OBJECTIVETo evaluate the clinical effect of a new surgical approaches for repairing the acute Achilles tendon rupture.

METHODSFrom January 2009 to January 2014, 21 patients with Achilles tendon rupture were treated by 2 minimally invasive incisions and remaining skin bridge of achilles tendon end including 16 males and 5 females with an average age of 44.3 years old ranging from 21 to 57 years old. Postoperative complications, the range of movement of affected ankle joint, the circumference calf and ankle on both side, time of reture to work and sports activity were observed and recorded. The American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) score was used to evaluate the functional recovery.

RESULTSAll patients were followed up for 6 to 36 months with an average of 13.5 months. No skin necrosis, wound infection, deep vein thrombosis,re-rupture and sensory disturbance with the ankle or foot in the sural nerve distribution were found. At 1 year after operation, there was no significant difference in the range of movement between affected foot (55.4 ± 6.5)° and unaffected foot (56.3 ± 3.7)° (t = 0.872, P = 0.325). There was significant difference in AOFAS between preoperative (65.1 ± 6.9) and postoperative (94.3 ± 5.5) (t = 7.672, P = 0.013). All patients returned to work and study at an average of 10 weeks (ranged from 6 to 15 weeks) and 15 patients returned to normal sports activities at 21 weeks (ranged from 18 to 24 weeks). Calf and ankle circumferences decreased by 0.45 cm (0.3 to 0.8 cm) and increased by 0.4 cm (0.2 to 0.7 cm), respectively in the injured leg as compared with the contralateral leg.

CONCLUSIONThe simplicity of the technique of minimally invasive incision and skin bridge for acute closed Achilles tendon reconstruction is an effective and reliable method with low complication.

Achilles Tendon ; surgery ; Acute Disease ; Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Rupture

Amino Acid Metabolism, Inborn Errors ; pathology ; Child, Preschool ; Humans ; Male ; Twins

Child ; Epidermal Cyst ; Humans ; Keratoderma, Palmoplantar ; Nails, Malformed ; Skin Diseases ; Syndrome

Objective To investigate the difference of vacuum sealing drainage (VSD) on the effect of one-stage skin graft and second-stage sugery after scar release.Methods A total of 42 patients who wanted to undergo scar release and skin graft was randomly divided to control group (n =21) and VSD treatment group (n =21).The control group implemented skin graft immdiately after scar release while VSD treatment group were treated with VSD for 3 days after scar release and then implemented skin graft.The rate of subcutaneous blood stasis and the survival rate of skin graft were observed at 7 days after skin graft.The condition of grafted skin contracture and hyperplasia after half a year was also observed.Results The incidcnce of subcutaneous blood stasis was significantly lower in the VSD group than that in the control group (P ＜ 0.05).The survival rate of skin grafts was significantly higher in the VSD group than that of the control group (P ＜ 0.05).The score of Vancouver scar was significantly lower in the VSD group than that in the control group (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions VSD treatment of second-stage sugery after scar release can reduce the occurrence of subcutaneous blood stasis,promotc skin graft survival,reduce postoperative skin graft contracture and improve the prognosis of patients compared to one-stage skin graft.

Animals ; Female ; Gangliosides ; pharmacology ; Hippocampus ; enzymology ; physiopathology ; Lead ; toxicity ; Learning ; drug effects ; Male ; Memory ; drug effects ; Nitric Oxide Synthase ; biosynthesis ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

The purpose of this study is to prepare T7 and TAT dual modified liposomes (T7-TAT-LIP) to penetrate through blood brain barrier and target to brain tumor cells. The liposomes were prepared with CFPE, T7 modified PEG-DSPE, TAT modified PEG-DSPE, soybean phospholipid, PEG-DSPE and cholesterol. The CFPE was used to track the cellular uptake efficiency. The density of T7 and TAT and the length of PEG were optimized, and then the liposomes were characterized by particle size, zeta potential, morphology and stability. Afterwards, the cellular uptake by bEnd.3 and C6 cells were evaluated. The results showed that the optimized parameters were 6% of T7, 0.5% of TAT, the molecular weight of PEG for T7 was 2000 and the molecular weight of PEG for TAT was 1000. After optimization, the particle size of T7-TAT-LIP was 118 nm, the zeta potential was -6.32 mV and the particles were spherical. The turbidity and particle size of liposomes were not obviously changed after 24 h incubation in PBS at 37 °C. The particle size and polydispersity index were also stable during 1 month incubation at 4-8 °C. The cellular uptake by both bEnd.3 and C6 cells of T7-TAT-LIP was higher than that of T7 or TAT modified liposomes, suggesting dual modified liposomes possessed better blood brain barrier targeting ability and brain tumor targeting ability than the single ligand modified liposomes.

OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for medical costs control in China. METHODS:Based on main characteristics of the United States health service system,information asymmetry,principal-agent theory and Freedman’s consumption theory were used to analyze the advantages of restrictive relationship among doctors,hospitals and health insurance institutions in control-ling medical costs and improving the quality of diagnosis and treatment. The growth rate of medical cost,the percentage of drug ex-penditure and other aspects were compared between China and the United States;the effect of restrictive relationship on medical cost control was demonstrated. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS:In the United States,there are hierarchical medical system and two-way referral system;for-profit hospitals and non-profit hospitals are mutually complementary;different natures of health insur-ance system,different payment methods and strict“commercial bribe”monitoring system are carried out;doctors,hospitals and health insurance restrict each other. Not only there are many advantages in theory,but also in practice the growth rate of medical cost and the percentage of drug expenditure are superior to our country. Finally it controls the rapid growth of medical cost to a cer-tain extent. Combined with our national conditions,learning from the United States experience,restrictive relationship among doc-tors,hospitals and health insurance institutions is established to control the increase of medical cost in China through reducing infor-mation asymmetry and standardizing payment audit;establishing a scientific pattern of mixed payment;strengthening the indirect impact of the health insurance institutions on doctors and hospitals,etc.

Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Poland Syndrome

Aldehyde Oxidoreductases ; deficiency ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Metabolism, Inborn Errors ; diagnosis ; enzymology ; metabolism ; Succinate-Semialdehyde Dehydrogenase ; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid ; metabolism