0.05)in cell volume between the experimental group and control group after exposured in hypertonic NaCl saline for 15 minutes. Compared with the control level,after 60 minutes and 1 day all astrocytes shrunk significantly, (P0.05). Conclusion:Astrocytes can restore their cell volume following exposition in hypertonic saline.

0.05). The cell volume of astrocytes was not significantly changed after exposition to hypertonic-hyperoncotic solution for 15 minutes. After 60 minutes all astrocytes shrunk significantly until 1 day later. 7 days later,their volumes restored to the value in control group. Conclusion: The hippocampal neuroncs have not the autoregulative ability of the cellular volume. but astrocytes have after exposition to hypertonic-hyperoncotic solution for 15 min: the volume of both cells 7 days later can restore to the previous value.

Intracerebral vessels from 10 hemispheres of children were perfused with ABS and observed under the 6212-Ⅲ surgical microscope and TSM-Ⅰ scanning electron microscope.1. The arterial network of the pia mater shows irregular anastomoses. Many terminal branches in the meshwork do not form anastomosis but perforate into the brain tissue at right angle. Most of the points where the arteries perforate are longit udinally arranged along the gyri.2. The venous network of the pia mater usually lies deeper than the arteries and becomes superficial to the latter after joining together to form larger vessels.3. The cortical arteries have an average diameter of 44.3?m. They are densely distributed like hairs of a brush.4. The tributaries of the cortical veins join to form larger veins assuming the shape of an inverted fir tree.5. The medullary arteries are different in length and in diameter. The diameter averages 158.2?m. The arteries perforating through the top of the gyrus are straight but those from the sulcus bend to a certain degree after they pass through the cortex. Branches from the middle segments come out vertically and form "T"-shape branches. The deep segments send out branches like the roots of a tree and form widespread anastomoses with the central arteries. Wavy, tortuous medullary arteries can be also found. The casts of these arteries were observed under the SEM.The medullary veins and central arteries have been studied and described microanatomically.

Objective To observe and analyze the four changes of plasma D- dimer and coagulation in pregnant women at different stages of pregnancy, and to explore the value of the test. Methods The subjects of this study were 120 pregnant women who underwent routine physical examination in our hospital, according to different stages of pregnancy (early pregnancy, middle pregnancy, late pregnancy, and before delivery) Four D- dimer and four blood coagulation tests were performed in pregnant women, and the results were observed and compared. Results During the pregnancy, D- dimer has increase trend (P<0.05); early in pregnancy, pregnancy and late pregnancy, PT has shortened(P<0.05); pregnancy, APTT has shortened (P<0.05), at the end of pregnancy and parturient period, showing a significant shortening (P<0.05); phenomenon in early pregnancy to mid pregnancy stage, FIB increased significantly (P<0.05), and at the end of pregnancy to perinatal period, with a sharp increase (P<0.05). Conclusion It is of great significance to perform dynamic monitoring of of plasma D- dimer and coagulation four indices in pregnant women during pregnancy.

To investigate the mechanism of lead biosorption and biotransformation in lead-resistant bacteria in microcosmic scale, synchrotron radiation micro X-ray fluorescence (μ-SRXRF ) and X-ray absorption near edge structure ( XANES) was used to determine the element distribution characteristics and speciation of lead ( Pb) in lead-resistant bacteria strain isolated from farmland soil samples taken from a lead-zinc mine in Lanping county, Yunnan province in China. The isolated species was identified to be Arthrobacter sp. The concentration of Pb biosorpted in lead-resistant bacteria was directly determined byμ-SRXRF, and the results showed that the highest concentration was 5925μg/g and the bioaccumulate factor was 14 . 8 . Speciation of Pb in lead-resistant bacteria B2, LB ( Lysogeny Broth) medium and soil were also presented after using Pb LⅢXANES. Compared with Pb LⅢ XANES peak shape and peak position between standard samples, it was demonstrated that the Pb in lead-resistant bacteria was mainly formed by amorphous forms like PbS (58. 0%), (C17H35COO)2Pb (22. 2%), Pb5(PO4)3Cl (19. 8%) rather than organic Pb speciation which was exist in LB medium. Therefore, the isolated lead-resistant bacteria could biotransform Pb to sulfuric compounds. The biotransformation regular could be of great interest for other investigators as reference in study of bioavailability impact factor of heavy metals.

