This paper discussed multiple teaching methods used in classroom instruction which are used for Medicianl Chemistry Education of Preclinical Medicine Graduate Students,which were proved to be effective.

Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Indoles ; therapeutic use ; Liver Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pyrroles ; therapeutic use

Objective To investigate the pathogenesis of cerebral watershed infarction (CWI) through analyzing the appearance examined by Color duplex Imaging(CDI) and transcranial doppler (TCD).Methods One hundred and forty-two patients with CWI diagnosed by magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) were enrolled in the study group and 150 patients with acute cerebral infarction were enrolled in the control group.The results of CDI and TCD were retrospectively analyzed of the two groups.The vascular stenosis,plaque detection rate,plaque characteration,plaque scores,the cause of low blood volume,intracranial collateral circulation were compared between the two groups to investigate the pathogenesis of CWI.Results Among the 142 cases in the study group,there were 72 cases of severe stenosis and occlusion,21 cases of moderate stenosis,31 cases of mild stenosis and 18 cases without stenosis and there were 19 cases of severe stenosis and occlusion,41 cases of moderate stenosis,23 cases of mild stenosis and 67 cases without stenosis among the 150 cases in the control group.There were significant differences in the two groups (x2 =66.583,P =0.000).There were significant differences on the plaque detection rate between the two groups (80.99％ (115/142) vs 49.33％ (74/150),x2 =32.010,P =0.000).There were significant differences on the scores of plaque between the study group and the control group ((11.47 ± 3.78) points vs (6.57 ± 3.53) points,t =4.019,P =0.001).There were significant differences on the defined cause of low blood volume between the study group and the control group (54.93％ (78/142) vs 11.33％ (17/150),x2 =63.164,P =0.000).There were 50 patients had collateral circulation in the study group and 38 cases in the control group,there were no significant differences between the two groups (35.31％ (50/142) vs 25.33％ (38/150),x2 =3.381,P =0.066).Conclusion Angiostegnosis,microemboli from the unstable atherosclerosis plaque,lower perfusion on the basis of hypovolemia are all the pathogenesis of CWI.CDI combine with TCD can provide more information in vascular evaluation and treatment.

Objective To.investigate the accuracy and reliability of monocyte count of three methods.Methods The specimens classified by blood cell analyzer WBC monocytes ＜ 15％,15％-20％,＞ 20％ were taken randomly,draw 20 μ l after mixing,put in monocyte direct count dilution and count,and underwent routine smear,stained by Swiss-Gibbs and manual classified by microscope,and then compared the results of the three methods.Collected one copy each of the high,medium and low proportion of monocytes specimens,and counted 30 times by the three counting method.Results Blood cell analyzer in WBC monocytes 15％-20％,＞ 20％ had poor correlation with the results of the other two methods.Repeatability comparison of three methods,medium and low sample were better with method 1 and 2,high value sample was good with method 3.Conclusion The specimens of monocytes ≥ 15％,especially scatter plot is abnormal,must be confirmed by microscopic examination.

Objective:To evaluate curative impact of booster immunization with paternal lymphocytes on recurrent spontaneous abortors(RSA)with less reaction of primary patermal lymphocyte immunization.Methods:RSA patients with insufficient materno-fetal immuno-recognition were selected by flow cytometry of blocking antibody analysis and immunized with either induced paternal lymphocytes pretreated by IFN-? in vitro to those of anti-CD3-BE and anti-CD4-BE Ab lower than 0% or direct intradermal vaccination with their paternal lymphocytes without IFN-? pretreatment to those of anti-CD3-BE Ab beyond 0%.Reassessment of blocking antibodies was performed at the end of the second immnunization course.Results:Levels of blocking antibodies were significantly raised after the secondary booster immunization in RSA with insufficient materno-fetal immnuno-recognition whose blocking antibodies continuously decreased after being treated by the primary paternal lymphocyte immunization.No improvement of parameters was observed except the blocking effect in patients receiving secondary direct intradermal vaccination treatment.Conclusion:It is necessary for the RSA with insufficient materno-fetal immuno-recognition to experience secondary booster immunization preferably with paternal lymphocytes pretreated by IFN-? in vitro.

