Urine provides an alternative to blood plasma as a potential source of disease biomarkers. Exosomes was separated by ultracentrifuge at 200000 g in normal persons and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients′ urine. For proteomic analysis of urinary exosome, 1D sodium dodecylsulfonate-polyacrylate gel electrophoresis(SDS-PAGE) was carries out and cut the gel 31 kDa-20 kDa bands in normal group and disease group′s. These gel blocks were subjected to in-gel trypsinization, and the extracted peptides were analyzed HPLC-CHIP-MS/MS. Approximately 24 unique proteins were identified in the UniProtKB/SWISS-PORT. The difference expression proteins were found in urinary exosome from NSCLC patients, including three fragment of the immunoglobulin kappa, two kinds of Ras related proteins, glutathione S-transferase A2, serum amyloid P-component precursor and phosphatidylethanolamine-binding protein 1.

Objective To investigate the epidemiological and clinical characteristics and prognosis of 31 children with hand foot and mouth disease(HFMD) complicated with acute flaccid paralysis(AFP).Methods Thirty-one HFMD children complicated with AFP served as study objective,who were admitted to Tangshan Maternity and Children Health Hospital from Jun 2011 to Dec 2014.The clinical manifestations and follow-up outcomes of 31 children with HFMD followed by AFP were retrospectively reviewed.Results Participants in this study consisted of 31 children(16 males,15 females,age from 3 months to 9 years) who met the criteria for HFMD with AFP.Among the 31 cases,27(87.1％)cases were less than 3 years old and 29(93.5％) cases were from countryside.Eleven cases (35.5％)were infected by enterovirus 71,1 case (3.2％) was infected with coxsackieviruses A16 and 19 cases(61.3％) were infected by other enteroviruses.AFP developed(7.1 ±2.9) days after the onset of fever and progressed to maximum severity within 1-2 days.All of the cases presented with fever and skin rash,38.7％ cases presented with limbs tremor and 87.1％ cases presented with startle and skip.Besides AFP of limbs, 100％ cases complicated with encephalitis.Thirty-one cases showed poliomyelitis-like syndrome(20 cases with one flaccid limb,5 cases with lower limbs,4 cases with upper limbs and 2 cases with left hemiplegia).In these cases, the muscle power varied from level 0 to level 4.The muscle strengthen and muscle tone in 21 patients were recovered within 2 weeks,and the other cases showed recovery 2 to 3 weeks later.After four weeks, the muscle strengthen in 19 cases recovered to 5 level(10 cases with single lower limb,5 cases with single upper limb,3 cases with two lower limbs and 1 case with two upper limbs).Conclusion HFMD complicated with AFP most commonly occurs in children aged less than 3 years old.The majority of cases were from countryside.Enterovirus 71 is still relatively common pathogen.All the 31 cases complicated with encephalitis.Cases clinically presented one flaccid limb, lower limbs, upper limbs and hemiplegia.AFP may be to some degree reversible in HFMD cases.In most cases described here, paralysis occurred in a single lower extremity and recovered more rapidly than those with two fimbs affected or with single upper extremity impairment.