Chinese medicine (CM) develops with the survival, reproduction, growth, and progressing of the Chinese nation. Scientific technologies not only promote continual progressing of human societies, but also provide new ideas and methods for the development of CM. In recent years, great changes have taken place in CM complying with developing modern scientific technologies, mainly manifested in the depth of CM theories at molecular levels, the combination of syndrome differentiation and disease identification, continuous innovation and development of clinical diagnosis and treatment techniques, diversified dosages of Chinese materia medica, the academic tendency of education patterns, occupational refinement, diversified medical practice modes, and so on.
Humans ; Industrial Development ; Materia Medica ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; trends ; Reproduction

Adenocarcinoma, Papillary ; diagnosis ; metabolism ; Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal ; diagnosis ; metabolism ; Cystadenoma, Mucinous ; diagnosis ; metabolism ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Humans ; Mucins ; classification ; genetics ; metabolism ; Pancreas ; metabolism ; Pancreatic Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; metabolism

Animals ; Cardiovascular System ; physiopathology ; Fatigue ; drug therapy ; Mice ; Oxidative Stress ; Periplaneta ; chemistry ; Physical Conditioning, Animal

Objective To investigate the cognitive behavioral characteristic longitudinally of the patients after subcortical infarction engaged in feature and binding working memory tasks.Methods The behavioral performances were recorded from 28 patients after subcortical infarction at the 1 st week (W1),3 rd moth (M3) and 6th month (M6) while performing color,location,and color-location binding delayed match-to-sample working memory task.25 healthy volunteers(controls) were investigated once using the same task protocol during the study period.Computer recorded the behavior reaction time and accuracy.Single factor variant analysis of repeated measurement was adopted.Results The accuracy of three memory tasks of M3 ((64.92 ± 5.47) ％ ; (92.88 ± 2.98) ％ ;(82.35 ±7.44)％) was improved than that of W1 ((61.06 ±7.78)％; (90.59 ±2.95)％; (77.06 ±5.58) ％) and the difference had statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05).But the reaction time of M3 ((868.31 ±118.91)ms; (833.37 ± 120.99) ms; (918.72 ± 101.28) ms) was shortened than that of W1 ((914.02 ±110.53) ms; (859.89 ± 139.94) ms; (1150.17 ± 92.02) ms) and the difference also had statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05).In the location-memory task,the correct rate of M6 ((93.91 ± 2.86) ％) was improved than that of M3 ((92.88 ± 2.98) ％) and the reaction time of M6 ((813.24 ± 119.54) ms) was shortened than M3 ((833.37 ±120.99) ms).M6 and M3 to be compared in the color memory task,the correct rate ((64.50 ± 4.49) ％ ; (64.92 ± 5.47) ％) and the reaction time ((866.47 ± 123.87) ms; (868.31 ± 118.91) ms) had no significant difference (P ＜ 0.05).But in the color-location binding task,the correct rate of M6 ((78.49 ± 7.85) ％) and M3 ((82.35 ± 7.44)％) to be compared had significant decreased nearly the level ((77.06 ± 5.58)％) of the stroke beginning.All behavioral performances of patients were worse than that of control subjects except the compare result of location-memory task in M6((93.91 ± 2.86) ％ ; (813.24 ± 119.54) ms).Conclusion Feature memory and binding memory had been damaged in different degrees in the patient after subcortical infarction.The binding memory had the secondary damage what might be related to the secondary nerve fiber degeneration after infarction.

For the study of venae cerebri profundae of the Chinese, 50 previously fixed adult cerebral hemispheres and 11 brains of the newborn were investigated. The adult cerebral hemispheres were dissected under the stereoscopic microscope. All the 11 brains of the newborn were treated within 24 hours after death. Six percent gelatin solution containing 6% vermilion was injected into arteria carotis interna while a mixture of Indian ink with 3% gelatin was injected into vena jugularis interna. The specimens were fixed, sectioned into slices of 1～3 mm thick, cleared and observed under stereoscopic microscope. The findings were summarized as follows:1. vena cerebri interna was mostly formed by the continuation of v. thalamostriata superior after it curved inward and backward. In 38.00%?6.86 of the cases it united with v. choroidea superior and v. septi pellucidi at the site of the curvature. In 32.00%?6.6 it didn't receive any veins. In 12.00%?4.60 it united with v. septi pellucidi and 80.00%?3.84 with v. choroidea superior, while other occurrences were rare.In 80.00%?5.66 of the cases, Vena cerebri interna took its course at the posterior margin of the interventricular foramen. The rest started at the anterior one third (12.00%?4.60)and middle one third (8.00%?3.84) of the thalamus respectively.The source, position and course of v. thalamostriata superior, v. choroidea superior, v. septi pellucidi and v. ventriculi lateralis medialis were observed and described.2. v. basalis was formed by the union of the v. cerebri anterior, v. cerebri media profunda and v. ventricularis lateralis inferior. 70% of v. cerebri anterior emptied into v. basalis whereas the other 30% into the adjacent venous sinuses. v. cerebri media profundae, most of which received vv. thalamostriata inferior, emptied into v. basalis in 68.00%?6.60 cases and the adjacent venous sinuses in 32.00%?6.60 v. ventricularis lateralis inferior emptied into v. basalis in 96.00%?2.77 cases and into v. cerebri magna in 2.00%?1.98, while in 2.00%?1.98 it was absent.3. The longitudinal anastomotic vein. was formed by the "T" shaped bifurcations of the small branches of v. thalamostriata superior, v. septi pellucidi and v. ventricularis lateralis medialis in the white matter within an area of 2 mm by the lateral angle of the lateral ventricle. It received numerous radially arranged small veins in the medulla of the cerebral hemisphere. The longer ones of these veins might extend to the cortex and anastomoses between them and superficial cortical veins were demonstrated.