Antibodies, Viral ; analysis ; Cerebrospinal Fluid ; virology ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Feces ; virology ; Genotype ; Humans ; Infant ; Meningoencephalitis ; diagnosis ; virology ; Parechovirus ; classification ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Picornaviridae Infections ; diagnosis ; epidemiology ; virology ; RNA, Viral ; genetics ; Respiratory Tract Infections ; diagnosis ; virology ; Sepsis ; diagnosis ; virology ; Sequence Analysis, DNA

Animals ; Birds ; virology ; China ; epidemiology ; Humans ; Influenza A virus ; classification ; pathogenicity ; Influenza Vaccines ; Influenza in Birds ; epidemiology ; prevention & control ; Influenza, Human ; epidemiology ; prevention & control

Objective To investigate the effects of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) combined with norepinephrine (NE) on L-type calcium current (LCa-l) in rat ventricular myocytes. Methods Ventricular myocytes were isolated from SD rats (weighing 260-280 g) by retrograde perfusion of the heart via the aorta with an enzyme-containing solution as previously described. Whole-cell patch-clamp recording was made using Axopatch 200B amplifier. The cells were perfused for 1 min with Tyrode solution containing CGRP 1 × 10-7 mol/L (group CGRP) , NE 1 × 10-6 mol/L (group NE), or CGRP 1 × 10-7 mol/L + NE 1 × 10-6 mol/L (group CN) and again washed with Tyrode solution. ICa-L was recorded 1 min before and 1 min after the cells were perfused and 1 min after the cells were washed. I-V curve of ICa-L was made after the cells were perfused with solution containing CGRP or NE alone. Results CGRP significantly inhibited the peak of ICa-L, while NE significantly promoted the peak of ICa-L(P < 0.05) . The peak of ICa-L was significantly decreased 1 min after the cells were perfused in group CGRP,while increased 1 min after the cells were perfused in group NE compared with group CN ( P < 0.05). CGRP made the I-V curve of ICa-L move up-ward, while NE made the I-V curve of ICa-L move down-ward. Conclusion CGRP can weaken the promotion of ICa-L induced by NE in rat ventricular myocytes.

Heme oxygenase-1(HO-1) is an inducible stress protein.In addition to its role in heme degradation,several positive biological effects exerted by this enzyme have highlighted in recent years as anti-inflammatory,anti-apoptotic,anti-proliferative and cytoprotective functions.This oxidase system with multiple functions takes part in the pathophysiology of cardiovascular system.It is related to a variety of cardiovascular diseases including hypertension,atherosclerosis,ischemia/reperfusion injury and postangioplasty restenosis.

Objective To evaluate the effect and mechanism of ginkgolide injection combined with edaravone on acute cerebral infarction.Methods 120 acute cerebral infarction patients were divided into observation group and control group,60 cases in each group.The control group was treated with edaravone,and the observation group was treated with ginkgolide injection combined with edaravone.The neuron specific enolase (NSE),S100β,tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α),interleukin-6 (IL-6),C reactive protein (CRP),National Institutes of Health stroke scale(NIHSS) and clinical efficacy were compared between the two groups.Results After treatment,the levels of NSE,S100β,CRP,IL-6 and TNF-α of the observation group were (7.1 ± 1.5) μg/L,(0.2 ±0.1) μg/L,(14.5 ± 3.7) mg/L,(20.9 ± 5.3) ng/L and (11.2 ± 3.0)μg/L,respectively,which of the control group were (8.9 ± 2.0) μg/L,(0.4 ± 0.2) μg/L,(21.3 ± 4.2) mg/L,(29.7 ± 3.2) ng/L and (18.8 ± 3.6) μg/L,respectively,those of the observation group were significantly lower than comrol group (t =2.898,2.894,3.012,2.998,3.025,all P ＜0.05).After treatment for 7d and 14d,the NIHSS scores of the observation group were (11.8 ± 3.0) points and (7.3 ±2.2) points,respectively,which of the control group were (15.2 ± 3.9) points and (10.5 ± 3.0) points,respectively,the observation group were significantly lower than control group(t =2.984,3.037,all P ＜ 0.05).The clinical efficacy of the observation group was significantly better than that of the control group (83.3 ％ vs.61.7％) (x2 =7.064,P ＜0.05).Conclusion Ginkgolide injection combined with edaravone in the treatment of acute cerebral infarction caninhibit inflammation reaction,alleviate nerve function damage,its effect is better than edaravone.