Objective To systematically review the effectiveness and safety of statins for chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (COPD) combining with pulmonary hypertension (PH).Methods The electronic searches in databases of PubMed,EMbase,the Cochrane Library,Web of Science,CBM,CNKI,VIP and Wanfang Data were conducted from the date of their establishment to January 2016 and the references of the include studies were also retrieved for collecting randomized controlled trials (RCTs) or quasi-RCTs on statins treating COPD combining with PH.Two researchers independenlty screened the literature according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria,extracted the data,assessed the quality of the included studies by adopting the Cochrane collaboration' s tool for assessing risk of bias,and performed Meta-analysis by using RevMan 5.3 software.Results A total of 24 studies involving 1 587 cases were included.The results of Meta-analysis showed that:compared with the control group,simvastatin significantly improved FEV1 [MD =0.23,95％ CI:0.16-0.31,P ＜ 0.000 01],FEV1 ％ [MD =6.73,95％ CI:1.34-12.12,P =0.01],FVC [MD =0.39,95％ CI:0.34-0.45,P ＜ 0.000 01],6 minutes walk distance (6MWD)· [MD=59.09,95％CI:54.24-63.93,P ＜0.000 01] and decreased mPAP [MD=6.73,95％ CI:1.34-12.12,P =0.01],SPAP [MD =-4.53,95 ％ CI =-8.87--0.19,P =0.04].Atorvastatin significantly improved FEV1 [MD =6.22,95 ％ CI:2.51-9.93,P =0.001] and 6 MWD [MD =24.10,95 ％ CI:12.98-35.23,P ＜ 0.000 1] and decreased sPAP [MD =-6.44,95％CI:-7.95--4.93,P＜0.00001] andmPAP [MD=-3.51,95％CI:-5.81--1.22,P=0.003].But no significant difference was found in the improvement of FEV1,FVC or FEV1/FVC.Fluvastatin significantly decreased sPAP [MD=-5.89,95％ CI:-6.99--4.79,P ＜0.000 01].There was a significant decrease in the Borg dyspnoea score in statins group [MD =-3.37,95％ CI:-4.61--2.14,P ＜ 0.000 01] as compared with the controls.In addition,the incidence of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) was similar between statins and the control group.Conclusion Current evidence suggests that statins may decrease pulmonary hypertension in patients with COPD combining with PH.However,high-quality clinical trials with large sample size are needed to verify whether the improvement of pulmonary function,6MWD and Borg dyspnoea score are the class effect or the incidence of ADRs is disparate among different statins.

Objective:To summarize the evidence for the link between rheumatoid arthritis and risk of vertebral fractures or vertebral deformities with a meta-analysis, so as to provide objective proof for early preventing and the development of vertebral deformity and fractures.Methods:Wanfang,CNKI,VIP,PUBMED,Springlink and Elsevier were retrieved for all publications relating to rheumatoid arthritis and vertebral fractures in women.According to inclusion and exclusion criteria,two investigators collected their data individually,then statistical analysis was performed using Stata 12.0 software.Results: Eight case-control studies were enrolled, including 86 741 participants,2 258 of them with RA.The results of Meta-analysis showed that a higher incidence of vertebral fractures in RA,and Odds ratio was 3.70 with a 95%confidence interval(2.47-5.55,P<0.000 1).The publication bias analysis did not reveal any evidence of obvious asymmetry, and the sensitivity analysis showed that omission of any individual study made no significant difference for all comparison models,suggesting that our results were statistically robust.Conclusion:RA may be one of the risk factors for the vertebral fractures.

Objective To observe the effect of circadian rhythm on hypnotic median effective dose( ED50) of ketamine. Methods Sixty mice were randomly divided into 4 groups which had 15 mice in each group. They were intraperitoneally injected with ketamine at different times of 2 Am,8 Am,2 Pm and 8 Pm, respectively. Righting reflex was recorded and the value of ED50 was measured with sequential experimental method. Results The hypnotic ED50 of ketamine at 2 Am was(54.57?0.82) mg/kg, with 95% confidence limit of ED50 38.06-78.22 mg/kg;ED50 was(49. 27?0. 12) mg/kg at 8 Am, with 95% confidence limit of ED50 40. 21-60. 37 mg/kg;ED50 at 2 Pm was (42.28?0.21) mg/kg, with 95% confidence limit 37.35 - 47 83 mg/kg;and ED50 at 8 Pm was(57.42?0.14) mg/kg, with 95% confidence limit 37.51-73 72 mg/kg,respectively. The ED50 were significant different at 2 Pm and 8 Pm. However, there were no significant difference in ED50 value among other groups. Conclusion The hypnotic effect of ketamine has circadian rhythm - dependent.

OBJECTIVETo develop a real-time polymerase chain reaction(PCR) based on TaqMan technology by using a new MGB probe for detecting enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) in paper.

METHODSPrimers and MGB probe were designed in the ecoding region of heat-stable toxin of ETEC. Real-time PCR detected ETEC by using the exterior standard method with protracting standard curves. The specificity, sensitivity, accuracy, stability of real-time PCR system was evaluated. An internal negative antithesis was added to the real-time PCR system in order to get rid of the false positive of system. Using UNG enzyme expelled the contamination of PCR reaction.

RESULTSPrimers and MGB probe were suited to the Real-time PCR. The assay showed that the method was quick, special, sensitive and stable. The real-time PCR system could detect ETEC in a large scale. The assay might be finished in two hour.

