.834,0.412).Conclusions Multiple goals directed fluid strategy leads to a better outcome by decreasing the AKI rate.BNP level could be used as a goal marker in fluid treatment.

Objective Implantable cardioverter defibrillator(ICD)can effectively treat lifethreatening ventricular arrhythmias.The most common side effect is inappropriate discharge.This study analyzes the incidence and causes of inappropriate discharges of ICD in our hospital.Methods Forty.threepatients implanted with ICD in our hospital from November 2001 to October 2007 were involved in our study.Patients were followed-up regularly.All episodes recorded and stored in the ICD were analyzed.Results Seven of the 43 patients underwent ninety-six inappropriate discharges.Inappropriate discharges in six patients were caused by supraventricular tachyarrhythmias(SVT).In one patient the discharge was caused by noise.Most inappropriate discharges occurred in the first year after implantation.The history of atrial fibrillation before implantation is an independent predictor of inappropriate discharges.Conclusions The incidence of inappropriate discharge is 16.3%in our study and the most common cause is SVT.Most inappropriate discharges occur in the first year after implantation.Patients with atrial fibrillation history have a higher risk of inappropriate discharges.

Objective To study the iodine nutritional status of population living in Tibetan pastoral areas,in order to provide a scientific basis for prevention and control of iodine deficiency disorders.Methods Drinking water samples were collected to test iodine content in agricultural town(Kajiaman) and pastoral area(Zuogaiduoma town) of Hezuo in Gannan Tibetan autonomous prefecture.Thirty of child-bearing age,pregnant and breastfeeding women were selected,respectively,and 90 male adults aged 20-50 from these families(1 from each family) and 90 children aged 8-10 (30 people in each age group) from local schools were randomly sampled at the same time,and urinary iodine (UI) was measured randomly.Edible salt and main food samples were collected to test iodine content from the 10 families of the three types of women,respectively,and they were asked to recall its family intake of food species in the past 24 h excluding spices.The water iodine was determined using arseniccerium redox method (GB/T 5750.1-2006) ; UI with ammonium persulfate digestion-arsenic cerium catalytic spectrophotometric method (WS/T 107-2006) ; salt iodine used direct determination method(GB/T 13025.7-1999); and food iodine with alkali the gray arsenic cerium contact colorimetry.All these work were done in May,2011.Results The average of water iodine was (1.63 ± 0.14)μg/L in agricultural areas and (2.08 ±1.90)μg/Lin pastoral areas of the 10 water samples tested,respectively.The median urinary iodine(MUI) among women of pregnant,lactating and child-bearing age,male adults and children was 141.99,126.65,253.33,258.07,191.0μg/L,respectively,in agricultural areas and 137.26,97.36,126.16,159.48,285.07 μg/L,respectively,in pastoral areas.The difference of MUI in lactating,male adults and children between pastoral and agricultural areas was statistically significant.The proportion of UI ＜ 50 μg/L was less than 20％,and ＜ 100 μg/L was less than 50％ among all population except lactating woman and pregnant women in pastoral areas.The iodized salt coverage rate was 100％(30/30) in agricultural areas and 90％(27/30) in pastoral areas,and the salt iodine was (32.1 ± 7.8)mg/kg in agricultural areas and (32.3 ± 6.0)mg/kg in pastoral areas,respectively.The food structure in agricultural areas was mainly potato,naked oat fruit,cabbage and so on,the average dietary iodine content was 285.7 μg/kg,and in pastoral areas was mainly chow mein,wheat flour,ghee,yogurt,barley and so on,the average dietary iodine content was 51.1 μg/kg.Conclusions There is no iodine deficiency in general in the population in Tibetan areas with low water iodine.However,iodine nutrition of pregnant women can not be guaranteed.It is recommended that classified guidance measures be taken to ensure the sustainable elimination of iodine deficiency disorders in the Tibetan minority areas.