Esophageal reconstruction is of great importance in the practice of esophagectomy,and esophagogastric anastomosis represents the most essential and key technical aspect of the operation,which largely determined patients' shortterm outcomes.A successful esophageal anastomosis should be no occurrences of postoperative early-stage anastomotic bleeding and leakage and later-stage anastomotic stenosis.The circular stapler,linear cut stapler and hand-sewn anastomosis are the most common anastomotic methods.Hand-sewn anastomosis is the most traditional and classical.Circular stapler has gained significant popularity for its simplicity and convenience.Linear cut stapler used for side-to-side anastomosis has the potential to reduce the risk of postoperative anastomotic stenosis via expanding inner diameter of anastomosis.Every anastomotic method has its advantages and disadvantages,and it cannot completely avoid occurrence of postoperative anastomotic complications.To have a better outcome,both surgeon's experiences and patient's individual conditions should be taken into consideration for the choice of anastomotic technique.

OBJECTIVE: To establish a new method for measuring the content of benzalkonium bromide in disinfectant so- lution METHODS: The sodium nitrite was removed from disinfectant solution by reaction between sodium nitrite and urea to form N2 and CO2 and then benzalkonium bromide in the solution was directly determinated by UV-spectrophotometry with no need of separation RESULTS:There was no significant difference between this method and the method in pharmacopeia CON CLUSION:The method is simple, rapid and accurate and can be used to measure benzalkonium bromide in the solution.

Accidental Falls ; Acute Disease ; Anticoagulants ; therapeutic use ; Fibrinolytic Agents ; therapeutic use ; Heparin, Low-Molecular-Weight ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Male ; Subclavian Vein ; Venous Thrombosis ; diagnosis ; drug therapy ; etiology ; Warfarin ; therapeutic use ; Young Adult

Objective To reveal the features of fund sponsored articles and the status of scientific research by analyzing fund sponsored articles in Hubei Region.Methods The papers published from the year of 2001-2010 by the authors of Hubei Region in 11 domestic ophthalmology periodicals were investigated.The amount of funds obtained,funded papers output,research content and direction,and the literature type were calculated by quantitative analysis methods.Results There were 142 of funded projects supported by the National Natural Science Fundation(NSFC),province/ministry and other sourses from the year of 2001 to 2010 in Hubei Region.The amount of projects funded by national was 2.55 times higher in the year between 2006-2010 compared with the year of 2001-2005,meanwhile,province/ministry projects were 1.97 times increased.Among 28698 articles published in 11 ophthalmologic journals(Chinese Journal of Ophthalmology,etc.) between 2001-2010,in which 134 funded articles were published by the authors of Hubei region,accounted for 4.67％ of total papers were supported by varous funds.The papers of applications and basic application were accounted for 43.28％,to explore the pathogenesis and mechanisms were accounted for 30.60％.The subjects of fund sponsored articles were mainly in the field of retine,cornea,glaucoma,lens or cataract.Conclusions Offer as a referance to the ophthalmologist and researchers choose the research direction.Clinical research,continuously research and multidisciplinary cross studies should be strengthed.

Objective To explore the effect of hypoxia-ischemia(HI)on expression of second mitochondria-derived activator of caspase proteinc(Smac)in brain tissue of neonatal rats.Methods All neonatal rats were divided randomly into HI group,pseudo-operation group,and normal control group.The animal models of HIE were made.At 24,48,72,96 h after HI,Western blot was used to detect the expression of Smac protein in hippocampus.The relative activity of Caspase-3 in hippocampus tissue was determined by colorimetric assay.Results In HI group,at 24,48,72,96 h after HI,the expression levels of Smac protein in hippocampus significantly increased compared with that of pseudo-operation group and normal control group(Pa

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ; blood ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Female ; Humans ; Infant

To study the influence of the compatibility of ophiopogonis tuber and Chinese magnoliavine fruit with gastrodia rhizome on the pharmacokinetics of gastrodin in rat, three dosages of compound Tianma granule extract (equivalent to gastrodin 50, 100, 200 mg x kg(-1)) and one dosage of Tianma extract (equivalent to gastrodin 100 mg x kg(-1) were administered to rats by intragastric administration separately. Plasma samples were collected at different times and treated with methanol and acetonitrile to precipitate protein. The contents of gastrodin in plasma were determined by HPLC method. The mean plasma concentration-time curves of different medication administration teams were processed with WinNonlin 5.2.1 pharmacokinetic software. The pharmacokinetic parameters of different medication administration teams were analyzed with SPSS statistics 17.0 software. The results indicated that the in vivo kinetic process of gastrodin was fitted to first-order absorption un-compartment model at low, middle dosages and zero-order absorption un-compartment model at high dosage of compound Tianma granule extract. By comparison with the pharmacokinetic parameters of gastrodin (100 mg x kg(-1)) in Tianma extract, the significant decrease for Cmax and significant increase for MRT0-infinity in compound Tianma granule extract indicated that the compatibility of ophiopogonis tuber and Chinese magnoliavine fruit with Gastrodia rhizome can delay the absorption, reduce the elimination rate and prolong the action time of gastrodin in vivo.

