Monascus-fermented rice is a natural food and traditional Chinese medicine. Besides its wellknown effectiveness in lowering blood lipids, Monascus-fermented rice is also beneficial for decreasing blood pressure, preventing osteoporosis, and lowering blood sugar. This article reviews recent advances in its non-anti-hyperlipemic effects and their potential mechanisms.

Objective To give nutritional evaluation in diabetic patients.Methods The human body measurements,biochemical tests,NSR2002 of 109 patients with diabetes mellitus were used for nutritional assessment and risk screening,and were analyzed for its clinical application.Results Diabetes prevalence rate of malnutrition assessed by NRS2002 was 17.4%.Low birth weight assessed by BMI was 4.6%.BMI of patients with diabetes and normal nutrition was higher than normal value,and there was a significant difference(P

Objective To analyse effect of different dose of sustained-release theophyline on prealbumin, C-reactive protein and white blood cell count in patients with pediatric asthma.Methods 58 children with acute asthma attack in our hospital were collected.All children were randomly divided into high dose group and low dose group,29 cases in each group.On the basis of conventional treatment, high dose group were treated with high dose theophylline sustained release tablets 5 mg/kg, one times per eight hours,orally,and low dose group was treated with low dose theophylline sustained release tablets,2 mg/kg, one times per eight hours,orally.Two groups were treatment for two weeks.After the treatment, the serum levels of pre albumin, C-reactive protein and veinal blood level of white blood cell count were detected in all children.Results Compared with high dose group post-treatment, the serum level PA was higher in low dose group (P<0.05);the serum level of CRP was lower in low dose group (P<0.05);the veinal blood level of WBC, percentage of neutrophils and percentage of eosinophils was lower in low dose group (P<0.05) .Conclusion Compared with high dose of sustained-release theophyline,the low dose of sustained-release theophyline can significantly reduce the serum CRP level and veinal blood level of WBC, percentage of neutrophils and percentage of eosinophils, improve serum PA level in patients with pediatric asthma, reduce inflammation in patients.

0.05).CONCLUSION:The critical twinkle visual frequency of red light in normal persons is higher than that in schizophrenia patients and alcoholism patients.And the critical twinkle visual frequency in alcoholism patients is a little lower than that in schizophrenia patients.

Alpha-lipoic acid is a potent antioxidant.Its protective effects on oxidative stress induced by diabetes and othe factors are mainly achieved via its antioxidant property.Such effects have been observed in cardiovascular system,kidney,and liver.This article reviews the recent advances in the anti-oxidation mechanisms and protective effects of alpha-lipoic acid in peripheral organs.

Objective To observe the effects of lanthanum on learning and memory,and explore the corresponding mechanism on the basis of the levels of excitatory amino acids and calcium homeostasis of cerebral cortex in rats.Methods Forty female Wistar rats were randomly divided into control,low-,moderate-and high-dose lanthanum groups(ten rats in each group).The offspring of lanthanum exposure groups were administrated with lanthanum from weaning for one month.The capability of learning and memory was measured by neuroethology testing.The levels of excitatory amino acids,intracellular calcium ion and Nissl body expression of cerebral cortex were also detected.Results The capabilities of learning and memory in lanthanum exposure groups were significantly lower compared with the control,with a dose-dependent manner.The levels of glutamate and intracellular calcium ion of cerebral cortex in low-and moderate-dose group were significantly higher than those in controls,and the levels of glutamate,aspartate and intracellular calcium ion of cerebral cortex in high-dose group were increased significantly as compared with the control group,low dose group and moderate dose lanthanum group.Besides,Nissl body expression of cerebral cortex in low-dose group was lower than that in control group,and the levels of Nissl body expression of cerebral cortex in middle dose lanthanum group and high dose groups decreased further.Conclusion The increased levels of excitatory amino acids,calcium homeostasis unbalance and cellular injuries in cerebral cortex may be involved in lower capacity of learning and memory in the rats exposed to lanthanum.