Objective:To investigate the current situation of surrogate in China,analyze the reasons,and then provide effective suggestions and countermeasures.Methods:A questionnaire survey was conducted among medical staff and patients in an institution with assisted reproductive technology (ART),combining literature review and sociological research methods such as data maps,to explore and analyze the surrogacy.Results:The number of institutions with ART increased rapidly and its regulation became difficult.More surrogate network was observed in first-tier cities as well as the eastern and southeastern coastal provinces.That respondents agreeing with surrogacy was quite serious in some provinces.The reasons of surrogate were patients' needs,social concepts,weak government supervision,and so on.Conclusions:It should improve the laws of ART,explore long-term supervision mechanism,strengthen the management of internet,shield the information about surrogate,enhance medical ethics education for ART staff,and guide the infertility patients to establish the correct ethical concepts.

Objective To investigate the anti-infection and bone repair effects of composite scaffolds encapsulated with vancomycin and bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2).Methods Chitosan (CS) solution and nano-hydroxyapatite (n-HAP) mixed in a ratio of 1∶1 were made into solid materials by freeze drrying technology,and immerged into BMP-2/polylactic acid (PLA) and vancomycin/PLA microsphere solution to fabricate drug-loaded scaffolds.Efficiency of drug release was measured.After the induction of chronic infectious tibial bone defect,60 New Zealand white rabbits were assigned to isolate debridement group (Group Ⅰ),n-HAP/CS scaffold group (Group Ⅱ),n-HAP/CS + vancomycin/PLA group (Group Ⅲ) and n-HAP/CS + vancomycin/PLA + BMP-2/PLA group (Group Ⅳ) according to the random number table,with 15 rabbits per group.After 8 weeks of treatment,X-ray filming,Norden score,HE staining and narrow culture were performed to evaluate the anti-infection ability and bone repair ability in each group.Results Pore size of the n-HAP/CS scaffold constructed in this study ranged from 80 to 270 μm (mean,146.53 μm).Biomechanical test showed the elastic modulus of the scaffold material was (27.50 ± 1.58)MPa and the compressive strength was (0.75 ± 0.04)MPa.BMP-2/PLA and vancomycin/PLA microspheres into ball shape uniformly distributed on the scaffold pores.Drug-loaded scaffold showed relatively stable release of vancomycin and BMP-2 in a period of 18 days.With the extended time amount of the drug release gradually reduced.On the X-ray films 8 weeks after the treatment,sinus formation was visible in groups Ⅲ and Ⅳ,and emergence of periosteal reaction with focal low density shadow was demonstrated in groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ.Norden scores of groups Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ and Ⅳ were (2.64 ±0.33) points,(2.63 ±0.36) points,(1.14 ±0.29) points and (0.89 ±0.42) points respectively,indicating group Ⅳ ranked the lowest compared with other three groups (P＜0.05) and group Ⅲ showed significant difference in comparison with groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ (P ＜0.05).HE staining showed massive infiltration of inflammatory cells and destroyed bone trabeculas in groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ,trabecular bone arranged neatly in groups Ⅲ and Ⅳ,and thicker trabecular bone in group Ⅳ than in group Ⅲ.Marrow culture showed obvious pale yellow colony formation in groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ,but no colony formation in groups Ⅲ and Ⅳ.Conclusions Vancomycin/BMP-2-loaded tissue engineering scaffolds are constructed successfully.Drug-loaded n-HAP/CS composite scaffold is identified as an ideal implant material for treatment of chronic osteomyelitis in rabbits

[Objective]To evaluate the outcome of the Pemberton osteotomy for the treatment of developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) in older children. [Method]There were 21 children (24 hips) older than 7 years in our study , who received the Pemberton osteotomy, and combined with femoral shortening, derotational or varus osteotomies according to the level of dislocation, anteversion and neck-shalf angle of the femur. The average age at operation were 9 years and 7 months (range: 7~13.5 years).[Result]The mean follow-up were 5 years and 5 months. Eighteen hips achieved the excellent or good clinical results according to the McKay's clinical criteria. All of the hips got improvements of the Acetabular Index, Sharp Acetabular Angle, Center-Edge Angle and Acetabular Head Index. The average results were in the normal range. Eighteen hips got ⅠorⅡclass of the Severin’s radiographic classification.However, 9 hips were limited in the range of movement. Four hips got subluxation.Six hips developed avascular necrosis of the femoral head. Three hips got improved osteoarthritis.[Conclusion]The Pemberton osteotomy for the treatment of developmental dysplasia of the hip in older children can mostly achieve well-used, contained or concentric reduction hips, meanwhile need to reduce the complications.

Objective To establish the quality standard for Ulter Zhuhuang gel.Methods Indirubin,cholic acid and borneol were identified by TLC.The content of indirubin and cholic acid was determined by HPLC.Result The TLC sports developed was fairly clear.The HPLC method showed that the average recovery of indirubin and cholic acid was 100.3% with RSD=2.1% and 98.9% with RSD=1.8% respectively.Conclusion The method is convenient and accurate.It can be used for the quality control of Ulter Zhuhuang gel.