Objective:To evaluate the clinical efficacy of Xuebijing combined with human immunoglobulin for the treatment of severe and critically ill patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).Methods:A retrospective study was conducted. The clinical data of 65 patients with severe and critical COVID-19 admitted to Chongqing Public Health Medical Center and Chongqing Three Gorges Central Hospital from January 2020 to March 2020 during the period of supporting to combat COVID-19 by the medical team of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University and Chongqing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine were analyzed. According to different treatment regimens, patients were divided into conventional treatment group (conventional antivirus, anti-infection and symptomatic support treatments), Xuebijing group (Xuebijing was applied to patients with elevated inflammatory cytokines) and combination group (Xuebijing combined with human immunoglobulin, human immunoglobulin was applied to patients with low immunity indicated by monitoring results of lymphocytes and their subsets). The improvement of blood routine examination, blood gas analysis, myocardial enzyme spectrum, liver and kidney function, lymphocytes and their subsets and cytokines as well as severity score in three groups before and after treatment were observed. Kaplan-Meier method was used to draw the 28-day survival curve of each group, and the cumulative survival rate among the groups was compared.Results:Among the 65 severe and critically ill COVID-19 patients, only 20 patients received conventional treatment, 22 patients were treated with Xuebijing based on conventional treatment, and 23 patients were treated with Xuebijing combined with human immunoglobulin based on conventional treatment. Before treatment, CD4 + T cell count in combination group was higher than other two groups, and interleukin-6 (IL-6) was lower than other two groups, while other indicators showed no statistically significant differences among the three groups, suggesting that the baseline of the three groups was relatively balanced before treatment. The patients in the conventional treatment group were relieved after treatment, and it was characterized by that the acute physiology and chronic health evaluation Ⅱ (APACHEⅡ) score and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were significantly lower than those before treatment [APACHEⅡ score: 5.20±2.74 vs. 6.20±1.93, LDH (μmol·s -1·L -1): 4.1±1.0 vs. 4.7±0.9, both P < 0.01], but there was still liver damage, which was manifested as higher aspartate aminotransferase (AST) than that before treatment [U/L: 30.5 (23.8, 41.5) vs. 21.0 (17.0, 34.0), P < 0.05]. In Xuebijing group, the respiratory function and immunity of patients were improved after treatment, and the improvement degree of the ratio of CD4 + T cell was more significant than that in the conventional treatment group (4.86±6.31 vs. -0.95±12.38, P < 0.05). However, the patients still lived with an "inflammatory storm" and liver damage after treatment. It was shown that IL-4 was significantly higher than that before treatment (ng/L: 2.57±1.15 vs. 1.92±1.04, P < 0.05), while albumin (ALB) decreased significantly compared with before treatment [g/L: 33.0 (30.5, 35.6) vs. 36.2 (32.1, 41.4), P < 0.01]. While the treatment of Xuebijing combined with human immunoglobulin could improve patients' respiratory function and enhance their immunity more effectively, it was shown that arterial partial pressure of oxygen (PaO 2), oxygenation index (PaO 2/FiO 2), T lymphocyte count, ratio of CD4 + T cell, CD4 + T cell count, CD8 + T cell count and CD4 +/CD8 + ratio were significantly higher than those before treatment, while ALB, IL-6, APACHEⅡ score and sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) score were significantly lower than those before treatment. T lymphocyte count, the ratio of CD4 + T cell and IL-6 in combination group were improved more significantly than those in conventional treatment group and Xuebijing group [T lymphocyte count (×10 9/L): 310.68±359.28 vs. 46.54±240.01, 81.59±256.76; ratio of CD4 + T cell: 14.53±14.49 vs. -0.95±12.38, 4.86±6.31; IL-6 (ng/L): -25.53±39.05 vs. -1.75±5.45, 12.78±44.81], PaO 2/FiO 2 was improved more significantly as compared with the Xuebijing group [mmHg (1 mmHg = 0.133 kPa): 146.31±109.73 vs. 59.41±87.70], and the differences were statistically different (all P < 0.05). Conclusion:The combination of Xuebijing and human immunoglobulin for the treatment of patients with COVID-19 can improve patients' respiratory function, reduce "inflammatory storm", enhance immunity, and alleviate severity of patients' condition.

Acute Disease ; Administration, Inhalation ; Adolescent ; Asthma ; drug therapy ; Budesonide ; administration & dosage ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Oxygen ; Terbutaline ; administration & dosage

Child, Preschool ; Fever ; etiology ; Histoplasmosis ; complications ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Humans ; Jaundice ; etiology ; Male