Objective This study assessed whether the best overall response rate(ORR) of cetuximab combined with oxaliplatin,leucovorin and fluorouracil/Xeloda was superior to that of this method alone as first-line treatment for metastatic colorectal cancer.The influence of KRAS mutation status was investigated.Methods Patients received cetuximab(400mg/m2 initial dose followed by 250mg/m2,wk thereafter)less than 2 times plus chemotherapy(oxaliplatin 130mg/m2 on day 1,plus leucovorin 200mg/m2 and fluorouracil as a 400mg/m2 bolus followed by a 600mg/m2 infusion during 22 hours on days 1 and 2) or chemotherapy alone.Treatment was continued until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.KRAS mutation status was assessed in the subset of patients with assessable tumor samples.Results The confirmed ORR for cetuximab plus oxaliplatin,leucovorin and fluorouracil/Xeloda was higher than that with alone(42.86% vs 21.74%).A statistically significant increase in the odds for a response with the addition of cetuximab to oxaliplatin,leucovorin and fluorouracil/Xeloda could be established.In patients with KRAS wild-type tumors,the addition of cetuximab to oxaliplatin,leucovorin and fluorouracil/Xeloda was associated with a clinically significant increased chance of response(ORR 54.55% vs 21.74%) and a lower risk as compared with chemothrapy alone.Cetuximab plus oxaliplatin,leucovorin and fluorouracil/Xeloda was generally well tolerated.Conclusion The clinical effcacy of chemothrapy(oxaliplatin,leucovorin and fluorouracil/Xeloda) plus cetuximab is better than only chemothrapy.KRAS mutational status was shown to be a highly predictive selection criterion in the treatment decision regarding the addition of cetuximab to oxaliplatin,leucovorin and fluorouracil/Xeloda for previously untreated patients with metastatic colorectal cancer.

Objective To explore the effects of oxidative stress and pulmonary vascular permeability on lung injury in rats treated with sodium cyanide(NaCN) and /or hypobaric hypoxia.Methods A total of 72 male SD rats were randomly divided into 2 groups: the NaCN intoxicated group in 308m altitude and the hypobaric hypoxia combined NaCN intoxicated group in 4 000m high altitude.The animals for the experiment of hypoxia were processed in an artificial hypobaric chamber to simulate the designated high altitude hypoxia(4 000m,61kPa).NaCN was injected subcutaneously to the rats in the both groups at the dosage of 3.6mg/kg.Broncho-alveolar lavage fluid(BALF) and lung tissues were prepared at the time points of 0,0.5,1.0,2.0,4.0 and 6.0h.The activity of SOD,GSH-PX,ACE,LDH,AKP and the content of MDA,GSH,Evan's blue(EB) were detected by spectrophotometric method.Results Combined acute hypobaric hypoxia and NaCN intoxication produced a significant increasing effect on EB content in the rats.The activity of ACE,LDH and AKP in BALF,and the contents of MDA in BALF and lung tissue reached the highest value at 0.5h preparation at the combined hypobaric hypoxia and NaCN intoxicated group,but they were still higher than that of control group(NaCN intoxicated only);correspondingly the activity of SOD,GSH-PX,content of GSH in lung tissue and BALF reached the lowest value at 0.5h preparation at the combined hypobaric hypoxia and NaCN intoxicated group,but they were still lower than that of control NaCN intoxicated group.Conclusion The results suggest that under the condition of hypoxia,NaCN intoxication may produce severe harmful effects on the lungs,increase the pulmonary vascular permeability,and cause severe interference on to the oxidative stress level.

Objective To analyse correlated risk factors of evolving cerebral infarction(ECI).Methods The follow data was recorded in the acute cerebral infarction (ACI)cases when they were admitted :sex,age,systolic blood pressure(SBP),diastolic blood pressure(DBP),history of disease (diabetes mellitus,hypertension,hyperlipidaemia,cerebral infarction,hyperuricemia or smoking).The following examinations or determinations were done,including:white blood cell count (WBC),platelet count (PLT),blood gluconate(GLU),PT-INR,fibrinogen(FG),TT-INR,APTT-INR,C-reactive protein(CRP),D-dimer(D-D),products of fibrin degradation(FDP),anti-thrombin Ⅲ(ATⅢ),apolipoprotein A(apoA),apolipoprotein B(apoB),blood urea nitrogen(BUN),creatinine(CR),triglyceride (TG),high density lipoprotein (HDL),low density lipoprotein (LDL),very low density lipoprotein (VLDL),GOT,lactate dehydrogenase(LDH),creatine phosphokinase (CPK),MB isoforms of creatine phosphokinase (CPK-MB),? hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase (?-HBDH),troponin I(TnI),cerebral CT or MRI and carotid ultrasonography.The patients were divided into two groups,ECI and completed cerebral infarction (CCI),according whether neurons function scale deteriorated.When cases of both groups exceeded 50,we took statistic test by SPSS10.0 statistic software.Results 8 of the above 46 markers had significant defference between the two groups,including CRP,WBC,apoB,GLU,LDH,CPK-MB,?-HBDH and DBP.ECI was more common in patients who had lower DBP or higher CRP,WBC,apoB,GLU,LDH,CPK-MB,?-HBDH when they were admitted.Conclusion The increase of CRP,WBC,apoB,GLU,LDH,CPK-MB,?-HBDH or decrease of DBP when patients are admitted can be predictive markers of ECI.