AIM: To study the mRNA and protein expression of Kang ai1 (KAI1) tumor suppressor gene and to determine the relationship between KAI1 and invasiveness and metastasis of cervical cancer. METHODS: The expression of KAI1 metastasis suppressor was detected by immunohistochemistry in paraffin slides and by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in fresh tissue. The samples included 20 cases of normal cervical tissues, 20 cases of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and 40 cases of cervical carcinoma. The results of the gene expression combined with the pathological and clinical data were also analyzed. RESULTS: The expression of KAI1 protein and mRNA was related to the tissue differentiation of cervix. The positive rates of KAI1 expression were the highest in the normal cervical tissue, the middle in CIN and the lowest in cervical carcinoma with significant difference among three groups (P<0.01). The expression of KAI1 protein was not related with the grade of CIN (P>0.05). However, both mRNA and protein expression of KAI1 were related to the differentiation and the clinical stages of cervical cancer (P<0.01) and also related to the metastasis of the cancer. The positive rates between the non-lymphatic metastasis and lymphatic metastasis (P<0.05) were significant different. Cox regression and logistic regression showed that the tissue differentiation, clinical stages, lymphatic metastasis and expression of KAI1 were all related factors with recurrence and prognosis of cervical cancer. CONCLUSION: The down-regulation of KAI1 tumor suppressor gene at both mRNA and protein levels is related to the differentiation, clinical stages and metastasis of cervical cancer, indicating that the expression of KAI1 is a prognostic factor for cervical cancer.

Objective To investigate the effect of cervical knife conization (CKC) or loop electrical excision procedure (LEEP)on the outcome of subsequent pregnancies and mode of deliveries. Methods A retrospective case-control study including 228 women after treatment with LEEP or CKC for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) Ⅱ -Ⅲ who gave birth in the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University and He-xian Memorial Hospital of Pangyu from January 2004 to January 2010 was performed.Patients (n = 228) without cervical surgical history were randomly extracted from the respective hospitals birth registries as controls and were matched by age, gestation,parity and income.The information including gestational age, premature rupture of membranes (PROM), type of deliveries and birth weight of the two groups were collected.Results The gestational age of women treated with conization was (268.3±26.2) d, longer than that of the women without surgery (279.4±25.3) d (t=4.60, P＜0.01). The incidence of preterm birth was 18.0％(41/228) and 4.4％ (10/228) (x2 = 21.22, P＜ 0. 05). The incidence of PROM was higher in conizationgroup (10.1％, 23/228) than that (1.3％, 3/228) in control group (x2=16.32, P＜0. 05). Risk for PROM was almost eight fold (OR=8. 42, 95％CI: 2.49-28.44) higher in conization group. Cesarean section rate was higher in conization group (69.3 ％ ) than in control group (39.0 ％ )(x2=42.06, P＜0. 01). The gestational age of women treated with LEEP was longer than those treated with CKC[(269.8±24.6) d vs (260.2± 26.5) d, t= 4. 01, P＜0.01]. The incidence of preterm birth was 13. 1％ (22/168) and 31.6％ (19/60) (x2 = 10. 34, P＜0. 05). The mean birth weight of women with LEEP was heavier than that with CKC[(3358.5 ±812.2) g vs (3295.9 ±832.6) g, t=3.08, P＜0. 01]. The incidence of PROM (7.1％, 12/168) of woman with CKC was higher than that (1.3％, 11/60) of women with LEEP (x2 =6.10, P＜0.05). Conclusions Conization might increase the incidence of preterm delivery and preterm PROM. LEEP showed less adverse effect onthe outcome of subsequentpregnanciesthan CKC,and waspreferredfor primigravida, and the risk of treatment should be informed in advance.

Globally, Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death of high morbidity and mortality with poor prognosis, which needs some more effective and less toxic therapies. hTe immunotherapies offer a novel approach for the treatment of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in both the adjuvant and palliative disease settings. A number of promising immunotherapies based on different mechanism have now been evaluated showing an increasing response rate. Moreover, further phase II/III clinical trials will be indicated to explore its value. hTese include checkpoint inhibitors (anti-CT-LA4 antibody, anti-PD-1 antibody, anti-PD-L1 antibody), active vaccination (L-BLP25 liposome vaccine, Belagenpumatucel-L vaccine, MAGE-A3 protein vaccine) and adoptive vaccination (CIK cells). hTe purpose of this paper will draw a summary on the theory, clinical trials, toxicity and problems to be solved of the immunotherapies in NSCLC.

Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pharyngitis ; therapy ; Young Adult

A strain of yeast capable of hydrolyzing ethyl ester of racemic Ketoprofen with high enantioselectivity has been isolated from soil after two-step enrichment. The yeast was identified as Trichosporon brassicae. The process of growth and enzyme production was investigated. The catalytic performance of the resting cell of KET4 in kinetic resolution of Ketoprofen was also investigated. When the conversion of substrate reached 41% , enantiomeric excess of the (S) - Ketoprofen produced was 91 % , indicating a high enantiomeric ratio of 45.