CONCLUSIONThese observations suggested that real-time PCR based on MGB probe should be an excellent candidate for a standard ETEC detection method.

Bacterial Toxins ; isolation & purification ; DNA Primers ; DNA Probes ; DNA, Bacterial ; Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli ; isolation & purification ; Molecular Probe Techniques ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; methods ; Taq Polymerase

Andrology ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; prevention & control ; therapy ; Humans ; Integrative Medicine ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Physicians

Objective To investigate the expression and clinical value of immunohistochemistry in endometrial stromal tumors.Methods Immunohistochemical technique(Envision method)was applied to de- tect the expression of CD_(10),SM-MHC,h-caldesmon,AE1/3,CD_(99),Ki-67,CD_(34),c-kit,ER and PR in 15 cases of endomertrial stromal sarcoma and 3 metastases.The clinical pathological data,including the histological characteristics,histochemical and immunohistochemical staining features,complication,differential diagnosis and prognosis of endometrial stromal tumours were analyzed.Results Among the 18 cases of endometrial stromal tumor,17 cases had shown positive for CD_(10),including 13 cases diffuse positive and 4 muitifocal,7 cases with smooth muscle differentiation,3 cases with epithelial differentiation,7 cases with sex-cord differ- entiation.13 cases of ER and 16 cases of PR were positive expression in endometrial stromal sarcoma.Ki-67 in range 36 %～78 %.Conclusion Endometrial stromal tumour can display multi-differentiation.They show various pathomorphological features,Smooth muscle and sex-coed differentiation,the most common types. CD_(10) can be expressed consistently in endometrial stromal tumors.CD_(10) with h-caldesmon and SM-MHC can be used to make differential diagnosis between the endometrial stromal tumors and cellular leiomy0ma.ER and PR should be routinely estimated and be a prognostic predictor for endometrial stromal sarcoma.

OBJECTIVETo compare the therapeutic effect and indication between standard large trauma craniotomy and routine craniotomy.

METHODSThere were 97 patients in the standard large trauma craniotomy group and 110 patients in the routine craniotomy group. The mortality, postoperative ICP (intracranial pressure), ratio of pupil rebound, complication and results of six month follow-up after operation were compared between the two groups.

RESULTSFifteen patients (15.6%) died in the standard large trauma craniotomy group and 30 (27.7%) in the routine craniotomy group. The postoperative mean ICP was 3.75 kPa+/-1.89 kPa in the standard large trauma craniotomy group and 5.11 kPa+/-1.57 kPa in the routine craniotomy group. The pupil rebound was found in 47 patients (61.0%) in the standard large trauma craniotomy group and in 41 patients (46.1%) in the routine craniotomy group (P<0.01). The rate of complication was lower in the standard large trauma craniotomy group, but no obvious difference in long-term therapeutic effect was found between the two groups.

CONCLUSIONSStandard large trauma craniotomy can attenuate brain hernia and the mortality of the patients with acute subdural hematoma. The incidence of complication can also be decreased. But the long term life quality of the patients can not be improved.

Acute Disease ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Chi-Square Distribution ; Craniotomy ; standards ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hematoma, Subdural ; mortality ; surgery ; Humans ; Intracranial Pressure ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Quality of Life ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo study the treatment and the treatment outcome in infants with congenital heart disease complicated by severe pneumonia and heart failure.

METHODSThe clinical data of 24 infants with congenital heart disease (left to right shunt) complicated by severe pneumonia and heart failure between January 2007 and December 2007 were retrospectively reviewed.

RESULTSTwenty-two infants recovered and 2 died. Severe pneumonia and heart failure were refractory even after 1-2 months medical treatment in 6 infants at ages of <6 months. They then underwent an open heart surgery under the mechanical ventilation and tracheal intubations and were successfully cured. The other 18 infants underwent a selective heart surgery after pneumonia and heart failure had been improved. Sixteen infants were successfully cured and 2 died of postoperative low cardiac output syndrome and diffuse intravascular clotting.

CONCLUSIONSThe heart surgery should be performed early when the medical treatment does not work in infants with congenital heart disease complicated by severe pneumonia and heart failure. This may improve their outcome.

Bronchopneumonia ; therapy ; Female ; Heart Defects, Congenital ; complications ; surgery ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Male