Cranial Sinuses ; surgery ; Diverticulum ; complications ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Tinnitus ; etiology ; surgery

AIM: To study the effects of artemisunate on anoikis resistance in human breast cancer cells. METHODS: After breast cancer MCF-7 cells were treated with artemisunate, the growth of anchorage independence of breast cancer MCF-7 cells was examined in soft agar colony formation, and apoptosis of breast cancer were evaluated by terminal deoxynucleatidyl transferase-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate nick end labeling (TUNEL) and DNA ladder. RESULTS: Artemisunate significantly inhibited the growth of anchorage independence of breast cancer MCF-7 cells in soft agar colon formation in a dose-dependent manner. Artemisunate induced apoptosis in breast cancer cells was conformed by DNA ladder and TUNEL assay, which was in a time-and dose-dependent manner. CONCLUSION: Artemisunate inhibits the growth of anchorage independence of breast cancer MCF-7 cells, which is related to anoikis.

Objective To investigate the changes in the levels of motilin in the gastric body in a rat model of incisional pain.Methods Eighty-four healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats,weighing 180-220 g,were randomized into 2 groups (n =42 each):normal saline group (NS group) and incisional pain group (P group).In group P an 1 cm long incision was made in the plantar surface of right hindpaw under sevotlurane anesthesia.Six rats were chosen from each group and paw withdrawal threshold to mechanical stimulation (MWT) and paw withdrawal latency to nociceptive thermal stimulation (TWL) were measured at 24 h before operation (To) and 1,6,24,48 and 72 h after operation (T1-5).Six rats were chosen from each group at T0-5 and sacrificed and the gastric mucosal tissues were prepared for measurement of motilin levels by ELISA.Results Compared with group NS,MWT,TWL and motilin levels were significantly decreased at T1-4 (P ＜ 0.05) and no significant change was found at T0 and T5 in P group (P ＞ 0.05).Compared with the baseline value at To,MWT,TWL and motilin levels were significantly decreased at T1-4,and no significant change was found at T5 in group P (P ＞ 0.05).MWT,TWL and motilin levels were significantly higher at T3-T5 than at T1 in group P (P ＜ 0.05).MWT,TWL and motilin levels were increased gradually at T3-T5 in P group (P ＜ 0.05).The motilin levels were positively correlated with MWT and TWL (r =0.9597 and 0.9231,respectively,P ＜ 0.01) in group P.Conclusion The levels of motilin in the gastric body is significantly decreased in a rat model of incisional pain and the decreasing range is positively corre lated with the degree of incisional pain.

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of Typodont-based table clinic competition (TCC) on undergraduate orthodontic education. Methods Students who have finished basic orthodon-tic courses made diagnosis,treatment strategy and performed orthodontic treatment for malocclusion cases on Typodonts. A self-design questionnaire was employed to investigate their perception to this pedagogy. Results The majority of participants(82.2%-92.9%) highly evaluated Typodont-based TCC. Conclu-sions Typodont-based TCC course is conducive to arousing students' study internets and to promoting association between theory and practice.

Objective: To investigate the effect of surgical reconstruction of congenital aural atresia via tympanic antrum approach and the prevention for reatresia of the aural canal. Methods: From 1993 to 1998, 89 patients (94 ears) with congenital aural atresia were operated via tympanic antrum approach. All of them got aural canals reconstruction and tympanoplasty, including 80 ears of type Ⅱ, 11 ears of type Ⅲ and 3 ears for fenestration of inner ear. Kenacort\|A and dilator were used to prevent reastresia of the aural canals. Results: The tympanic antrums of 94 ears were encountered smoothly, and their hearings were reconstructed. The hearing improvement were found over 20dB in 80 ears (85.1%), over 25dB in 49 ears (52.1%). Kenacort\|A and dilator should be applied when the reastresia began to appear, and then the good effect could be made. Conclusion: It′s easy to master for surgical reconstruction of congenital aural atresia via tympanic antrum approach, and it also owns the characteristics of safety, save time and reliable effect. It should be managed as soon as the reastresia appears.

Objective To analyze the risk factors related to intraoperative femur fracture in hip replacement and discuss the treatment countermeasures. Methods The medical records and radiographs of 38 patients with intraoperative femur fracture who were treated at Tianjin Orthopedic Hospital from December 2002 to December 2009 were retrospectively studied. Fractures were classified according to the Amstutz system or AAOS standard and the treatment methods were selected accordingly. Reduction and fixation was performed in 25 patients including 14 patients treated with interfragmentary or cerclage fixation, five with plate fixations and six with cortical strut graft. Shank prosthesis was replaced in 12 patients. Results The mean follow up period was 4.5 years, which showed successful union of the fractures in 36 patients and delayed union in two. Replacement of the prosthesis was needed in one patient for prosthesis loosening four years postoperatively. Conclusions Osteoporosis, violence, abnormal femur canal and over large prosthesis are the main causes of intraoperative femur fracture in hip replacement.Proper selection of treatment method according to fracture types may attain fracture union with a stable implant.

