With the development of the medical imaging and computer aided technology,the trend of the medical imag es visualization from2D to3D is focused.This paper introduces the methods and ke y technology of3D medical images visualization,and discusses its applications to medical diagnoses and clinic therapy.There is a promising direction in the fiel ds of virtual endoscope,computer assisted operation and long-distance operation.

Objective To investigate the current policy of medical insurance expenditure control in Shanghai and put forward feasible advice. Methods Survey in 5 tertiary first-class hospitals in Shanghai involving 400 doctors and patients was conducted.The result of the questionnaire was tracked with Microsoft Excel 2000.The expense reports during 2001 to 2006 from the Office of Medical Insurance of Shanghai Renji Hospital was collected.All the data were statistically analysed. Results The global budget system was accepted by both the doctors and patients.Charging based on disease categories was proved a relatively satisfying method.Drug expenditure control was concerned by both the doctors and patients. Conclusion Ever since the global budget system of medical insurance is implemented in Shanghai,the medical insurance expenditure has been effectively controlled.The key point is the restraint of irrational consumption during the medical treatment.

Objective To analyse the distribution characteristics of negative pattern of hepatitis B virus Markers (HBV‐M ) in healthy population in Hangzhou district in 2014 ,and provide strategy for the prevention and control of HBV infection in HBV‐M negative population .Methods The HBV‐M (HBsAg ,HBsAb ,HBeAg ,HBeAb and HBcAb) in blood specimens of health examina‐tion population were tested by using ELISA .For 300 cases preserved HBV‐M negative specimens ,HBsAg and HBsAb were detec‐ted by using chemiluminescence immunoassay and HBV‐DNA was detected by using PROCLEIX ULTRIO? Assay .The viral load of HBV‐DNA reactive sample was quantitatively determined .Results Among 9 143 blood samples ,2 213 samples were HBV‐M negative ,and the negative rate was 24 .20% .The negative rate of male to female was 1∶1 .21 .Using chemiluminescence immunoas‐says and PROCLEIX ULTRIO? Assay simultaneously ,we found one case of low concentration of HBsAg(both HBsAb and HBV DNA nonreactive) ,four cases of low concentration of HBsAb(both HBsAg and HBV DNA nonreactive) ,two cases of HBV‐DNA reactive(HBV‐M negative) .One HBV‐DNA reactive sample could be quantified as 560 IU/mL .Conclusion In HBV‐M (ELISA) negative population of health examination of Hangzhou district ,a few subjects had low concentrations of HBsAg or HBsAb or HBV‐DNA .For HBV‐M negative population ,quantitative detection of HBV‐M and HBV‐DNA before HBV vaccination is recom‐mended to determine w hether they need HBV vaccine and the HBV vaccination plan .

Objective: To establish a HPLC method for the determination of ginsenoside Re、Rg1 in Yianhuisheng Oral Liquor(Radix Ginseng Rubra, Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata, Scorpio etc.) Methods: RP-HPLC was used to quantitative analysis. The Synchropak C 4 column (250mm?4.6mm, 5?m) was used, and mobile phase was composed of acetonitrile-0.05% H 3PO 4(18∶82). Detection wavelength was at 203nm, the flow rate was 1.0 mL?min -1 , the injection volume of sample was 10?L and of reference 8?L. Results: The linear response range from 0.432 ～3.456?g of Re(r=0.9992, n=5), 0.360～2.88?g of Rg1(r=0.9998, n=5), respectively. The recovery of Re: 97.0%, RSD=1.4%, the recovery of Rg1: 96.8%, RSD:=1.1%, respectively. Conclusion: The method was proved to be simple, rapid, accurate and reproducible, and suitable for content determination of the oral liquor.

ObjectiveTo develop the manipulation and scoring system of Loewenstein Occupational Therapy Cognitive Assessment (LOTCA) into a Chinese software.MethodsThe manual manipulation and scoring system of LOTCA was developed into a technological procedure and changed into primary product of software through conforming computer programs such as Basic, C, C++ and Flash Maker. The primary product was tested in clinic and feedback suggestions were collected. The questions found during assessment and items with reliability and validity not satisfied were optimized.ResultsThe Chinese software of LOTCA, including mandarin and Cantonese, composed manipulation system, scoring system, administer system and affiliated system. It could run on systems of Windows 2000 and Windows XP.ConclusionThe Chinese software of LOTCA is objective, standard and convenient for clinic.

