Objective To study the bacteriostatic activity and stability of pine bark Oligomeric Proantho Cyanidins. Methods By the K-B disk diffusion method, spoilage bacteria as experiment strains, to study the inhibition effects of the pine bark Oligomeric Proantho Cyanidins and the antimicrobial stability under certain temperature, pH, and UV exposure time. Results Pine bark Oligomeric Proantho Cyanidins had significant inhibitory effect on Gram positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus Sukatilis), which had better inhibition effects in the media neutral, but temperature and UV had little influence on the antimicrobial effects. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of pine bark Oligomeric Proantho Cyanidins against Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus Sukatilis were 12.5 and 6.25 mg/mL, respective. However, on Gram negative bacteria(Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) there was no obvious inhibition effects. Conclusion The pine bark Oligomeric Proantho Cyanidins has significant inhibitory effect on Gram positive bacteria, the inhibitory effect is stronger in the range of pH 6-7 , and the temperature and UV had a little effect on its antibacterial action, which means that the antibacterial action of pine bark Oligomeric Proantho Cyanidins had good stability.

Objective: To understand the survival status and influencing factors of HIV/AIDS patients with highly active antiretroviral therapy ( HAART ) among drug users in Yili Prefecture, Xinjiang from 2005 to 2019, so as to provide references for reducing AIDS mortality. Methods : The demographic information, clinical stage, baseline CD4+T lymphocyte ( CD4 ) level and treatment status of HIV/AIDS patients with HAART in Yili Prefecture from 2005 to 2019 were collected through AIDS Antiretroviral Therapy Information System. The survival rate was calculated by the life table method. The influencing factors for survival time were analyzed by Cox proportional hazard regression model. Results: Totally 1 935 patients were recruited, the median age receiving HAART was 37 years old and the median CD4 counts was 293/μL. The cumulative survival rates at 1, 5, 7 and 10 years were 97%, 78%, 73%, and 66%, respectively. The multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analysis showed that the patients with body mass index of 18.5-<28.0 kg/m2 ( HR: 0.391-0.656, 95%CI: 0.234-0.958 ), baseline CD4>200/μL ( HR: 0.354-0.667, 95%CI: 0.232-0.841 ) , or missed medication in the last 7 days ( HR=0.009, 95%CI: 0.001-0.061 ) had lower risk of death; the patients with WHO clinical stage of Ⅱ-Ⅳ ( HR: 1.479-2.311, 95%CI: 1.004-3.288 ) or treatment delay ≥1 years ( HR: 1.287-1.388, 95%CI: 1.029-1.826 ) had higher risk of death. Conclusions The 5-year cumulative survival rate of HIV/AIDS patients with HAART in Yili Prefecture is 78%. Body mass index, baseline CD4 level, WHO clinical stage, treatment delay and missed medication in last 7 days were the influencing factors for survival time.

Phytoene synthase is a rate-limiting enzyme in the pathway of carotenoid biosynthesis.To aim at establishing a transformation of Ginseng callus cells, elevating the nutritive value through encouraging the composition of corresponding carotenoid,taking Ginseng callus cells as acceptor,psy gene were transformed into cells via Agrobacterium-mediated. The factors affecting genetict ransformation were also investigated seperately from concentrations of A.tumefaciens, age of Ginseng callus cells, infection time and co-culture time. PCR,PCR-Southern and RT-PCR analysis from the transferred gene plants proved that psy gene has been transferred into Ginseng callus cells and can be expressed. The content of ?-carotene was increased by an average of 26 times.A base of improving and raising the contents of carotenoid in the Ginseng callus cell was established.

Objective To summarize the clinical effect of Doty procedure on surgical treatment for patients with congenital supravalvular aortic stenosis (SVAS).Methods Between Jan.2009 and Jun.2013,12 cases of consecutive patients underwent surgical corrections of SVAS using Doty procedure.Among them,Williams' syndrome were present in 5 patients.Nine cases were male,and 3 cases were female.Mean age was(5.3 ±4.2) years(9 months to 12 years) and mean weight was (11.5 ± 5.3) kg (7.5-32.0 kg).Echocardiography and Computed Tomography confirmed the diagnosis.SVAS was discrete in 9 patients and diffuse in 3 patients.Mean peak preoperative gradient was 6.86-16.23 (11.07± 3.68) kPa,with 3 patients above 13.33 kPa.Bicuspid aortic valve was present in 2 patients,mild aortic valve stenosis in 1 patient,mild aortic regurgitation in 2 patients,1 patient with subaortic membrane,3 patients with stenosis of the left or the right pulmonary artery,1 patient with pulmonary valve stenosis,2 patients with PDA,moderate to severe mitral insufficiency in 1 patients.Surgery was performed using Doty procedure through median sternotomy with cardiopulmonary bypass.Results Mean time of cardiopulmonary bypass was (85 ± 26)min (68-129 min).Mean time of aortic clamp was (51 ± 16) min(43-68 min).There was no early death and low cardiac output syndrome.Mild ST segment change was present in 5 patients and occasional premature beat was in 3 patients.Ventilator was applied for 7 to 38 h and Cardiac Intensive Care Unit treatment was done for 1 to 4 d.The mean peak supravalvular gradient measured postoperatively was (2.18 ± 1.09) kPa.Follow-up data were available for 11 patients,ranged from 6 months to 3 years.The gradients across supravalvular were lower than 3.33 kPa,except for 2 patients with severe SVAS preoperatively.There was no late death,dizzy or palpitation during follow-up.Conclusion Doty produce for SVAS can get satisfactory clinical results.