ObjectiveTo study the indications and mid-term outcomes of periacetabular osteotomy on adult patients of developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH). MethodsTwenty-five adult patients with DDH underwent periacetabular osteotomies through modified Smith-Peterson approach. There were 19 females and 6 males with an average age of 25.5 years(range, 18-45). Every patient had a single dysplasia hip, including 14 hips in the left, and the other 11 in the right. Three cases were operated formerly, 2 of them received Chari osteotomy and 1 received Salter osteotomy. Before operation 13 hips were T(o)nnis Grade 0 osteoarthritis, 9 hips were Grade Ⅰ , 3 hips were Grade Ⅱ. The Shenton line of 18 hips was broken. The lateral center-edge angle was 4.57°±7.39°, the anterior center-edge angle was 0.95°±6.02°, the horizontal tilt angle was 32.50°±5.96°, the femoral head extrusion index was 38.11％±5.70％, the Harris hip score was 75.32±7.51 points. Changes of the indexes mentioned above were observed during the period of follow-up.ResultsAll patients were followed up for average 4.5 years(range, 2.0-7.5). Compared with the preoperative radiographic severity at the latest follow-up, 3 hips of T(o)nnis Grade Ⅰ improved to Grade 0, 2 hips of Grade Ⅱ improved to Grade Ⅰ, 1 hip of Grade Ⅰ changed into Grade Ⅱ. The incident of the break of Shenton line decreased to 10 hips. The lateral center-edge angle improved to 29.07°±5.81° the anterior centeredge angle improved to 29.52°±4.51°, the horizontal tilt angle decreased to 19.17°±4.95°, the femoral head extrusion index decreased to 24.20％±4.83％, the Harris hip score increased to 84.88±4.88 points. The major complication included 16 cases of lateral femoral cutaneous nerve palsy(7 cases of them didn't recover forever) and 1 case of ectopic ossification of Brooker Ⅰ . ConclusionPeriacetabular osteotomy through a modified Smith-Peterson approach were performed to the dysplasia hip of adults, it can increase congruence,improve hip function; it can also prevent subchondral sclerosis and cysts forming, preserve joint space and delay the occurrence of osteoarthritis.

Objective:In this study,a prokaryotic expression of the 3-ketosteroid-Delta (1)-dehydrogenase (KSDD) which came from Arthrobacter simplex was built.Moreover,in order to investigate the catalytic mechanism of KSDD and improve its stability,the structure of KSDD was predicted by computer and the critical sites were confirmed by site-directed mutations.Methods:The recombinant plasmid was constructed by eukaryotic expression vector pET-22b and the recombinant strain was constructed and expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3).High-performance liquid chromatography was used to determine the transformation rate of 4-AD to ADD.The KSDD structure and key sites were predicted by SWISS-MODEL.Site-directed mutations for the amino acid residues of key sites were constructed and activities of the mutations were detected.Results:The recombinant strain E.coli pET-22-ksdd was successfully constructed.It was induced to express the dehydrogenase by IPTG and the conversion rate of 4-AD to ADD was 27％ at 21 ℃.The structure of 3-ketosteroid-Delta (1)-dehydrogenase and the four key sites was analyzed by SWISS-MODEL.Four mutants,Y120R,Y320L,Y488F and G492Y were constructed.Mutants Y120R and Y488F were inactivated,so they were proved to be the key active sites of KSDD.The conversion rate of mutant Y320L was consistent with that of wild type,but the stability at 37 ℃ was improved.The conversion rate of mutant G492Y was 1.2 times of the wild type and the stability has been improved at 37 ℃.Conclusions:At present,there are few studies about the structure and catalytic mechanism of dehydrogenase.The active sites of the enzyme were verified by this study,which laid the foundation for the further study of the properties of the enzyme KSDD.

Objective To investigate the level of uncertainty of illness and social support state in patients with prediabetes,and to discuss the correlation between the two.Methods 243 cases with prediabetes were analyzed by Uncertainty in Illness Scale and Social Support Rating Scale.Results There was a middle uncertainty in the elderly patients with prediabetes.The objective support,sabjective support,social support utilization degree and social support score were negatively related to the complexity of uncertainty(r--0.419,-0.433,-0.390 and-0.421,respectively,all P＜ 0.05).Conclusions Medical staff should evaluate the uncertainty in illness in elderly patients with prediabetes and conduct nursing intervention accordingly,in order to reduce the uncertainty,increase social support,and ultimately improve the quality of life.

BACKGROUND:As the potent, specific immunosuppressants emerge, the survival rate after intestinal transplantation is improved to some extent. However, the adverse effects of immunosuppressants and expensive treatment costs are not tolerable for many patients. Therefore, it is clinical y meaningful to choose traditional Chinese medicine which presents immunosuppressive effects. Artesunate has immune suppression effect, reduces acute rejection fol owing smal intestine transplantation, and improves the success rate of smal intestine transplantation.
OBJECTIVE:To observe the effect and action mechanism of artesunate in acute rejection after smal intestine transplantation in rats.
METHODS:Al ogeneic smal intestine transplantation models were established in the closed group of
Sprague-Dawley rats and Wistar rats, and then were randomly divided into three groups, syngenic transplantation group (SD→SD), al ogeneic transplantation group (Wistar→SD), and artesunate treatment group (Wistar→SD+artesunate 60 mg/kg per day, intraperitoneal injection).
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Rats in syngenic transplantation group survived for more than 10 days and they were al kil ed on day 10. The average survival of rats in al ogeneic transplantation group and artesunate treatment group was respectively (6.73±0.58) days and (8.50±0.74) days, with significant differences between the two groups (P<0.01). Histopathological examination showed that, there was no apparent rejection in syngenic transplantation group specimens, but mild, moderate and severe rejections in al ogeneic transplantation group on days 3, 5, 7. In treatment group, some specimens had mild rejection, but appeared relatively late to a low degree. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay results revealed that, serum interleukin-2 and interferon-gamma expression levels in al ogeneic transplantation group were significantly higher than other two groups after surgery (P<0.01), serum interleukin-2 gene expression level in treatment group was also higher than syngenic transplantation group, but there was no significant difference (P>0.05), serum interferon-gamma expression level in treatment group was higher than syngenic transplantation group (P<0.05). Artesunate can inhibit acute rejection after rat smal intestine transplantation, and its mechanism may be related to inhibition effect on the secretion and expression of interleukin-2, interferon-gamma and other cytokines.