Objective: To discover and prevent diabetes early in high-risk group. Methods:Chose 323 records of type 2 diabetes or IFG,IGT patients with first course which come from a large hospital in Lanzhou between 2009 January to 2014 March; Use Apriori algorithm and the SPSS Clementine 12 software design;Set up prediction model of type 2 diabetes. Results:A total of 10 strong association rules are formed. The strong association rules contain some associations between factors and type 2 diabetes. Conclusion: Through the association rules, the initial judgment on the high-risk group of diabetes is simple and accurate.

Objective To evaluate the susceptibility of itraconazole-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus isolates to four other antifungal drugs.Methods Six strains of Aspergillus fumigatus were serially isolated from a patient with lung aspergilloma,who was resistant to itraconazole therapy.Clinical Laboratory Stan- dard Institute broth microdilution method M38-A and E-test were applied to test the susceptibility of A.fumi- gatus strains to amphotericin B,itraconazole,voriconazole,caspofungin and micafungin.Results With M38-A method,the minimal inhibitory concentration(MIC)of itraconazole was 0.5?g/mL for 2 strains and more than 16?g/mL for the other 4 strains;the MICs of amphotericin B and voriconazole were 1?g/mL and 0.25-1?g/mL respectively for all the 6 strains;and the minimal effective concentration(MEC)of caspofungin and micafungin were no more than 0.03?g/mL for all the 6 strains.Moreover,E-test results also revealed that caspofungin and voriconazole had a good antifungal activity against all the strains,including the 4 itraconazole-resistant ones.Conclusion The itraconazole-resistant A.fumigatus strains isolated from a patient with lung aspergilloma are susceptible to amphotericin B,voriconazole,caspofungin,and micafungin.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the effect of nasogastric decompression tube after gastric cancer operation on the postoperative recovery.

METHODSA total of 174 patients with gastric cancer were prospectively enrolled from December 2009 to March 2011 and randomly divided into non-nasogastric tube control group(n=88) and nasogastric tube group(n=86). Postoperative symptoms, complications, recovery time, and quality of life during hospital stay were compared between the two groups.

RESULTSThe incidences of nausea(14.8% vs. 47.7%, P<0.01), sore throat(6.8% vs. 38.4%, P<0.01), bucking and foreign body sensation(3.4% vs. 20.9%, P<0.01), expectoration obstruction(36.4% vs. 55.8%, P<0.05) were significantly lower in nasogastric tube group than those in the control group. The intervals to ambulation and flatus were(1.46±0.58) d and(3.11±0.77) d in the non-nasogastric tube group, significantly shorter those in nasogastric tube group[(1.68±0.61) d and(3.75±1.03) d]. There was no anastomotic leak or bowel obstruction. The difference in bleeding was not statistically significant[3.4%(3/88) vs. 5.8%(5/86), P>0.05] between the two groups. The quality of life differed between the two groups(mean score, 3.36 vs. 2.78, P<0.01).

CONCLUSIONEarly removal of nasogastric decompression tube is safe and reasonable and can improve the quality of life during hospital stay.

Humans ; Intubation, Gastrointestinal ; adverse effects ; methods ; Perioperative Period ; Postoperative Care ; Postoperative Complications ; prevention & control ; Prospective Studies ; Quality of Life ; Stomach Neoplasms ; surgery