Objective To investigate the effects of transplantation of allogenic adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) on bone metabolic markers and bone histomorphometry in ovariectomized (ovx) female rats.Methods Thirty female nonpregnant Wistar rats were randomly divided into two groups:the ovx group (n=20) and sham operated group (n=10).Three months after operation,two rats in each group were randomly sacrificed for ovariectomized osteoporosis model assessment.The serum levels of bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (BALP) and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRACP) were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).The pathological changes of femur were observed by HE staining.After animal model was developed,the rest of the rats in the ovx group were further subdivided into two groups:a control group and a treatment group.Each rat in the treatment group was treated with ADSCs via tail vein injection once a week,while each rat in the control group was injected with the same dose of saline.After eight weeks of treatment,the serum levels of BALP and TRACP were measured by ELISA.The expression of osteoprotegerin (OPG) and receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand (RANKL) in femur was detected by immunohistochemical staining technique.In addition,the pathological changes of bone were observed by HE staining.All data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and LSD-t test using SPSS 13.0 software.Results Compared with the sham operation group,the rats in the ovx group showed lower serum level of BALP and higher content of TRACP.Morphology analysis showed that the trabeculae were more narrow,broken more and less in number in the ovx group.In addition,the treatment group showed higher serum level of BALP [(49±7) mU/ml,(42±5) mU/ml,respectively] and lower TRACP [(31±5) μg/L,(37±5) μg/L,respectively] content than the control group (P＜0.05).Immunohistochemical staining demonstrated that the treatment group had higher OPG expression (0.011 3±0.001 6) in femur than the control group (0.007 7±0.001 5),however,no significant difference in RANKL protein expression level was detected.Moreover,treatment with ADSCs induced extensive new trabecular bone formation and reduced potential tissue damage in the trabecular bone when compared with the control group.Conclusion Transplantation of ADSCs via tail vein injection protects against ovariectomy induced bone changes in rat model.The results of this study suggests that this treatment may potentially be used in the treatment of osteoporosis.

Objective To explore the change of serum osteopontin levels in preoperative and postoperative patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and its clinic significance.Methods The levels of serum osteopontin were detected by ELISA.Results In 88 NSCLC patients,serum osteopontin levels were significantly higher than in benign pulmonary disease and healthy control group(P＜0.05.P＜0.01.respectively) There was no difference between benign pulmonary disease and healthy control group(P＞0.05).Serum osteopontin levels were related to clinical stage and lymph node metastasis,and the levels of serum osteopontin were lower in postoperative patients than in preoperative cases(P＜0.05).For NSCLC.the detection of osteopontin had a sensitivity of 84.1%,a specificity of 92.5%,and an accuracy of 88.1%. Conclusion Increased serum levels of osteopontin may be useful as a helpful clinical biomarker to diagnose earlier,predict prognosis and differentiate from benign pulmonary disease.

Objective To compare the X-ray features between Hirschsprung alied disease (HAD)and Hirschsprung disease ( HD), and analyze the differentiations. Methods From December 2004 to December 2009, nineteen cases of HAD, aged from 30 days to 10 years (median, 14 months), received barium enema examinations in our institution. Other 19 cases with HD, also received barium enema examinations, were chosen randomly. They were aged from 42 days to 8 years ( median, 8 months). The imaging features of HAD and HD were analyzed retrospectively. The incidence rate of colon stenosis,"truncation sign" and spasm notch and R/C ratio (the longest diameter of rectum/colon) were calculated and compared between these two groups. In all these cases, diagnosis was confirmed by postoperative histopathology. The position of barium retained was also evaluated. These parameters of both groups were compared by x2 and Fisher test. Results There was statistical significance in the incidence rate of colon stenosis between HAD (9/19) and HD (18/19) (x2 = 10.364, P ＜0.01). However, there was no statistical significance in "truncation sign" and spasm notch between HAD (4/19 and 3/19, respectively)and HD ( 1/19 and 1/19, respectively) (P ＞0. 05 for both). R/C ratio was 0. 42 ±0. 15 in HAD group and 0.29±0. 12 in HD group, and there was statistical significance between them (t =2.892,P＜0.01). In HAD group, barium retained in distal sigmoid colon in 1 case (1/19), in distal descending colon in 7 cases (7/19), in distal transverse colon in 1 case (1/19), in total colon in 6 cases (6/19); However, in HD group, barium retained in distal rectum in 3 cases (3/19), in distal sigmoid colon in 13 cases ( 13/19), in distal descending colon in 3 cases (3/19). Conclusions There were some differences in the imaging features between HAD and HD though they presented similar clinic experience. HAD cases presented a lower incidence rate of colon stenosis and a higher R/C ratio than HD cases. In HAD cases, the most common site of barium retained is distal descending colon, while in HD cases, it is distal sigmoid colon.

imaging features of myositis ossificans have some characteristics. Misdiaguosis could be avoided when the disease was evaluated with the course.