OBJECTIVETo compare therapeutic effects of herb-partitioned spread moxibustion and western medicine on chronic nonspecific ulcerative colitis.

METHODSSixty cases were randomly divided into a spread moxibustion group (n = 28) and a western medicine group (n = 32). The spread moxibustion group was treated with herb-partitioned spread moxibustion at lower limb around stomach meridian, abdomen region around Guanyuan (CV 4) and lower Jiaji (EX B 2) points; and the western medicine group was treated with oral administration of Sulfasalazine. Their therapeutic effects were observed after treatment.

RESULTSThe cured-markedly effective rate was 71.4% (20/ 28) in the spread moxibustion group, and 25.0% (8/32) in the western medicine group, the former was better than the latter (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSThe therapeutic effect of herb-partitioned spread moxibustion for treatment of chronic nonspecific ulcerative colitis is better than that of the oral administration of Sulfasalazine with less adverse reaction, and is worth popularizing in clinic.

Acupuncture Points ; Adult ; Chronic Disease ; therapy ; Colitis, Ulcerative ; drug therapy ; therapy ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Meridians ; Middle Aged ; Moxibustion ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo search for an effective therapy for allergic rhinitis.

METHODSOne hundred and twenty cases of allergic rhinitis were randomly divided into a treatment group (n=60) treated mainly with penetration needling, Yintang (EX-HN 3)-through-Bigen (root of nose), Sibai (ST 2)-through-Bigen, Yingxiang (LI 20)-through-Bigen, and a control group (n=60) treated with oral Biyankang, 4 tablets each time, 3 times daily. Their therapeutic effects were compared.

RESULTSThe total effective rate was 85.0% in the treatment group and 60.0% in the control group, with a very significant difference between the two groups (P<0.01).

CONCLUSIONThe penetration needling as main therapy has a definite therapeutic effect on allergic rhinitis, which is significantly better than that of oral Biyankang.

Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Humans ; Nose ; Rhinitis, Allergic

ORF3 and partial ORF1 regions were amplified with RT-PCR f rom two patients (T1 and T11)infected with new genotype of hepatitis E Virus. Th e PCR products were cloned and sequenced. The results showed that G-C rich regi on in ORF3 was deleted when amplified with normal PCR reaction. However, PCR rea ction containing G-C melt solution can overcome this problem. The sequence anal ysis showed that T1 and T11 belong to a new genotype of HEV which differs from g enotype I,II and III reported.T1 and T11 have 79%～82%, 80%～81% and 83%～85% id entical to genotype I,II and III respectively.

To decrease the hemolysis side effect of puerarin, the basic formula and preparation of puerarin submicron emulsion were optimized and the physicochemical properties were evaluated. Puerarin submicron emulsions were prepared by phase inversion-ultrasound combining with phospholipids complexes technology. The effects of preparative parameters, such as emulsification time, stirring velocity and ultrasound time, on mean diameter, span of dispersity, entrapment efficiency and overall desirability were investigated. The three dimensional response surface graphs were produced by second-order polynomial and liner equation, which predict the optimal experiment conditions. All response variables were found to be greatly dependent on three independent variables. Second-order polynomial equations were fitter than liner equations for this study. The optimal emulsification time, stirring velocity and ultrasound time was 15 min, 2 000 r x min(-1), 30 min, respectively. The mean diameter, span of dispersity, entrapment efficiency, drug content and zeta potential of emulsions prepared by the method were 228.23 nm, 0.628 4, 84. 32%, 9.98 mg x mL(-1), - 29.03 mV, respectively. Puerarin submicron emulsion was prepared by the optimized preparation method. The narrow particle diameter distribution, high envelopment efficacy and good stability were obtained. The physicochemical properties were suitable for the requirement of the intravenous emulsion.
Emulsions ; Isoflavones ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; Particle Size

OBJECTIVETo investigate the role of Rictor/mTORC2 in the formation of blood testis barrier (BTB), testicular development, and spermatogenesis.

METHODSAmh Cre positive mice homozygous for rictor loxP with Sertoli cell specific deletion of rictor were obtained by cross breeding Amh Cre mice with rictor loxP mice. The histology of the reproductive organs, seminiferous tubules and epididymis of the transgenic mice was observed with HE staining. The cell subgroups of the germ cells in the seminiferous tubule were detected by flow cytometry with propidium iodide labeling. The expression levels of Ki 67 and separase were detected with immunofluorescence assay, and the expression levels of BTB associated proteins were detected with immunofluorescence and Western blotting.

RESULTSCompared with the control (Amh Cre, rictoror rictor) mice, the mice with Sertoli cell specific rictor deletion showed significantly decreased testicular weight and epididymis weight (P<0.05), significantly increased diploid cells (P<0.01), and decreased haploid cells (P<0.01) but comparable tetraploid cells and similar expression levels of Ki 67 and separase. The mice with rictor knockout also showed aberrant localization of BTB associated proteins, which were scattered over the whole seminiferous epithelium, but the expression levels of the protein remained stable.

CONCLUSIONRictor in testicular Sertoli cells is essential for maintaining BTB integrity and function and ensuring normal spermatogenesis in mice.