Objective To evaluate the effect of continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) on the remove of inflammatory mediators and the function of endothelial cells in patients with multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS). Methods Thirty patients with MODS were enrolled in this study. All of the patients underwent CRRT for at least 24 hours. Peripheral blood levels of IL-1β, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, E-selectin, sVCAM-1, slCAM-1 and PAF-AH were measured at the beginning and 3, 6, 12, 24 h after initiation of CRRT. Results Nineteen patients survived after 14 days and 17 patients survived after 28 days during therapy. The clinical oxygenation and bemodynamics were improved after 6 h of CRRT. Among inflammatory mediators, the levels of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-10 rose gradually from the beginning [(462.24±331.03) ng/L, (106.39±90.82) ng/L, (124.51±118.39) ng/L), and reached the peak at 12 h [(887.88±975.46) ng/L, (132.01±118.14) ng/L, (167.01±161.66) ng/L], and the levels of IL-1β, IL-4 decreased from initiation of CRRT. But there were no significant differences in the levels of above cytokines between at the beginning and at the end of CRRT. There were significant differences in the levels of cytokines between survival and death group. The level of IL-6 in death group [(145.45±14.28) ng/L] was significantly higher than that in survival group [(106.03±10.86) ng/L]. The level of IL-10 in death group [(94.93±16.09) ng/L] was significantly lower than that in survival group [(143.06± 12.24) ng/L]. Levels of E-select, sVCAM-1 and sICAM-1 elevated from the beginning and reached the peak at 12 h, but no significant differences were found between intiation and the end of CRRT. The level of PAF-AH increased after initiation, and there was a significant difference between beginning and the end of CRRT. Levels of cytokines for endothelial cell function were significantly different, such as E-selectin [(287.13±42.70) μg/L vs (266.26±65.26) μg/L], sVCAM-I [( 1697.25± 475.24) μg/L vs (1488.10±691.67) μg/L], sICAM-1 [(975.33±142.50) μg/L vs (835.40±332.41) μg/L], and PAF-AH [(9.07±6.38 ) μg/L vs (16.32±8.95)μg/L]. Conclusions Clinical oxygenation and hemodynamics can be improved, and endothelial cell function can be improved partly by CRRT. There were no significant differences of inflammatory mediator levels between initiation and the end of CRRT. IL-6 and IL-10 can be used as predicators for prognosis of MODS patients.

Limit test of flavones in diterpene ginkgolides meglumine injection materials by UV-Vis and HPLC-DAD method was studied in this essay. The HPLC-DAD method has lower LOD (about 1% of the UV-Vis), that is, the sensitivity is higher than UV-Vis method. Through the analysis of the kinds of flavonoids ingredients in the samples by LC-MS, the three compounds with highest contents are kaempferol, quercetin and isorhamnetin. Kaempferol, quercetin and isorhamnetin were chosen as reference compounds for HPLC analysis, and the HPLC separation analysis was carried on an Agilent Eclipse plus C18 column (4.6 mm x 250 mm, 5 μm) with methanol and water containing 0.4% phosphoric acid (50: 50) as mobile phase, and the flow rate was 1.0 mL x min(-1). The detection wavelength was set at 360 nm. This method has good specificity, precision and reproducibility. The LODs of quercetin, kaempferide and isorhamnetin were 27.6, 22.3, 29.5 μg x L(-1). The average recovery was 87.9% (RSD 3.3%), 91.7% (RSD 3.1%), 88.3 (RSD 1.3%) for quercetin, kaempferide and isorhamnetin, respectively. Based on the 10 batches of sample results and sensitivity of different HPLC, the content of total flavonoids ingredients of diterpene ginkgolides meglumine injection materials was limited no more than 2 x 10(-5). This method is simple, quick and has good maneuverability, and could be used to the limit test of flavonoids in the diterpene ginkgolides meglumine injection materials.
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Diterpenes ; analysis ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; analysis ; Flavones ; analysis ; Ginkgolides ; analysis ; Limit of Detection ; Mass Spectrometry ; methods

DNA Replication ; physiology ; Epstein-Barr Virus Infections ; virology ; Herpesvirus 4, Human ; genetics ; metabolism ; physiology ; Humans