Objective To study the effec of nursing intervention on the quality of life in convalescent schizophrenia patients. Method 80 patients with schizophrenia were divided into observed group (n=40) and control group (n=40).The patients in observe group received nursing intervention.Patients were evaluated by Positive and Negative Symptoms Scale (PANSS) and General Quality of Life Inventory (GQOLI) at the time of beginning the trial and after half of a year of the intervention respectively. Results After the nursing intervention,the PANSS scores in observe group are significant lower than those of control group (P

Objective To examine the number of fetal nucleated red blood cell (NRBC) in maternal blood and placenta tissue in fetal growth restriction(FGR) pregnancies. Methods 20 women of 28-36 weeks' gestation at age of 21~30(including 9 FGR pregnancies)were chosen. Fetal cells were isolated from maternal blood with discontinuous density gradient centrifugation. The isolated cells were made smear and counted under the microscope; After delivery, the placenta tissue were made into sections and also counted under the microscope; To determine the origin of the NRBC , the single NRBC was analysed by primer extension preamplification (PEP) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results The number of NRBC in 9 FGR pregnancy women's peripheral blood ranged from 12/7 ml~40/7 ml,(average 22.6/7 ml). The number of NRBC in the control pregnancies ranged from 0/7 ml~10/7 ml, (average 5.4/7 ml). Significant difference was shown between the two groups; The number of NRBC in 9 FGR pregnancy women's placenta tissue was significantly higher than the median value in the control pregnancies (2.8/20HP compared with 0.6/20HP, P

Objective To investigate the difference between two substrains,5-8F and 6-10B,of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell line SUNE1on expressing metastasis-associated gene 1 (MTA1),and evaluate the silencing effect of lentivirus-mediated RNA interference (RNAi) on MTA1 in human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell line.Methods The differential expression of MTA1 mRNA and MTA1 protein in 5-8F and 6-10B cell lines were detected by real time PCR and Western blotting respectively.Short interference RNA (siRNA) fragment targeting MTA1 gene was designed using online databases and software.A specific RNAi lentiviral vector targeting human MTA1 gene was constructed and transfected into nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell line 5-8F.Real time PCR and Western blotting were performed to detect the expressive changes in MTA1 mRNA and MTA1 protein in the transfected 5-8F cells respectively.Results Compared with cell line 6-10B,the expressions of MTA1 mRNA and MTA1 protein were higher in 5-8F cell line.Sequence analysis validated the correct insert of siRNA targeting MTA1 gene into the lentiviral vector.Real time PCR and Western blotting results showed that the expressions of MTA1 mRNA and MTA1 protein in 5-8F cell lines were down-regulated significantly after siRNA transfection.Conclusions MTA1 may promote the malignant transformation and enhance the metastatic potential of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell lines.The expression of MTA1 in 5-8F cells can be inhibited effectively by MTA1-specific siRNA expression lentiviral vector,which provides a valuable tool for investigating the role of MTA1 gene in the carcinogenesis and progression of nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Objective To observe the effect of blood-cooling and blood-stasis-removing Decoction on anti-double-strain DNA ( anti-dsDNA) antibody, anti-nucleosome antibody ( AnuA) and serum levels of interleukin ( IL) -6, 17, 21 in spontaneous systemic lupus erythematosus ( SLE) MRL/lpr experimental rats. Methods The experimental rats were divided into blank control group, model group, and high- and low- dose Chinese medicine groups ( 25.2, 12.6 g/kg respectively) , the treatment lasting 8 weeks. At the end of the experiment, the blood taken from the orbital veins was separated for obtaining serum, and then the serum anti-dsDNA antibody, AnuA, IL-6,17,21 levels were tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay ( ELISA). Results The serum autoantibody and IL-6, 17, 21 levels of rats in the model group were increased significantly as compared with the blank control group ( P<0.01). The serum antibody and cytokine levels of Chinese medicine groups were reduced as compared with the model group, the difference between high-dose Chinese medicine group and model group being significant ( P<0.01). Conclusion Blood-cooling and blood-stasis-removing Decoction has certain effect on reducing the serum levels of anti-dsDNA antibody, AnuA, and IL-6,17,21, which may coniribute to one of its therapeutic mechanisms for SLE.

Objective:To study the effect of calcium sodium phosphosilicate(CSP)on the enamel remineralization of primary teeth. Methods:30 extracted human healthy primary molars were collected.Each tooth was cut bucco-lingually and mesial-distally into 4 sections.The sections were assigned randomly into 4 groups(n =30).Demineralization and remineralization cyclic model was estab-lished by etching with 35% phosphate acid for 2 min and then treated by unexposure of the sample to nothing(control,group A),so-dium monofluorophosphat(MFP,group B),CSP(group C)and MFP +CSP(group D).The cyclic was repeated twice daily for 30 d. The enamel surface morphology was observed by SEM and the surface microhardness(SMH)was measured.Results:On the tenth day,squamous morphology was observed on the enamel surface of group A and that of group D appeared less demineralization.The SMH value of group D was significant higher than that of group A(P <0.05).On the thirtieth day,obvious demineralization was ob-served in group A.Group B,C and D appeared surface remineralization.The SMH value of group B,C and D was significant higher than that of group A(P <0.05).Highest SMH value was achieved in group D.Conclusion:CSP combined with fluoride is more ef-fective in the enamel remineralization of primary teeth than the single application of them.