In order to identify host factors which interact with the movement protein (MP) of Apple chlorotic leaf spot virus (ACLSV), ACLSV MP was cloned into the bait vector pGBKT7 and used to screen a cDNA library of Malus sylvestris cv. R12740-7A, which had previously been constructed by yeast two-hybrid sequencing transformation. The protein functions of the identified host factors were determined according to their gene annotations in GenBank. The result showed that the bait plasmid pGBKT7-MP showed no virulence or self-activating effect on yeast strain Y2H Gold. Sixty-nine interactor proteins were identified, which were divided into the following 10 classes according to their described functions: hydrolases; pathogenesis-related proteins; DNA binding proteins; phosphatases; ligases; proteins with catalytic activity; phenylalanine ammonialyases; peroxidases; NAD binding proteins; and proteins of unknown function. Bioinformatic analysis of gene homology suggested that phosphatases, pathogenesis-related proteins and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase A may play an important role in the interaction between virus and host. This study may provide a theoretical basis for the further study of viral pathogenesis and virus-host interaction mechanisms.
Flexiviridae ; genetics ; metabolism ; Malus ; genetics ; metabolism ; virology ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Plant Diseases ; genetics ; virology ; Plant Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Plant Viral Movement Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Protein Binding ; Two-Hybrid System Techniques

Adolescent ; Adult ; Dimethylformamide ; adverse effects ; Female ; Humans ; Kidney ; drug effects ; physiopathology ; Lipid Metabolism ; drug effects ; Liver ; drug effects ; physiopathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Occupational Exposure ; adverse effects ; Young Adult

Acupuncture Therapy ; Adult ; Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic ; therapeutic use ; Clomipramine ; therapeutic use ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Electroacupuncture ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Obsessive Behavior ; therapy

Dissent and Disputes ; Humans ; Occupational Diseases ; diagnosis

Objective To explore the relationship between peripheral Th17 cell number and chronic gastritis in Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)-infected children.Methods Children were diagnosed as chronic gastritis by endoscopy.The degree and activity of inflammation were graded by histopathology examinations.The patients with both 13C urea breath test and urease test positive were diagnosed as H.pylori infection.The peripheral Th17 cell number was measured by flow cytometry and expressed as a ratio to total T cell.Results The Th17 cell number in HP group (chronic gastritis with H.pylori infection,n =33),non-HP group (chronic gastritis without H.pylori infection,n =24) and normal controls (n =15) were (1.55 ±0.30)％,(1.06 ±0.33)％,and (1.04 ±0.35)％,respectively.HP group included a statistically higher Th17 cell number than the other groups (all P ＜ 0.05),while no obvious difference was found between non-HP group and controls (P ＞ 0.05).According to the degree of inflammation,the chronic gastritis with H.pylori infection was categorized into non-apparent (n =10),mild (n =8),moderate (n =9) and severe (n =6) subgroups.The Th17 cell number in each subgroup was (1.64 ± 0.21)％ (non-apparent),(1.61 ± 0.23)％(mild),(1.25 ± 0.29) ％ (moderate) and (1.75 ± 0.20) ％ (severe),respectively.The moderate group had a lowest Th17 cell number among 4 groups (P ＜ 0.05).And significant differences did not exit in the other 3 groups (P ＞ 0.05).The HP group patients with different inflammatory activity had a Th17 cell number of (1.23 ±0.25)％ in nonapparent (n=15),(1.53 ±0.15)％ in mild (n=6),(1.55 ±0.32)％ in moderate (n=6) and (1.71 ±0.35)％ in severe (n =6) subgroup,respectively.However,there were no significant differences among 4 subgroups (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions In the progress of chronic gastritis with H.pylori infection,Th17 cells may play a role as a double-edged sword by protecting and fighting against H.pylori infection and immunopathologic insults.This would provide more insights into the treatment of H.pylori infection.