Objective To assess the treatment efficacy and safety of lanthanum carbonate (LC) in patients on maintenance hemodialysis. Methods MEDLINE (1996—2014), Embase (1974—2014.12), Pubmed (1996—2014.12), Cochrane library, Chinese Wanfang database (1996—2014.12) and CNKI (1979—2014.12) were searched. Lanthanum carbonate and hemodialysis were used as Chinese and English search terms respectively, and the articles met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were used as supplements. Quality assessment and data mining were conducted by two independent investigators who performed Meta-analysis using RevMan5.2. Results Nine trials with 2 674 participants were included in this study. The Meta-analysis showed that there were similar blood levels of calcium [WMD=-0.24,95%CI:(-0.61)-0.14, P=0.21], phosphorus [WMD=0.14,95%CI:(-0.02)-0.30,P=0.08] and phosphate control rates (RR=0.91,95%CI:0.70-1.17, P=0.44) between control group and lanthanum carbonate group. There were lower incidence rates of hypercalcemia (RR=0.17, 95%CI:0.06-0.47, P=0.000 7) and blood levels of calcium-phosphorus product [WMD=-2.17,95%CI:(-3.99)-(-0.35), P=0.02], and higher levels of parathyroid hormone (iPTH, WMD=105.69, 95%CI:70.38-141.00, P<0.000 01) and bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (BAP, WMD=6.47, 95%CI:0.43-12.50, P=0.04) in these two groups. There were no significant differences in incidence rates of gastrointestinal adverse events between two groups. Conclusion Lanthanum carbonate should be used as preferred choice of phosphate binders to control serum phosphorus in patients on maintenance hemodialysis.

ObjectiveTo investigate the spiral CT and ultrasound findings of hepatic adenoma and the value of spiral CT and ultrasound in the diagnosis of hepatic adenoma. MethodsA retrospective analysis was performed for the spiral CT and ultrasound findings of 15 patients with pathologically confirmed hepatic adenoma in Langfang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from July 2009 to December 2015. ResultsAll the 15 patients showed hypoechoic, isoechoic, or hyperechoic ultrasound findings. Seven of these patients had single hepatic adenoma. In the 7 cases, 4 had low-density lesions, 1 had a slightly low-density lesion, and 2 had equal-density lesions; as for the arterial phase, 5 showed obvious enhancement, 1 showed moderate enhancement, and 1 showed mild enhancement; as for the portal venous phase and delayed phase, 3 showed reduced enhancement, 2 had equal-density lesions, and 2 showed gradual enhancement. Eight patients experienced multiple hepatic adenoma with 80 lesions in total. In the 80 lesions, 4 lesions (3 patients) showed a mixed density, 40 lesions (4 patients) showed a low density, 36 lesions (4 patients) showed a slightly low density; 8 lesions (4 patients) showed obvious enhancement in the arterial phase and reduced enhancement in the portal venous phase and delayed phase; 3 lesions (1 patient) showed obvious enhancement in the arterial phase and an equal density in the portal venous phase and delayed phase; 18 lesions (2 patients) showed obvious enhancement in the arterial phase and portal venous phase and reduced enhancement in the delayed phase; 49 lesions (5 patients) showed moderate enhancement in the arterial phase and reduced enhancement in the portal venous phase and delayed phase; 2 lesions (1 patient) showed no enhancement in any phase. The correct rates of spiral CT in the diagnosis of single hepatic adenoma and multiple hepatic adenomas were 143%(1/7) and 87.5%(7/8), respectively. ConclusionUltrasound can only suggest space-occupying lesions, but cannot analyze the lesions qualitatively; spiral CT with three-phase enhancement scanning has a great value in the diagnosis of hepatic adenoma, especially multiple hepatic adenoma.

Andrographolide total ester sulfonate (ATES) injection is one of the products of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) currently used against viral infection in China.ATES injection was approved for manufacturing and marketing in January 2002.It is indicated for acute respiratory infections,tonsillitis,chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,influenza,foot and mouth disease,bronchiolitis,herpangina,mumps,infectious mononucleosis and psychosis.However,its usage also carries risk.We investigated the use of ATES at the Wuhan Union Hospital from January 2014 to December 2014 and evaluated its real-word clinical application using the hospital centralized monitoring method.A total of 848 cases were enrolled in this study.In these cases,it was mainly used for postoperative anti-inflammation and treating upper respiratory infection,pneumonia and bronchitis.Among them,39.86％ were contraindicated.Irregular medication of adults and children accounted for 1.91％ and 23.38％,respectively.Improper choice of solvent accounted for 3.18％.The choice of intravenous drip versus aerosol inhalation was reasonable.A case of adverse events (AEs) was observed in the monitoring period,and the incidence of adverse drug reaction (ADR) of ATES injection was 0.12％.ATES injection in our hospital is relatively safe with a low incidence of adverse reactions.The study assesses the clinical usage and adverse reactions of ATES injection,and provides suggestions for rational use in clinical practice.