Objective To explore the protective effect and mechanism of gardenoside on the damage of dopaminergic neurons induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Methods Both neuron-enriched cultures and neuron-astrocyte cultures were pretreated with vehicle or gardenesides ( 10, 20 and 40 mg/L) for 30 min at 37℃. The culture media were subsequently renewed in order to remove gardenesides. LPS was then added into all culture media at a final concentration of 10 mg/L Twenty-four hours later, the culture media was collected to measure TNF-α, NO, IL-6, GDNF and MMP-9; the cells were collected to count the number of cells labeled with an antibody against tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and to assess the expression of TH mRNA using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Results Gardeneside didn't promote the survival of dopaminergic neurons in neuron-enriched culture, but significantly increased the survival of dopaminergic neurons in neuron-astrocyte culture, compared with the vehicle group, the survival of dopaminergic neurons increased from 203.0%±17.4% to 256.7%±15.2% ( F = 17.22, P = 0.001 ) in 40 mg/L gardenaside group. The amount of TNF-α, NO and GDNF released from the neuron-astrocyte cultures after 24 h of addition of LPS was not changed significantly, while the expression of IL-6 and MMP-9 was increased significantly. In this study, the gardenoside concentration-dependently attenuated the LPSinduced increase of the expression of IL-6 and MMP-9, compared with the vehicle group, the expression of IL-6 and MMP-9 decreased to 67.2%±6.4% (F= 12.89,P =0.001 ), 77.3%±9.8% (F =8.27,P = 0.001 ) respectively in 40 mg/L gardenoside group. Conclusions Astrocytes play a neuroprotective role on dopaminergic neurons, which is decreased by LPS via inducing the secretion of pro-inflammatory factors. Gardeneside may protect dopaminergic neurons from LPS-induced injury in an astrocyte-dependent manner and it inhibits the production of proinflammatory factors instead of promoting the secretion of GDNF. From the point of view that a very low toxicity of gardenesides has been well documented, this report may reveal a new way of developing therapeutic interventions for inflammation-related diseases such as Parkinson's disease.

Objective To compare the clinical outcomes of gefitinib and erlotinib treating non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC)with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)mutation in either exon 19 or 21 . Methods A total of 242 patients diagnosed as NSCLC with EGFR mutation in either exon 19 or 21 from May 201 3 to December 2014 in our hospital were chosen in this study.According to age,sex,smoking history,eastern cooperative oncology group performance status and types of EGFR mutation,all the patients were matched to 121 pairs,and randomly divided into group A and B.Patients in group A received gefitinib treatment,and those in group B received erlotinib treatment.Based on the response evaluation criteria in solid tumors (RECIST),overall response rate (ORR),disease control rate (DCR),progression-free survival (PFS)were assessed.To assess the independent risk factors for PFS by univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis.The subgroup analysis was performed for the 63 NSCLC patients using these two drugs as the first-line treatment.To evaluate the adverse drug reactions and quality of life between A and B groups.Results The median PFS of group A and B were 11 .6 months and 9.5 months,respectively,with no significant difference (HR =0.39,P >0.05).The ORR and DCR in the two groups were 76.9%,74.4% (χ2 =1 .03,P =0.58)and 90.1 %,86.8% (χ2 =1 .46,P =0.31 ). The independent risk factors of poor PFS were ECOG PS≥2 (HR =2.60,95%CI:1 .54 -4.43,P =0.001 )and non-adenocarcinoma (HR =3.61 ,95%CI:1 .54-8.66,P =0.003).For patients receiving these two drugs as the first-line treatment,there was no significant difference between two groups in overall response rates (76.6% vs. 90.2%,χ2 =0.83,P =0.12)and median PFS (11 .6 months vs.14.4 months,HR =0.59,P >0.05).The adverse drug reactions were significant differences in emotion function (F =10.27,P =0.03),diarrhea (F =10.24,P =0.03)and pain (F =9.02,P =0.04).After receiving drug treatment,the quality of life scores were improved,and most of the differences were statistically significant between A and B groups(P <0.05). Conclusion As for NSCLC with EGFR mutation in either exon 1 9 or 21 ,both gefitinib and erlotinib are well tolerated and have similar clinical effectiveness.